Ayn Rand Scholar List

Other Scholars Studying Ayn Rand (Sheet 3)

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Name	Affliation	Contact	Title	Journal	Book	Date / Publisher	Dissertation Abstract	SUBJECT AREAS	ABSTRACT	Notes
William Kline	University of Illinois at Springfield. Department Chair of Liberal and Integrative Studies Program.	E-mail: wklin2@uis.edu T: (217) 206-6962	Identity, Professional Ethics, and Substantive Style in the Fountainhead	N/A	Capitalism and Commerce in Imaginative Literature: Perspectives on Business from Novels and Plays	2016 Lexington Books. Lanham MD	No	The Fountainhead	N/A	WILLIAM KLINE is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Liberal and Integrative Studies at the University of Illinois, Springfield. He is also the Executive Director of Liberty Studies.
Vladimir Paperny	U.C.L.A. Slavic Language and Literatures Faculty (Adjunct Professor)	Home Address: 1422 Bank Street, Apt. 6. South Pasedena, CA 91030 T: +1-310-721-7274 (USA) +7-968-407-87-60 (Russia). E-mail: vpaperny@humnet.ucla.edu.com	Modernism and Destruction in Architecture	N/A	Ruins of Modernity	2010 Duke UP	No	The Fountainhead	N/A	N/A
Claudia Franziska Bruhwiler	University of St. Gallen (Switzerland) Project Coordinator and Lecturer. Main Focuses: Ayn Rand; Liberternism; Politics & Literature; Politics and Popular Culture	E-Mail: claudia-franziska.bruehwiler@unisg.ch T: +41 71 224 3349	Prospector and Jeweler: Ayn Rand on the Relationship between Politics and Literature (Journal of American Studies)	Journal of American Studies	N/A	2015 Feb; 49 (1)	No	Political Novel / Libertarnism	The novels by Russian immigrant writer Ayn Rand (1905–82) still attract a large readership, not least thanks to a recent renaissance of libertarian ideas in the US. Was it Rand's intention, when writing her novels, to construct political tracts, as many insinuate, or was she indeed trying to imitate her literary idols, as she herself claimed? The answer is complicated due to Rand's own contradictory statements on fiction's impact. Although Rand suggested that it was the reader who gave text meaning, she also believed her books to have an unambiguous message that should have a distinct effect on the reader.	N/A
Claudia Franziska Bruhwiller	University of St. Gallen (Switzerland) Project Coordinator and Lecturer. Main Focuses: Ayn Rand; Liberternism; Politics & Literature; Politics and Popular Culture	E-Mail: claudia-franziska.bruehwiler@unisg.ch T: +41 71 224 3349	Pitiless Adolescents and Young Crusaders: Reimaging Ayn Rand's Readers	Candanian Review of American Studies	N / A	2016 Spring; 46 (1)	No	Treatment of characters. Relationship to adolescent readers. Keywords: Gene H. Bell-Villada; William F. Buckley; Mary Gaitskill; libertarianism; Objectivism; politics and literature; Ayn Rand; Tobias Wolff.	In the United States, Ayn Rand’s (1905–1982) novels still appeal to a large readership, in spite of their age and length. While many attribute Rand’s lasting popularity to her effect on the presumably young and impressionable, few have actually explored why her novels at times prove to be such a transformative reading experience. The article retraces Rand’s impact, through the lens of four writers who have reimagined her readers: Gene H. Bell-Villada, in the novella The Pianist Who Liked Ayn Rand; Tobias Wolff, in Old School; William F. Buckley, in Getting It Right; and Mary Gaitskill, in Two Girls, Fat and Thin. While Bell-Villada, Wolff, and Buckley convey their own attitudes toward Rand through their characters and shy away from creating strong Randian adherents, Gaitskill’s dark satiric novel offers a surprisingly more empathic account of a pseudo-Randian acolyte.	N / A
Claudia Fransizka Bruhwiller	University of St. Gallen (Switzerland) Project Coordinator and Lecturer. Main Focuses: Ayn Rand; Liberternism; Politics & Literature; Politics and Popular Culture	E-Mail: claudia-franziska.bruehwiler@unisg.ch T: +41 71 224 3349	A is A: Spider-Man, Ayn Rand, and What Man Ought to Be	Journal of Political Science & Politics		2014 Jan; Vol. 47 Issue 1	No	Projection of an Ideal Man	In 1979, writer Tom DeFalco was paired with artist and cocreator of Spider-Man, Steve Ditko, to work on an issue of Machine Man, one of the many superheroes populating the universe of Marvel Comics. Instead of the usual introduction and business chatter, Ditko challenged DeFalco during a first conversation: “Are you Tom? What gives you the right to write about heroes?” (Tucker 2012). By the time of this exchange, Ditko had not only (co-) created and continued numerous superhero stories, ranging from Captain Atom to Dr. Strange or the Hulk, but he had also dedicated a lot of thought to the question as to what composed true heroism. In the 1960s, he had already found answers in a place not uncommon for that time, namely, in the novels of a Russian immigrant whose work should serve, in her own words, as “the projection of an ideal man” (Rand 1943, ix; 1975, 162; 2005, 230): Ayn Rand (1905–1982).	N / A
Daniel Hunter Ferris	P.H.D. Candidate (University of North Dakota)	N / A	The Collision of Romanticism and Modernism in Post-World War II American Cinema: A Theoretical Defense of Intellectual History in the Undergraduate Classroom	N / A	N / A	2014 May; 74 (11)	Yes Abstract No: DA3587421	Dramatic Arts / Media / Film	The post-World War II era in the United States, which ran from 1945 to 1970, has long been divided into two distinct periods; the late 1940s and 1950s and the 1960s. Out of this separation has come a view of the late 1940s and 1950s as a time dominated by a conservative conformist culture that did little to rival pre-war norms. On the other hand, the 1960s have come to be seen as a decade that witnessed true social revolution and thus should be considered responsible for shaping the social and cultural landscape of late twentieth-century America. While these views represented the dominant scholarly position on post-war era culture, a recent shift has brought this view into serious question. Through the work of historians such as Alan Petigny, the post-war era is no longer divided into two separate periods, but rather considered as a single swath of time in which the forces of Modernism began to influence society and affect change. In a period that boasted numerous well-known philosophers and public intellectuals, Ayn Rand became one of the most widely-read and controversial thinkers of the post-war era. Despite being most well-known for her philosophical novels "The Fountainhead" and "Atlas Shrugged," Rand wrote numerous works of non-fiction including the 1971 publication, "The Romantic Manifesto." In this collection of essays, which Rand wrote throughout the 1960s, she identified, like Petigny decades later, the aggressive march of Modernism in post-war America, which, in her estimation, had already ravaged Europe decades earlier, but was temporarily halted from fully taking over the United States because of the Second World War. In addition to identifying the war waged by Modernism against the established tradition of Romanticism in American culture, Rand also discussed the primary elements of literature, which could also be applied to film, and explained how one could determine whether or not a work of art represented Modernism or Romanticism. This study has two main objectives. In terms of historical inquiry, the study will apply the conclusions of Rand and Petigny as to the influence of Modernism across the entire scope of the post-war period to American cinema in order to determine whether or not the art produced by this popular and influential medium reflected an early presence of Modernism or if, in keeping with the traditional view of the period, Modernism was in fact a product of the 1960s. In order to put the ideas of Rand and Petigny to the test, a series of films from a range of genres that were made across the entire post-war period will be analyzed using Rand's method in order to determine whether or not they represent modernist ideas and influence. However, because this study will be used to create a History 399 course, elements of pedagogy will also be considered. Thus, prior to the film analysis, the importance of intellectual history will be stressed specifically in terms of its applicability to sources, such as films, that were previously excluded from serious consideration in the field. After concluding the film analysis, the study will then examine the literature on using film in the undergraduate classroom in order to demonstrate its value as the centerpiece of an undergraduate course. Finally, this study will conclude with a description of the specific course construction including readings, assignments, grading and assessment	Dissertation. U. of North Dakota. 238 Pages.
Roxanne J. Fand	Roxanne J. Fand is a retired assistant professor of English at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.	N / A	Reading the Fountainhead: The Missing Self in Ayn Rand's Ethical Individualism	College English (CE)	N / A	2009 May; 71 (5)	No	Teaching Literature	N / A	ROXANNE J. FAND is a retired Assistant Professor of English at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. She holds Master's degrees in Education and English as a Second Language, and a Ph.D. in English Literature. Fand is the author of the book, The Dialogic Self: Reconstructing Subjectivity in Woolf, Lessing, and Atwood, articles on second language acquisition, and the article, “Margaret Atwood’s Robber Bride: The Dialogic Moral of a Nietzschean Fairy Tale” in Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction. Her article, “Reading The Fountainhead: The Missing Self in Ayn Rand’s Ethical Individualism” appears in College English, May 2009. Fand’s professional interests center on identity and culture theory, feminist-dialogic criticism, women writers, and cross-cultural dialogue. Research Interests: identity and culture theory, feminist-dialogic criticism, women writers, and cross-culture dialogue
Kirsti Minsaas	University of Oslo, Norway (Former Lecturer of English Literature) [1994 - 2007]	University of Oslo Department of British and American Studies P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo	Ayn Rand as Literary Mentor	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No	As Mentor / Relationship to Creative Process	"Erika Holzer's Ayn Rand: My Fiction-Writing Teacher is a collection of essays about Holzer's mentor-protege relationship with Rand. Written as a memoir, it is also a how-to-book on writing (fiction and nonfiction) which takes as its point of departure the personal advice Holzer received from Rand in her early years as a writer. The primary interest of the book lies in Holzer's account of her efforts to put this advice into practice, especially her struggle to learn from Rand while developing her own voice and vision. "	Kirsti Minsaas is a senior lecturer in English literature at the University of Oslo, Norway. In addition to works on Shakespeare and Aristotle's Poetics, she has published several articles on Ayn Rand's literature and aesthetic theory. Her most recent contributions to Rand criticism are included in The Literary Art of Ayn Rand (The Objectivist Center, 2005). She is currently working on a monograph dealing with the heroic vision of Rand's fiction. Kirsti Minsaas is a Norwegian literary scholar who has lectured on Ayn Rand as a literary artist both in Europe and the U.S. She was formerly a stage actress, but is now a doctoral candidate in English literature at the University of Oslo, preparing a thesis on Aristotle and Shakespearean tragedy. She is also writing a book discussing Ayn Rand's fiction. One of her major interests is the relationship between ethics and literature, two disciplines she believes have been too rigidly compartmentalized by academia. Minsaas presented two lectures at the Institute for Objectivist Studies' Summer Seminar in Philosophy in 1995."
Kirsti Minsaas	University of Oslo, Norway (Former Lecturer of English Literature) [1994 - 2007]	University of Oslo Department of British and American Studies P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo	How Not to Guide Student to Ayn Rand's Fiction	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Fall; 3 (1)	No	Teaching of literature / Role of Intructional Materials / Pedagogical Approach. The Fountainhead.	Minsaas reviews CliffsNotes to Ayn Rand's Anthem, The Fountainhead, and Atlas Shrugged, authored by Andrew Bernstein. Minsaas argues that there is little value in these guides, partly because of the restricted format of the CliffsNotes themselves. But she also takes issue with Bernstein's approach, which she believes is flawed by being more concerned with the philosophical than with the literary aspects of Rand's works and by a rigidly doctrinal Objectivism.	Kirsti Minsaas, University of Oslo, Department of British and American Studies, P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway, is a senior lecturer in English literature at the University of Oslo. Her dissertation topic was on the role of Aristotelian catharsis in Shakespearean tragedy, and she is currently working on a project on the "exemplary hero" in English literature from 1590 to 1820. She has also lectured extensively on Ayn Rand's fiction, both in Europe and in the United States.
Kirsti Minsaas	Kirsti MinsaasUniversity of Oslo, Norway (Former Lecturer of English Literature) [1994 - 2007]	University of Oslo Department of British and American Studies P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo	The Role of Tragedy in Ayn Rand's Fiction	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2000 Spring; 1 (2)	No	Treatment of Tragedy. Ayn Rand.	Minsaas examines the role of tragedy in Rand's fiction. Rand tended to dismiss tragedy, finding it incompatible with her doctrine that art should serve as a kind of inspirational fuel. But her own fiction often makes use of tragedy in ways that transcend her theory and that reveal its inadequacy as a basis for interpreting her works. A satisfactory comprehension of the meaning and function of the tragic occurrences in Rand's works, Minsaas argues, requires engagement with such conceptual frameworks as Aristotle's catharsis theory, Nietzsche's attack on pity, the Prometheus myth, and the Stoic idea of heroic calm.	Kirsti Minsaas, University of Oslo, Department of British and American Studies, P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway, is a senior lecturer in English literature at the University of Oslo. Her dissertation topic was on the role of Aristotelian catharsis in Shakespearean tragedy, and she is currently working on a project on the "exemplary hero" in English literature from 1590 to 1820. She has also lectured extensively on Ayn Rand's fiction, both in Europe and in the United States.
Kirsti Minsaas	University of Oslo, Norway (Former Lecturer of English Literature) [1994 - 2007]	University of Oslo Department of British and American Studies P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo	Ayn Rand as Literary Mentor	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No	As mentor. Relationship to Creative Process. Review Article.	Erika Holzer's Ayn Rand: My Fiction-Writing Teacher is a collection of essays about Holzer's mentor-protege relationship with Rand. Written as a memoir, it is also a how-to-book on writing (fiction and nonfiction) which takes as its point of departure the personal advice Holzer received from Rand in her early years as a writer. The primary interest of the book lies in Holzer's account of her efforts to put this advice into practice, especially her struggle to learn from Rand while developing her own voice and vision.	Kirsti Minsaas, University of Oslo, Department of British and American Studies, P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway, is a senior lecturer in English literature at the University of Oslo. Her dissertation topic was on the role of Aristotelian catharsis in Shakespearean tragedy, and she is currently working on a project on the "exemplary hero" in English literature from 1590 to 1820. She has also lectured extensively on Ayn Rand's fiction, both in Europe and in the United States.
Kirsti Minsaas	University of Oslo, Norway (Former Lecturer of English Literature) [1994 - 2007]	University of Oslo Department of British and American Studies P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo	Mimesis and Expression in Ayn Rand's Theory of Art	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of Arts; Relationship to Mimesis; Expression	This article explores the many ways in which Rand's theory of art, though basically mimetic, is strongly infused with expressive elements traditionally associated with Romantic aesthetics. This expressionism, it is argued, puts pressure on Rand's mimeticism to the point of threatening to destabilize it. This is especially evident in Rand's discussion of architecture and music, both of which she regards as valid art forms but fails to accommodate to her mimetic definition of art as a selective re-creation of reality. This inconsistency, the article suggests, is best resolved by reference to the expressive dimension that informs Rand's overall theory.	Kirsti Minsaas, University of Oslo, Department of British and American Studies, P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway, is a senior lecturer in English literature at the University of Oslo. Her dissertation topic was on the role of Aristotelian catharsis in Shakespearean tragedy, and she is currently working on a project on the "exemplary hero" in English literature from 1590 to 1820. She has also lectured extensively on Ayn Rand's fiction, both in Europe and in the United States.
Kirsti Minsaas	University of Oslo, Norway (Former Lecturer of English Literature) [1994 - 2007]	University of Oslo Department of British and American Studies P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo	The Poetics of Admiration: Ayn Rand and the Art of Heroic Fiction	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall; 6 (1)	No	Treatment of Aesthetics; of Admiration.	Minsaas explores the role admiration plays in Rand's literary theory. Seeing admiration as the emotional core of what Rand refers to as a moral sense of life, she first discusses the nature of admiration, focusing on the interrelation between its moral and aesthetic aspects. She then examines its specific significance in Rand's heroic poetics, both in the structure of and in the response to heroic fiction. Finally, she points out certain problems pertaining to Rand's rather partisan preference for heroic art, especially the danger of didacticism and Rand's tendency to dismiss the value of other genres, such as tragedy.	Kirsti Minsaas, University of Oslo, Department of British and American Studies, P. O. Box 1003 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway, is a senior lecturer in English literature at the University of Oslo. Her dissertation topic was on the role of Aristotelian catharsis in Shakespearean tragedy, and she is currently working on a project on the "exemplary hero" in English literature from 1590 to 1820. She has also lectured extensively on Ayn Rand's fiction, both in Europe and in the United States.
Arthur Barry Stricker		N / A	The Life and Thought of Ayn Rand: The Roots of Objectivism	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies	N / A	1988 June; 48 (12)	Yes	American Literature / Philosophy / Hermenutics	The purpose of the dissertation was to describe and evaluate the fully-developed thought of Objectivism as found in the writings of Ayn Rand. The descriptive aspect was accomplished by examining the writings of Ayn Rand in detail. The evaluative aspect was accomplished by analyzing Rand's understanding of her philosophic and personal heritage, her use of presuppositions and axiomatic primaries, her specific treatment of epistemological concerns, and her understanding of the metaphysical subject-object dichotomy. To aid in this task of evaluation, the philosophical hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer was introduced as an alternative paradigm for better understanding some of the issues raised by Rand's thought. ;Chapter 2 presented a discussion of the life and personal background of Ayn Rand. It was illustrated that certain key events and developments had great impact upon the later intellectual and philosophic positions of Rand. This was in stark contrast to her claims. Chapter 3 examined Rand's expressed philosophic roots and noted her affection and public affirmation of the philosophy of Aristotle. This chapter also highlighted Rand's hatred for Kantian philosophy as well as her claim that the irrationality of the modern world was the product of a Kantian perspective. ;Chapters 4 and 5 described in detail the philosophic thought of Rand. Chapter 4 treated metaphysics and epistemology. Rand's common-sense realism was built upon her understanding of the subject-object split. Rand's epistemology was centered upon the claims of reason as the only legitimate manner of knowing. Chapter 5 treated Rand's ethics, politics, and aesthetics. Rand's positions in these areas were expressed in terms of egoism, radical capitalism, and romantic realism. The description presented in these chapters was based solely upon Rand's own writing. ;Chapter 6 offered both evaluation of Rand's program and additional dialogue using the philosophical hermeneutics of Gadamer. It was claimed that Rand's philosophic position is untenable because of her illegitimate use of philosophic presuppositions, her positing of axiomatic primaries which remain above examination, and her failure to develop a workable epistemology. It was argued that in her larger body of thought, Rand even subverts the internal logic of her epistemology. Gadamer's understanding of truth and logical method was presented as an appropriate alternative to the point of view of Rand's Objectivist philosophy	N / A
Chris Matthew Sciabarra	N.Y.U. (Visiting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical	N / A	Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical (Penn. State UP)	2013. Penn. State UP	No	American Literature & AR 1900-1999	Author of The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged, Ayn Rand (1905–1982) is one of the most widely read philosophers of the twentieth century. Yet, despite the sale of over thirty million copies of her works, there have been few serious scholarly examinations of her thought. Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical provides a comprehensive analysis of the intellectual roots and philosophy of this controversial thinker. It has been nearly twenty years since the original publication of Chris Sciabarra’s Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. Those years have witnessed an explosive increase in Rand sightings across the social landscape: in books on philosophy, politics, and culture; in film and literature; and in contemporary American politics, from the rise of the Tea Party to recent presidential campaigns. During this time Sciabarra continued to work toward the reclamation of the dialectical method in the service of a radical libertarian politics, culminating in his book Total Freedom: Toward a Dialectical Libertarianism (Penn State, 2000). In this new edition of Ayn Rand, Chris Sciabarra adds two chapters that present in-depth analysis of the most complete transcripts to date documenting Rand’s education at Petrograd State University. A new preface places the book in the context of Sciabarra’s own research and the recent expansion of interest in Rand’s philosophy. Finally, this edition includes a postscript that answers a recent critic of Sciabarra’s historical work on Rand. Shoshana Milgram, Rand’s biographer, has tried to cast doubt on Rand’s own recollections of having studied with the famous Russian philosopher N. O. Lossky. Sciabarra shows that Milgram’s analysis fails to cast doubt on Rand’s recollections—or on Sciabarra’s historical thesis.	CHRIS MATTHEW SCIABARRA, co-editor of Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand, is Visiting Scholar in the Department of Politics at New York University. At N.Y.U., he earned a B.A. in history (with honors), economics, and politics, an M.A. in politics, and a Ph.D., with distinction, in political theory, philosophy, and methodology. He is the author of the forthcoming, Total Freedom: Toward a Dialectical Libertarianism (Penn State Press, 2000), his third book in the trilogy that began with Marx, Hayek, and Utopia (State University of New York Press, 1995) and continued with Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical (Penn State Press, 1995). In his exploration of the nature of political radicalism, he integrates libertarian social theory and dialectical method. His website features many of the debates that his work has provoked.
Chris Matthew Sciabarra	N.Y.U. (Visiting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	Ayn Rand in the Scholarly Literature	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Fall; 3 (1)	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1982) Theories of Feyerabend	The authors discuss references to Ayn Rand in the works of Paul Feyerabend and Slavojk.	CHRIS MATTHEW SCIABARRA received his Ph.D., with distinction, in political theory, philosophy, and methodology from New York University. He is the author of the “Dialectics and Liberty Trilogy,” which includes Marx, Hayek, and Utopia (State University of New York Press, 1995), Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical (Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995; expanded second edition, 2013), and Total Freedom: Toward a Dialectical Libertarianism (Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000). He is also coeditor, with Mimi Reisel Gladstein, of Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999), and a founding coeditor of The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (1999–present). He has written over a dozen encyclopedia entries dealing with Objectivism and libertarianism, given over 50 interviews published in such periodicals as The Chronicle of Higher Education, The Boston Globe, Philadelphia Inquirer, The Village Voice, and The Economist, and published over 150 essays, which have appeared in publications as diverse as Critical Review, Reason Papers, Liberty, Reason, The New York Daily News, Film Score Monthly, Jazz Times, Just Jazz Guitar, and Billboard.
Chris Matthew Sciabarra (Ed.)	N.Y.U. (Visting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	Centrary Symposium: Part I: Ayn Rand: Literary and Culltural Impact	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall; 6 (1)	No	Ayn Rand (Influence Study)	N / A	Blog: http://www.nyu.edu/projects/sciabarra/notablog/
Chris Matthew Sciabarra (Ed.)	N.Y.U. (Visting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	Centenary Symposium, Part II: Ayn Rand among the Austirians	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Spring 6 (2)	No	Treatment of Capitalism. Objectivism. Relationship to Ludwig Von Mises and Menger Carl Austrian Society	This article surveys Rand's relationship to key thinkers in the Austrian school of economics, including Ludwig von Mises, Murray N. Rothbard, and F. A. Hayek. Austrian theory informs the writings of Rand and her early associates (e.g., Nathaniel Branden, Alan Greenspan, and George Reisman) on topics ranging from monopoly to business cycles. Some post-Randian thinkers (e.g., Richard Salsman), however, have repudiated many of these insights, thus constituting a movement away from the historically close relationship between Objectivism and Austrianism. This symposium explores the distinction between these approaches and the possibilities for a shared vision.	Bio: https://www.nyu.edu/projects/sciabarra/about/bio.htm
Chris Matthew Sciabarra	N.Y.U. (Visiting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	Life, Death, Renewal	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 July; 14 (1)	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1982) Treatment in Biography	This essay discusses the passing of two figures important to Ayn Rand studies: Allan Gotthelf and Barbara Branden. It also contextualizes some of the essays published in the current issue. [An excerpt from this introduction can be found here.]	Founding Coeditor (JARS) / Wrote Enc. Entries on Objectivism and Liberitarnism.
Chris Matthew Sciabarra	N.Y.U. (Visiting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	The Rand Transcript Revisted	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of Professor. Relationship to Nikolia Losskii. Textual Revision	In an examination of recently recovered materials from Russian archival sources, Sciabarra expands on his earlier studies of Rand's secondary and university education in Silver Age Russia (see the Fall 1999 Journal of Ayn Rand Studies essay, "The Rand Transcript"). He uncovers new details that are consistent with his historical theses, first presented in the 1995 book, Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. He reexamines the case for a connection between Rand and N. O. Lossky, and proposes a possible parallel between Lossky and a character Rand called "Professor Leskov" in an early draft of the novel, We the Living.	Founding Coeditor (JARS) / Wrote Enc. Entries on Objectivism and Liberitarnism.
Chris Matthew Sciabarra	N.Y.U. (Visiting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	The Illustrated Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall; 6 (1)	No	Relationship to Visual Arts. Influence Study.	This article surveys the exponential increase in Rand references in scholarly and popular sources to illustrate her cultural ascendancy as an iconic figure. Special attention is paid to Rand's impact on popular literature, television, cartoons, and illustrated media, including comics. Rand's own involvement in illustrated presentations of her ideas is explored, as is her influence on such comic artists as Steve Ditko, Frank Miller, and others. Nathaniel Branden's insights on the role of comics in projecting heroic values are also addressed.	Founding Coeditor (JARS) / Wrote Enc. Entries on Objectivism and Liberitarnism.
Chris Matthew Sciabarra	N.Y.U. (Visiting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	Ayn Rand in the Scholarly Literature II: Rand, Rush, and Rock.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall; 4 (1)	No	NoTreatment in Music Criticism; On Rock and Roll Song	Sciabarra surveys discussions of Ayn Rand in the literature on Progressive rock music. He examines critically Edward Macan's Rocking the Classics: English Progressive Rock and the Counterculture, Paul Stump's The Music's All That Matters: A History of Progressive Rock, Carol Selby Price and Robert M. Price's Mystic Rhythms: The Philosophical Vision of Rush, Bill Martin'sListening to the Future: The Time of Progressive Rock, 1968-1978 (1998), and Durrell S. Bowman's essay on the rock band Rush in Kevin Holm-Hudson'sProgressive Rock Reconsidered. He argues that the authors show varying degrees of understanding of Rand's brand of "redemptive politics." [html version available]	Founding Coeditor (JARS) / Wrote Enc. Entries on Objectivism and Liberitarnism.
Chris Matthew Sciabarra	N.Y.U. (Visiting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	Bill Bradford, Ayn Rand, and Coney Island	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring; 7 (2)	No	American Literature. Treatment of AR & role or Raymond Bradford.	This essay offers a tribute to R. W. Bradford, one of the founding co-editors of The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, who passed away on 8 December 2005. It also marks the passing of two other writers who have contributed to Rand studies: Joan Kennedy Taylor and Chris Tame.	Founding Coeditor (JARS) / Wrote Ency. Entries on Objectivism and Liberitarnism.
Chris Mathew Sciabarra	N.Y.U. (Visting Scholar)	E-Mails: chris.sciabarra@nyu.edu cms10@is2.nyu.edu	Assessing the Legacy of Nathniel Branden	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 July; 15 (1): 1-2	No	Relationship to Objectivism. Theories of Nathaniel Branden.	In a forthcoming issue of The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, we will publish a wide-ranging symposium "Assessing the Work and Legacy of Nathaniel Branden." Branden was made aware of our planned symposium and gave us his blessings, many months prior to his passing on 3 December 2014. We aim to publish a collection of essays that will honor our commitment to fostering scholarly dialogue through a respectful interdisciplinary exchange of ideas, drawn from a variety of interpretive and critical perspectives.	Founding Coeditor (JARS) / Wrote Ency. Entries on Objectivism and Liberitarnism.
Caroline Breashears	St. Lawrence University Associate Professor of English	Mail: St. Lawrence University Department of English 02 Richardson Hall Canton, NY 13617 T: (315) 229-5146 E-Mail: cbreashears@stlawu.edu	Why James Taggart Is No Prince Charming: Ayn Rand and Fairy Tales	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 July; 14 (1)	No	The Fountainhead / Intertexuality / Conformity / Heroism / Individualism	This article examines how and why Ayn Rand uses fairy tales as intertexts in her novels. It argues that she evokes and revises fairy tales to exemplify the metaphysical values that her novels resist. For Rand, fairy tales like "Cinderella" are problematic because they typically endorse conventionality over the truly heroic. She therefore associates them with secondhanders and villains. She rejects their message that mindless conformity leads to happily-ever-after, and she exposes how fairy tales can be formidable vehicles for promoting the senseless. She reinforces her point by contrasting them with her revisions of myths, which she associates with heroes.	CAROLINE BREASHEARS Caroline Breashears is an associate professor of English at St. Lawrence University. She has taught courses on Ayn Rand, fairy tales, and British literature. Caroline Breashears, who received her Ph.D. from the University of Virginia, specializes in eighteenth-century British literature. Recent publications include Eighteenth-Century Women's Writing and the "Scandalous Memoir" (Palgrave Macmillan, 2017) and articles in Aphra Behn Online and the International Journal of Pluralistic and Economics Education. She teaches courses on fairy tales, eighteenth-century British Literature, and Jane Austen.
Donald Leslie Johnson	University of South Australlia. Adjunct Professor School of Art, Architecture, and Design.	Email: Donald.Johnson@unisa.edu.au Mail: PO Box 75. Kangarilla, South Australia 5157.	The Fountainheads: Wright, Rand, the FBI and Hollywood	N / A	Book (McFarland)	2005. McFarland.	No	Ayn Rand / The Fountainhead / Treatment of Architects	N / A	Retired from teaching and research degree supervision. Specializes in Architecture of Frank Loyd Wright.
Simon Schleusener	John F. Kennedy Institut, Freie Universitat. Berlin. Department of Culture. Lecturer.	Email: simon.schleusener@fu-berlin.de. T: + 49 30 838 52880. Mail: Freie Universitat. Lansstrabe 7-9. Room 314. 14195. Berlin.	Neoliberal Affects: The Culture and Logic of Cool Capitalism	REAL: The Yearbook of Research in English and American Literature	N / A	2014	No	Dramatic Arts / Media / Film	N / A	N / A
Barbara Branden	Writer & Lecturer / M.A. Philo NYU (Sydney Hook). AR's friend 18 Years. Former Managing Editor Objectivist (Philosophical Journal). Executive Director of Nathaniel Branden Institute	R.I.P. (May 14, 1929-December 11, 2013)	Ayn Rand: The Reluctant Fundamentalist	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	Wrote Thesis Under Syndey Hook at NYU. Wrote The Passion of Ayn Rand and Who is Ayn Rand.
Diana Mertz Bricknell	Graduate NYU	N / A	Was Ayn Rand a Feminist?	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	DIANA MERTZ BRICkELL (magna cum laude) in philosophy from Washington University in St. Louis. In 1997, she received the Nishi Luthra Prize in Philosophy from Washington University. Diana currently resides in Los Angeles, where whe works as a computer programmer and continues to write on philosophy and feminist issues.
Diana Mertz Bricknell	Philosophy BA Washington U (St. Louis)	N / A	Sex and Gender Through an Egoist Lens: Masculinity and Feminity in the Philosophy of Ayn Rand	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	NoAyn Rand and Feminism		N / A
Susan Love Brown	Prf. Anthro. Florida Atlantic University (Boca Raton)	E-Mail: slbrown@fau.edu T: (561) 297-2325 Mail: Department of Anthropology Florida Atlantic University 777 Glades Road --SO 103 Boca Raton, Florida 33431-0991	Ayn Rand: The Woman Who Would Not Be President	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	SUSAN LOVE BROWN is a professor of anthropology at Florida Atlantic University (FAU), Boca Raton, and received her Ph.D. in anthropology from the University of California, San Diego. She is a political and psychological anthropologist, specializing in the Caribbean and the United States in the areas of cultural theory, social evolution, gender, ethnicity, individualist anarchism, and the study of intentional communities. She is the former director of the Public Intellectuals Program, the Ph.D. in Comparative Studies, and she is a faculty associate of the Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies program at FAU and has taught Gender and Culture for the last 20 years. She has written a number of articles and book chapters about gender and sexuality in Ayn Rand's novels, and she is the editor of Intentional Community: An Anthropological Perspective (SUNY, 2002). She is currently working on a full-length study of Ayn Rand and gender.
Susan Love Brown	Prf. Anthro. Florida Atlantic University (Boca)	Alternative E-mail: S.L.Brown3@iup.edu	Ayn Rand and Rape	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 July	No	The Fountainhead. Treatment of Rape. Freedom. Relationship and Ambiguity.	The first sexual encounter between Dominique Francon and Howard Roark in The Fountainhead is known as the “rape scene.” From the time of the novel's publication, some readers have found a contradiction between Rand's views on freedom and the violence within the novel. The ambiguity arises from the way in which the scenes leading up to the event are constructed, the sadomasochistic context of the novel, and Rand's views of gender and romantic relationships. Although Rand repeatedly denied that any rape occurred, this article concludes that a rape did occur and that Rand fully intended it to be so.	N / A
Susan Love Brown	Prf. Anthro. Florida Atlantic University (Boca)	Alternative E-mail: S.L.Brown3@iup.edu	Ayn Rand as Public Intellectual: Notes from the Margin.	Studies in the Humanities (StHum)	N / A	2008 Dec; 35 (2)	No	Ayn Rand. Relationship to Intellectuals. Public Sphere.	N / A	N / A
Susan Love Brown	Prf. Anthro. Florida Atlantic University (Boca)	E-Mail: slbrown@fau.edu T: (561) 297-2325 Mail: Department of Anthropology Florida Atlantic University 777 Glades Road --SO 103 Boca Raton, Florida 33431-0991	Society Toward an Objective View	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Fall; 9 (1)	No	Treatment of society. Relationship to social behavior	This article seeks to clarify the nature of human society by reclaiming sociality as an attribute of human nature. Sociality---the need for human beings to connect physically and psychologically with other human beings---contributes to the development of the rational faculty, affecting the processes of identity formation, socialization, and enculturation. Following F. G. Bailey's model of political structures as a foundation, the article posits that social structures and their institutions derive from nine domains of human action: the social, economic, political, legal, educational, medical, spiritual, artistic, and sportive.	N / A
Susan Love Brown	Prf. Anthro. Florida Atlantic University (Boca)	E-Mail: slbrown@fau.edu T: (561) 297-2325 Mail: Department of Anthropology Florida Atlantic University 777 Glades Road --SO 103 Boca Raton, Florida 33431-0991	Essays on Ayn Rand's Fiction	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	Yes	English summary of Robert Mayhew's Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem.	The two volumes edited by Robert Mayhew provide new information about the creation, publication, and histories of Anthem and We the Living. The essays were written by authors who had access to the Ayn Rand Archives, and whose work constitutes a good foundation for the study of these novels. Although both volumes contain chapters that deal unsatisfactorily with Rand's changes between editions and sometimes fail to acknowledge the work of other writers and scholars in the field, these collections also contain many new insights into Rand's life in Russia and the creative process and are great additions to Rand scholarship.	N / A
Susan Brownmiller	Feminist journalist, author, and activist. Born February 15 1935. 82 years old. Reporter ABC-TV. Freelance Writer NYT. Most famous book "Against Our Will."	Website: www.susanbrownmiller.com	Ayn Rand: A Traitor to Her Own Sex	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism. Treatment of Rape. As Masochism of women. The Fountainhead.	N / A	SUSAN BROWNMILLER is the author of many books and essays, including Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape (Bantam Books, 1975), Femininity (Linden Press, 1984), Waverly Place (Grove Press, 1989), and Seeing Vietnam: Encounters of the Road and Heart (HarperCollins, 1994). Website: www.susanbrownmiller.com
Mimi Reisel Gladstein	Eng. & Theatre Prf. U Texas (El Paso)	Mail: The University of Texas at Elpaso Department of Theater and Dance Fox Fine Arts Building, (Room 371 D). 500 W University El Paso, Texas 79902 E-Mail: theatredance@utep.edu T: (915) 747-5146	Ayn Rand and Feminism: An Unlikely Alliance / Introduction	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	MIMI REISEL GLADSTEIN, co-editor of Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand, is a Professor of English and Theatre Arts at the University of Texas at El Paso, where she is currently Associate Dean of Liberal Arts. She was the first Director of the Women's Studies Program at her university. She has chaired the English Department twice, was the Executive Director for the University's Diamond Jubilee Celebration, and Director of the Western Cultural Heritage Program. She is the author of The Ayn Rand Companion (1984), The Indestructible Woman in Faulkner, Hemingway, and Steinbeck (1986), The New Ayn Rand Companion, Revised and Expanded Edition (1999), and a volume on Atlas Shrugged for Twayne's Masterwork Studies series, Atlas Shrugged: Manifesto of the Mind (2000). She also received her university's College of Liberal Arts' Outstanding Faculty Achievement Award in 2003 She has been a Fulbright Professor in Venezuela (1990-91) and Spain (1995). For a 31 May 2004 interview with Mimi Reisel Gladstein, conducted by Craig Ceely for The Atlasphere, click here. Feminist Interpretations Website: https://www.nyu.edu/projects/sciabarra/femstart.htm
Mimi Reisel Gladstein	Eng. & Theatre Prf. U Texas (El Paso)	See Above	Rand's Gender Politics: A Potential of Cognitive Dissonance	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 Dec; 14 (2)	No	Treatment of Gender; Relationship to Sexual Politics; Feminism	Although Ayn Rand and her philosophy have influenced many nascent feminists, particularly those of the individualist inclination, Rand was openly hostile to the feminist movement and declared that she would not vote for a woman for president. The author analyzes Rand's position and reasoning about a woman president, finding it contradictory to the rational principles Rand professed.	N / A
Mimi Reisel Gladstein	Eng. & Theatre Prf. U Texas (El Paso)	Mail: The University of Texas at Elpaso Department of Theater and Dance Fox Fine Arts Building, (Room 371 D). 500 W University El Paso, Texas 79902 E-Mail: theatredance@utep.edu T: (915) 747-5146	Beauvoir and Rand: Asphyxating People, Having Sex, and Pursuing a Career.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 July; 15 (1)	No	By women writers. Treatment of Career. Sex. Violence. Goal. Relationship to Ethics. Compared to Simone De Beauvoir.	In an attempt to start rectifying a lamentable disparity in scholarship, we evince fruitful points of similarity and difference in the ideas of Simone de Beauvoir and Ayn Rand, paying particular attention to their views on long-term projects. Endorsing what might be called an "Ethic of Resolve," Rand praises those who undertake sustained goal-directed actions such as careers. Beauvoir, however, endorses an "Ethic of Ambiguity" that makes her more skeptical about the prospects of carrying out lifelong projects without deluding oneself. Our study teases apart the strengths and drawbacks of these views.	N / A
Thomas Gramstad	Freelance Teacher	E-Mail: thomas.gramstad@ub.uio.no T: +47-22852546	The Female Hero: A Randian-Feminist Synthesis	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism. Feminism, Gender, Liberation & Multiculturalism.	N / A	THOMAS GRAMSTAD is a "digital nomad": a freelance writer, teacher and conference organizer with a primary focus on interactive cyber- and multimedia, virtual communities and computer art. His work focuses on the intersection of feminism, gender liberation and multiculturalism. He is the creator of more than thirty interactive group forums on the Internet, including alt.feminism.individualism, alt.tv.xena, and the Amazons International Newsletter. He is the author of "The Edison Galaxy: Text Beyond the Oral/Literary Dichotomy," in T. Julsrud & J. W. Bakke's The Digital Nomad (Spartacus, Oslo), and of numerous articles and essays.
Melissa Jane Hardy	Professor of English, Cultural & Women's Studies U Sydney (Senior Lecturer Department of English). Studies Literature, Late Modernism, and Avant-Garde.	E-Mail: MJHardie1@aol.com. melissa.hardie@sydney.edu.au. T: +61 2 9351 7737 Mail: The University Of Sydney John Woolley Building Manning Rd, Camperdown NSW 2050, Australia	Fluff and Granite: Rereading Rand's Camp Feminist Aesethetics	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	MELISSA JANE HARDIE teaches English, cultural studies, and women's studies in the English Department, University of Sydney. Her Ph.D. was awarded at the University of Sydney in 1994. She is currently completing her book Camp Quality: Women, Popular Culture, Queer Aesthetics. Her recent publications include "'I Embrace The Difference': Elizabeth Taylor and the Closet" in Grosz & Probyn, eds., Sexy Bodies: The Strange Carnalities of Feminism (Routledge, 1995), and "Restless: Paglia v. Sontag" in American Feminist Studies (1997). Future projects include work on liberation and nostalgia
Barbara Grizzuti Harrison	Author (Books & Essays)	R.I.P. 67 Years Old	Psyching Out Ayn Rand	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism. Treatment of female-male relations; as sadomasochism; relationship to objectivism (philosophy).	N / A	BARBARA GRIZZUTI HARRISON is the author of many books and essays, including Unlearning the Lie: Sexism in School (Liveright, 1973), Visions of Glory: A History and a Memory of Jehovah's Witnesses (Simon and Schuster, 1978), Off Center: Essays (Dial Press, 1980), The Astonishing World: Essays (Ticknor & Fields, 1992), and An Accidental Autobiography (Houghton Mifflin, 1996).
Valorie Loiret-Prunet	Prf. Lings. & Lit. VP French AR Society	E-Mail: loiret@club-internet.fr	Ayn Rand and Feminist Synthesis: Regarding We the Living	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	VALOIRE LOIRET PRUNET is a Professor of Linguistics and Literature. She earned her degree at the University of Paris, and teaches courses in text analysis, grammar and philosophy. Her current project is "Rediscovering the 'I' in Discourse and Grammar: Modern Enunciative Linguistics and Objectivism." She serves as Vice President of the French Ayn Rand Society.
Wendy McElroy	Author & Feminist Lecturer. Canadian individualist anarchist and feminist.	Born 1951. Age 66.	Looking Through a Paradigm Darkly	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism. The Fountainhead. Treatment of sex. Rape.	N / A	WENDY McELROY is author of XXX: A Woman's Right to Pornography (St. Martin's Press, 1995) and Sexual Correctness: The Gender-Feminist Attack on Women (McFarland , 1996). She is the editor of the anthology Freedom, Feminism, and the State (Cato Institute, 1982), now in its third edition. She is a freelance writer whose articles have appeared in publivations as diverse as National Review and Marie Claire. She is a feminist lecturer, most recently on the International Congress on Prostitution. Member of Wisonsin Scholars Society U Madision
Karen Michalson	PhD. English U Mass Amherst (Author)	Popular Author	Who is Dagny Taggart?: The Epic Hero/ine in Disguise	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	KAREN MICHALSON holds a Ph.D. in English from the university of Massachusettes at Amherst. She is a full-time writer and musician. She is the author of several novels, book reviews, scholarly articles, and one scholarly book. She has taught at Worcester Polytecnic Institute and the University of Connecticut at Storrs. She is also president of Arula Records and the bassist-vocalist of her rock band, Point of Ares, whose debut CD Enemy Glory, is based on her literary fantasy trilogy of the same title.
Camille Pagali	Humanities Prf. U Arts in Philadelphia	E-Mail: cpaglia@uarts.edu. T: 215-717-6265	Reflections on Ayn Rand	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	CAMILLE PAGLIA is Professor of Humanities at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia. Her books include Sexual Personae: Art and Decadence from Neferitite to Emily Dickinson (Yale University Press 1992), Sex, Art and American Culture (Vintage Books, 1992), and Vamps; and Tramps: New Essays (Vintage Books, 1994).
Sharon Presley	PhD. Social Psychology C.U.N.Y.	California State University East Bay (Retird)Taught at 13 different schools	Ayn Rands Philosophy of Individualism: A Feminist Psychologist's Perspective	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism. Treatment of Individuallism. As Alienation. Relationship to Feminism. The psychology of individualism.	Taught Psy. Women Cal. St. U. + Iowa State	SHARON PRESLEY received her Ph.D in social psychology from the City University of New York. She has taught psychology of women and other gender-related courses at California State University, Iowa State University, the College of Wooster, and Weber State College. Her published research includes a study of political resisters to authority, historical papers on women resisters, and a study of Mormon feminists. She is the Executive Director of Resources for Indepdentent Thinking, a non-profit educational institution, and is working on two books.
Robert Sheaffer	Visting Scholar Dept. Politics NYU Works in Silicon Valley	N / A	Introduction	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	Founding Coeditor (JARS) / Wrote Enc. Entries Objectivism and Libertarniasm. Maintains Skeptical Website
Robert Sheaffer	Author of Resentment Against Achievement.	N / A	Rereading Rand on Gender in the Light of Paglia	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	ROBERT SHEAFFER Received his B.A. and M.A.T. degrees from Northwestern University. He has contributed articles and reviews to Reason, Liberty, the Humanist, Scientific American, Free Inquiry, and other publications. He works in California's Silicon Valley as a data communications engineer.
Joan Kennedy Taylor	Was an American journalist, author, editor, public intellectual, and political activist. She is best known for her advocacy of individualist feminism and for her role in the development of the modern American libertarian movement.	R.I.P. (1926-2005)	Ayn Rand and the Concept of Feminism: A Reclamation	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism	N / A	Joan Kennedy Taylor was an American journalist, author, editor, public intellectual, and political activist. She is best known for her advocacy of individualist feminism and for her role in the development of the modern American libertarian movement. "As a publicity assistant at Knopf, Joan read an advance copy of [Ayn] Rand's Atlas Shrugged and found the book fascinating. She wrote a letter of appreciation to the author, who responded by inviting her to lunch. The two women established a friendship, partly because of Joan's deep interest in 'Objectivism.' For Taylor, Rand blended literary aptitude and economic philosophy into an attractive package." Taylor began writing about politics from her new Objectivist perspective and soon founded and edited an independent monthly political magazine, Persuasion (1964–1968) the first political magazine ever personally endorsed and recommended by Ayn Rand. In the December 1965 issue of The Objectivist Newsletter, Rand wrote that Persuasion "does a remarkable educational job in tying current political events to wider principles, evaluating specific events in a rational frame-of-reference, and maintaining a high degree of consistency. It is of particular interest and value to all those who are eager to fight on the level of practical politics, but flounder hopelessly for lack of proper material."
Barry Vacker	Prf. Cnt. Commun. & Arts Sth. Methd. U Dallas. Recent: Associate Professor of Instruction Temple University. Media Studies and Production Department.	E-Mail: bvacker@temple.edu Off: (215)204-3623 Other: (215) 204-5401	Skyscrapers, Supermodels, and Strange Attractors: Ayn Rand, Naomi Wolf an the Third Wave Aethos.	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism / Role of culture / Aesthetics of industrialism	N / A	BARRY VACKER is an Assistant Professor, Meadows School of the Arts, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275. He is the author of many articles on aesthetics and technology. His forthcoming book, Chaos at the Edge of Utopia, offers a radical reinterpretation of the aesthetics and technologies of utopia, past and future. His projects at Temple University's Department of Media Studies and Production explore how utopia, dystopia, and human destiny have been represented in art, media, technology, and culture. He uses an arts and sciences approach to creatively and critically theorize the intersection of media, philosophy, culture, and technology, all of which shape human destiny around the world.
Barry Vacker	Prf. Cnt. Commun. & Arts Sth. Methd. U Dallas. Klein College of Media & Communication., Associate Professor of Instruction	E-Mail: bvacker@temple.edu Office: 215-204-3623 Other: 215-204-5401 Office: Tomlinson Theater, Room 224	Guggenheims and Grand Canyons	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	Spring 2001	No	Treatment of Art. Aesthetics. Theories of Louis Torres.	Vacker argues that Torres and Kamhi's What Art Is seems destined to become the seminal explication of Randian aesthetics. But the authors conflate a psychology of art with a philosophy of aesthetics, and, in so doing, embrace several aesthetic divides that have plagued modern arts and culture: art versus beauty, art versus material function, and order versus chaos. What Art Ispresents a theory of aesthetics that is inherently anti-aesthetic, ultimately seeking to preserve a past order against the chaotic future.	Dr. Philo., Law, Communication UT Austin
Barry Vacker	Medows School of the Arts. Southern Methodist University. Assistant Professor. Temple University, Associate Professor of Instruction in the Department of Media Studies & Production	Mail: Temple University Department of Media Studies 2020 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122. E-Mail: bvacker@temple.edu T: Office: 215-204-3623 Other: 215-204-5401. Office: Tomlinson Theater, Room 224	The Strange Attractor in Randian Aesthetics	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2000 Fall; 2 (1)	No	American Literature. (1900-1999). Ayn Rand. (1905-1982). The Fountainhead. (1943). The Romantic Manifesto. (1969)	Vacker views The Fountainhead as unique in utopian literature, since it rejects the traditional vision of total planning for total order, in favor of a utopian vision expressed through the aesthetics of egoism and chaos. In particular, Howard Roark's buildings embrace the fractal forms being uncovered in the post-Newtonian sciences of chaos and complexity. As such, this suggests that the insights of chaos theory be integrated with Rand's theory of art and epistemology. Vacker argues that chaotic forms and processes should be placed at the center of a utopian cultural aesthetic that embraces strange attractors.	BARRY VACKER is an Assistant Professor, Meadows School of the Arts, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275. He earned a doctorate from the University of Texas at Austin, where his studies and dissertation covered philosophy, aesthetics, law, and media. He has authored articles and book chapters on aesthetics, culture, and technology. His forthcoming book, entitled Chaos at The Edge of Utopia, offers a radical new interpretation of utopia based on aesthetics and chaos
Judith Wilt	Prf. Engl. Boston College	Mail: Department of English Boston College.35 Commonwealth Avenue # 407 Chestnut Hill, MA 02567. E-Mail: judith.wilt@bc.edu. O: (617) 552-3702. H: (617) 332-3298	The Romances of Ayn Rand	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (Pub. Penn State)	1999	No	Ayn Rand and Feminism . Treatment of Love, sexual violence, relationship to cultural politics.	Teaches & Writes British & American Fiction, Pop. Culture, Women's Stud., Religion & Literature	JUDITH WILT is a Professor of English, former chair of the department, and founding director of the Women's Studies Program at Boston College. She teaches and writes in the fields of British and American fiction, popular culture, women's studies, and religion and literature.
Judith Wilt	Prf. Engl. Boston College	Mail: Department of English Boston College.35 Commonwealth Avenue # 407 Chestnut Hill, MA 02567. E-Mail: judith.wilt@bc.edu. O: (617) 552-3702. H: (617) 332-3298	Women Writers and the Hero of Romance	N / A	Women Writers and the Hero of Romance	2014	No	Relevant Chapters: The Hero as Expert: Ayn Rand's Heroes of Choice		By women novelists. Romance conventions. Treatment of hero. Relationship to female imagination.
Judith Wilt	Prf. Engl. Boston College	Mail: Department of English Boston College.35 Commonwealth Avenue # 407 Chestnut Hill, MA 02567. E-Mail: judith.wilt@bc.edu. O: (617) 552-3702. H: (617) 332-3298	See aboveOn Atlas Shrugged	N / A	Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand	Pennsylvania State University Press 1999		Ayn Rand and Feminism . Treatment of Love, sexual violence, relationship to cultural politics.	N / A	Teaches & Writes British & American Fiction, Pop. Culture, Women's Stud., Religion & Literature
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech	E-Mail: dashiell@vt.edu T: (540) 231-8462 Address: 227 Shanks Hall 181 Turner St. NW Blacksburg, VA 24061	The Fountainhead from Notebook to Novel: The Compostion of AR's First Ideal Man	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	N / A	N / A	Ph.D Comp. Lit. Stanford. Pub. Art. 19 th 20 th figures Fr. / Rus. / Eng. American Lit. Author Intro Toilers of Sea / Man Who Laughs / Seafarers.
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech	E-Mail: dashiell@vt.edu T: (540) 231-8462 Address: 227 Shanks Hall 181 Turner St. NW Blacksburg, VA 24061	Anthem in Manuscript: Finding the Words	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem	2005	No	Composition	N / A	Expertise Victorian/Edwardian novelists (George Eliot, E. L. Voynich, Victoria Cross) 19th-century Russian Fiction (Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Chekhov) Ayn Rand (Life, Texts, Contexts) Classical Narrative Cinema (Hawks, Hitchcock) 19th-century French Fiction (Hugo)
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech	E-Mail: dashiell@vt.edu T: (540) 231-8462 Address: 227 Shanks Hall 181 Turner St. NW Blacksburg, VA 24061	Anthem in the Context of Related Literary Works: 'We Are Not Like Our Brothers'	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem	2005: Lexington. Lanham MD.	No	Treatment of Dystopia	N / A	Professional Activities Modern Language Association American Association, Teachers of Slavic/East European Languages Educational Testing Service Ayn Rand Institute and Archives Nevil Shute Norway Foundation
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech	E-Mail: dashiell@vt.edu T: (540) 231-8462 Address: 227 Shanks Hall 181 Turner St. NW Blacksburg, VA 24061	We the Living and Victor Hugo: Ayn Rand's First Novel and the Novelist She Ranked First.	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	Lexington Books. Lanham, MD.	No	Influence on Ayn Rand. 'We the Living.' 'Fountainhead.'	N / A	Education Ph.D. Stanford University B.A. Barnard College (Columbia University) B.H.L. Jewish Theological Seminary"
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech	E-Mail: dashiell@vt.edu T: (540) 231-8462 Address: 227 Shanks Hall 181 Turner St. NW Blacksburg, VA 24061	Recontextualizing Richard Wright's The Outsider: Hugo, Dostevsky, Max Eastman, and Ayn Rand.	N / A	Richard Wright in a Post-Racial Imaginary.	Bloomsbury 2014	No	By African American Novelists. Treatment of Outsider Morality. Relationship to Race. Compared to Ayn Rand Atlas Shrugged 1957.	N / A	Research Interest Studying Ayn Rands Life Till 1957
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech	E-Mail: dashiell@vt.edu T: (540) 231-8462 Address: 227 Shanks Hall 181 Turner St. NW Blacksburg, VA 24061	Nabokov's Switzerlands: Discovery, Recovery, and Ayn Rand's Atlantis.	Nabokov Studies (NSt)	N / A	2014-2015; 13; 141-157	No	Treatment of American Landscape. Relationship to Switzerland. Compared to Atlantis. In AR's Atlas Shrugged.	N / A	Additional Information Her main research focus has been nineteenth-century fiction—American, British, French, and Russian—with some attention to related twentieth-century writers. she also works with the Hebrew Bible, film, and non-fictional prose. In studying the responses of one writer to another, she has published on such subjects as Leo Tolstoy’s reading of George Eliot, George Eliot’s reading of Victor Hugo, Anton Chekhov’s reading of Herbert Spencer, Harold Pinter’s cinematic adaptation of a novel by John Fowles, and the impact of William James and Fyodor Dostoevsky on Ursula K. Le Guin. Some of my research is a kind of literary detection. She wrote the first scholarly articles about the mysterious “Victoria Cross” (whose dates—1868-1952—and actual name had never before been documented). Her long-term study of the life of Ayn Rand up to 1957 (i.e., from her birth in St. Petersburg, Russia, to the publication of her final novel, Atlas Shrugged) involves the examination of texts, the exploration of the relationships between texts, and archival detective work regarding the facts and principles of her public and private life.
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech		From Airtight to We the Living: The Drafts of Ayn Rand's First Novel.	N / A		2004 Lanham, MD Lexington	No	Composition	N / A
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech	E-Mail: dashiell@vt.edu. T: (540) 231-8462 Mail: 227 Shanks Hall 181 Turner St. NW Blacksburg, VA 24061	Three Inspirations for the Ideal Man: Cyrus Paltons; Enjolaras; and Cyrano de Bergerac.	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	Treatment of Ideal Man. Howard Roark comapred to Cyrano de Bergerac et. al.	N / A	SHOSHAN MILGRAM-KNAPP holds a Ph.D in Comparitive Literature from Stanford University and is Associate Professor of English at Virginia Tech. She has published articles on a variety of nineteenth-and-twentieth-century figures in French, Russian, and English / American literature, including Napoleon Bonaparte, Victor Hugo, George Sand, Anton Checkov, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoi, Victoria Cross, Goegre Eliot, John Fowles, W.S. Gilbert, Henry James, Ursula K. LeGuin, Vladimir Nabokov, Herbert Spencer, W.T. Stead, E.L. Voynich---and Ayn Rand. She is also the author of introductions to the editions of Toilers of the Sea and The Man Who Laughs, by Victor Hugo, and The Seafarers, by Nevil Shute. Her current project is a study of Ayn Rand's life up to 1957.
Dr. Shoshana Milgram-Knapp	Associate Professor of English at Virginnia Tech	E-Mail: dashiell@vt.edu. T: (540) 231-8462 Mail: 227 Shanks Hall 181 Turner St. NW Blacksburg, VA 24061	Three Inspirations for the Ideal Man: Cyrus Paltons, Enjolras, and Cyrano de Bergerac		Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No		N / A	Ph.D Comp. Lit. Stanford. Pub. Art. 19 th 20 th figures Fr. / Rus. / Eng. American Lit. Author Intro Toilers of Sea / Man Who Laughs / Seafarers. Studying AR's life till 1957.
Dr. Michael S. Berliner	Taught Philosophy of Education and Philosophy at California State University, Northridge	N / A	Howard Roark and Frank Lloyd Wright / The Fountainhead Review	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	Treatment of Film Fountainhead in Reviews	N / A	Michael S. Berliner holds a Ph.D. in philosophy from Boston University. He taught philosophy and philosophy of education for 15 years at California State University Northridge, then was the executive director of the Ayn Rand Insistute for its first fifeteen years (1985-2000). His publications include Letters of Ayn Rand (Dutton, 1995) and newspaper editorials on Columbus Day, environmentalism and the Hollywood Ten. He was a research consultant for the documentary Ayn Rand a sense of life.
Dr. Michael S. Berliner	Taught Philosophy of Education and Philosophy at California State University, Northridge.	N / A	Reviews of Anthem	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem.	2005. Lexington. Lanham MD.	No	Treatment of Anthem in Book Review.	N / A	N / A
Dr. Michael S. Berliner	Executive Director of the Ayn Rand Insistitute for 15 years	N / A	The Music of We the Living	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	2004. Lexington.	No	Treatment of Music	N / A	N / A
Dr. Michael S. Berliner	Wrote "Letters of Ayn Rand". Writes for Capitalism magazine	N / A	Reviews of We the Living	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	2004. Lexington. Lanham, MD.	No	Treatment of 'We the Living' in Book Review.	N / A	N / A
Richard E. Ralston	Former Managing Director of ARI / Former Circulation Director and Publishing Director Christian Science Monitor / Presently Executive Director of Americans for Free Choice in Medicine (Publishing Manager ARI)	E-mail: rralston@aynrand.org. T: (949) 222-6550 Wxt. 237	Publishing The Fountainhead	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No		B.A. History UMD. MA International Relations University of Southern California	RICHARD E. RALSTON received a B.A. in History from the University of Maryland after serving seven years in the U.S. Army. He then completed an M.A. in International Relations at the University of Southern California. He has been the Managing Director of the Ayn Rand Institute and Circulation Director and Publishing Director of the Christian Science Monitor. He is the editor of two books Communism: Its Rise and Fall in the 20th Centery and Why Businessmen Need Philosophy. He is presently the Executive Director of Americans for Free Choice in Medicine.
Richard E. Ralston	Former Managing Director of ARI / Former Circulation Director and Publishing Director Christian Science Monitor / Presently Executive Director of Americans for Free Choice in Medicine	E-mail: rralston@aynrand.org. T: (949) 222-6550 Wxt. 237	Publishing Anthem	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem	Lexington. Lanham MD. 2005	No		N / A	N / A
Richard E. Ralston	Former Managing Director of ARI / Former Circulation Director and Publishing Director Christian Science Monitor / Presently Executive Director of Americans for Free Choice in Medicine	E-mail: rralston@aynrand.org. T: (949) 222-6550 Wxt. 237	Publishing We the Living	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	Lexington. Lanham MD. 2004	No	Publishing History	N / A	N / A
Jeff Briting	Archivist AR Archives.	E-Mail: jbritting@aynrand.org	Adapting The Fountainhead Film	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	Jeff Britting is one of the leading authorities on Ayn Rand’s life and cultural impact. A filmmaker whose work includes Ayn Rand: A Sense of Life, a 1997 Academy Award™ nominee for Best Documentary Feature, he is the author of the 2004 short biography Ayn Rand, the first biographical work based on unrestricted access to the Ayn Rand Papers (held at the Ayn Rand Archives). Mr. Britting is curator of the Ayn Rand Archives at ARI.	In 2013 Mr. Britting’s stage adaptation of Rand’s novel Anthem ran Off-Broadway in New York City at the Baryshnikov Art Center’s Jerome Robbins Theater. His stage, film and written works have been reviewed by The New York Times, The New Yorker, The New York Observer,High Performance, Drama-Logue, Los Angeles Times, The Hollywood Reporter, Daily Variety, The Washington Post and the London Review of Books. He has been interviewed by the The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, Casa Vogue, the San Francisco Examiner and has appeared on BBC, NPR, C-SPAN and numerous other radio programs nationally.	Author illustrated biography AR. Devlp. & Prod. AR: Sense of Life. Co Prod. Stage Prds. AR Ideal and Anthem. Mr. Britting specializes in Ayn Rand’s intellectual development and her cultural/esthetic impact. He has curated manuscript exhibits at the Los Angeles Public Library; Nabokov House in St. Petersburg, Russia; and Chapman University. Mr. Britting received a BA in philosophy from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1982.
Jeff Briting	Archivist AR Archives.	E-Mail: jbritting@aynrand.org	Anthem and the Individualist Manifesto	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem. Lanham, MD.	Lexington books. Lanham MD 2005.	No		N / A	The Fountainhead (1943)
Jeff Briting	Archivist AR Archives.	E-Mail: jbritting@aynrand.org	Adapting Anthem: Projects that Were and Might Have Been	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem. Lanham, MD.	Lexington books. Lanham MD 2005.	No		N / A	Anthem (1938 rev. 1946)
Jeff Briting	Archivist AR Archives.	E-Mail: jbritting@aynrand.org	Ayn Rand	N / A	Ayn Rand	Overlook Duckworth. 2004.	No		N / A	Contents: Looking Out; Important Things; Freedom to Write; The Ideal; The Real; The Strike; A Philosophy for Living on Earth; In His Own Image.
Jeff Briting	Archivist AR Archives.	E-Mail: jbritting@aynrand.org	Adapting We the Living	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living.	2004 Lexington Books. Lanham, MD.	No		N / A	Dramatic Adaptation. Film Adaptation.
Tore Boeckmann	Editor of AR's Art of Fiction. Writer in Buffalo, NY	E-Mail: loevborg62@roadrunner.com Facebook Instant Messager: @toreboeckmann	The Fountainhead as a Romantic Novel / What Might Be and Ought to Be: Aristotle's Poetics and The Fountainhead	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No		N / A	Tore Boeckmann: Writer Short Stories. Published Several Languages. Ed. Art of Fiction. Lectured AR's Esthetics America & Europe. Tore Boeckmann’s mystery short stories have been published and anthologized in several languages. He is the editor of Ayn Rand’s The Art of Fiction and has lectured on literary esthetics and current affairs in Europe and America. His recent publications include “The Fountainhead as a Romantic Novel” and “What Might Be and Ought to Be: Aristotle’s Poetics and The Fountainhead” in Essays on Ayn Rand’s The Fountainhead, as well as “Anthem as a Psychological Fantasy” in Essays on Ayn Rand’s Anthem (both collections edited by Robert Mayhew).
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com	Understanding the "Rape" Scene in The Fountainhead	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No		N / A	Website: www.andrewbernstein.net.
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com	Ayn Rand for Beginers	N / A	Ayn Rand for Beginers	2009	No		N / A	BIO:
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	Mailing: The Ayn Rand Institute, 4640 Admiralty Way, Suite 406, Marina del Rey, California 90292 E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com	Anthem and Collectivist Regression Into Primitivism	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem	2005. Lexington Books. Lanham MD.	No		N / A	Andrew Bernstein holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from the Graduate School of the City University of New York. He has taught Philosophy at the State University of New York at Purchase, Marist College, Hunter College, the State University of New York at New Paltz, and other New York-area universities. He was selected as “Teacher of the Year” at both SUNY Purchase—and at Marymount College. In 2016-17, he was a Visiting Professor at the American University in Bulgaria (AUBG), where he taught Business Ethics.
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	Mailing: The Ayn Rand Institute, 4640 Admiralty Way, Suite 406, Marina del Rey, California 90292. E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com	The Integration of Plot and Theme in We the Living	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	2004. Lexington Books. Lanham MD.	No		N / A	He lectures regularly on college campuses, including at Harvard University, Stanford University, the University of Chicago, Yale University, the United States Military Academy at West Point, Columbia University, UCLA, Georgia Tech, Northwestern University, and numerous others. He speaks at many other venues, including—but not limited to—Objectivist conferences, Students For Liberty (SFL) conferences, and events sponsored by the Foundation for Economic Education (FEE), the Institute for Humane Studies (IHS), the Clemson Institute for the Study of Capitalism (CISC), and the Bastiat Society. Internationally, he has lectured in England, the Czech Republic, Belgium, Holland, Norway, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Canada, Israel, Bermuda, Guatemala, Armenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Moldova, the Bahamas, and additional countries. His areas of expertise include Objectivism, Ayn Rand’s novels, the nature of heroism, the history of capitalism and its moral superiority to other systems, and application of the principle of individual rights to a broad array of topical issues, including health care, abortion, gun ownership, immigration, and the war on drugs. He also lectures at high schools, both in the New York area and nationally, regarding Ayn Rand’s novels and philosophy.
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	Mailing: The Ayn Rand Institute, 4640 Admiralty Way, Suite 406, Marina del Rey, California 90292 E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com	Cliff Notes Fountainhead	N / A		Hungry Minds. 2000.			N / A	Andrew Bernstein is the author of The Capitalist Manifesto: The Historic, Economic, and Philosophic Case for Laissez-Faire (University Press of America, 2005), Objectivism in One Lesson: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Ayn Rand (Hamilton Books, 2008), Capitalism Unbound: The Incontestable Moral Case for Individual Rights (University Press of America, 2010), and Capitalist Solutions: A Philosophy of American Moral Dilemmas (Transaction Publishers, 2011). Additionally, he has published numerous essays, many in The Objective Standard, for which he is a contributing editor, and many in other publications, including op-ed essays for Forbes.com. His op-eds have appeared in—among other newspapers— the Chicago Tribune, the Washington Times, and the Detroit Free Press. In 2013-14, he was the Hayek Research Fellow at the Clemson Institute for the Study of Capitalism at Clemson University, where he taught courses in Economics and in Political Science and, principally, researched and wrote the first draft of his forthcoming book, Heroes and Hero Worship: An Examination of the Nature and Importance of Heroism.
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	Mailing: The Ayn Rand Institute, 4640 Admiralty Way, Suite 406, Marina del Rey, California 90292 E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com	Cliff Notes Anthem	N / A		Hungry Minds.			N / A	His new novel, A Dearth of Eagles, published in May 2017, tells the story of a Bulgarian writer/freedom fighter in 1988-89, who struggles resolutely to help dissidents escape from Communism to freedom—and even more resolutely to publish serious stories about heroes in a modernist literary culture that rejects heroism for anti-heroism.
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	Mailing: The Ayn Rand Institute, 4640 Admiralty Way, Suite 406, Marina del Rey, California 90292 E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com	Cliff Notes Atlas Shrugged	N / A		Hungry Minds. 2000.			N / A	Dr. Bernstein formerly co-hosted a weekly blogtalk radio program, Objectively Speaking, and has been interviewed on hundreds of radio shows—including by such legends as Barry Farber, Bob Grant, Mark Scott, and others—and appeared on several prominent TV news shows, including Neil Cavuto’s.
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	Mailing: The Ayn Rand Institute, 4640 Admiralty Way, Suite 406, Marina del Rey, California 90292 E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com		N / A	Heart of a Pagan				N / A	Andrew Bernstein, holds a Ph.D. in philosophy from the Graduate School of the City University of New York. He teaches philosophy at Pace University, the State University of New York at Purchase, and formerly at Marymount College in Tarrytown, New York---which presented him its "Outstanding Teacher" award in 1995. He has also lectured at Hunter College, Long Island University, the New School for Social Research, and has given addresses at Harvard, Stanford, Northwestern, Chicago, Michigan, Wisconsin, Columbia, and the United States Military Academy at West Point. His first novel, Heart of a Pagan, was published in Fall 2001 by The Paper Tiger. Dr. Bernstein's articles have also appeared in Ideas on Liberty, The Intellectual Activist, ART Ideas, The Chicago Tribune, The Houston Chronicle, The Baltimore Sun, and The Atlanta Constitution. He is also the author of CliffsNotes for three Ayn Rand titles: Anthem, The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged, and of the forthcoming Capitalist Manifesto, an examination of the historical success of capitalism and of the philosophical and economic principles that explain it.
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com		N / A	A Dearth of Eagles				N / A	N / A
Andrew Bernstein	PhD. Philosophy C.U.N.Y. Taught at Pace U and S.U.N.Y. Purchase	E-Mail: andyswoop@gmail.com	The Freedom Gradient in Ayn Rand's Novels (Book Article)	N / A	Capitalism and Commerce in Imaginative Literature: Perspectives on Business in Novels and Plays	2016 Lexington Books	No	Treatment of Protagonist; Liberty; Relationship to Economic Value	N / A	Series: Capitalist Thought: Studies in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics
Robert Mayhew	Prof. Philo. Seton Hall.	Mail: Seton Hall University. Department of Philodophy South Orange, NJ 07079 Fahy Hall Room 311. T: (973) 761-9000 X5188. E-Mails: experts@aynrand.org. robert.mayhew@shu.edu	Humor in The Fountainhead	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No		Author Aristotle's Criticism of Plato's Republic, the Female in Aristotle's Biology, & AR Song of Russia. Translator play Aristophanes (Assembly of Women). Ed. AR's Marginalia, Art Nonfiction, AR Answers. Ph.D Georgetown University. M.A. Georgetown university. B.A. University of Maryland.	ROBERT MAYHEW is a Professor of Philosophy at Seton Hall University. He is the author of Aristotle's Criticism of Plato's Republic, The Female in Aristotle's Biology, and Ayn Rand and Song of Russia. He has translated a play of Aristophanes (Assembly of Women), and edited three volumes of unpublished material on Ayn Rand: Ayn Rand's Marginalia, The Art of Nonfiction, and Ayn Rand Answers.
Robert Mayhew	Prof. Philo. Seton Hall.	N / A	Anthem '38 & 46'	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem	2005	No		N / A	Textual Revision and Publishing History
Robert Mayhew	Prof. Philo. Seton Hall.	N / A	Kira Argnouva Laughed: Humor and Joy in We the Living	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	2004. Lanham. Lexington Books.	No		N / A	Humor. Relationship to U.S.S.R.
John B. Bayer	M.A. Philo U Illinois Urbana-Champaign. ABD PhD U Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Teacher Philo U Illinois. Specilist Epistemology.	Livrs in Burbank California	The Fountainhead and the Spirit of Youth	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No		N / A	JOHN BAYER holds an M.A. in Philosophy from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, where he is completinig his Ph.D. dissertation and has taught Philosophy. He specializes in epistemology.
Onkar Ghate	PhD. Philosophy University of Calagry. Senior Fellow ARI. Teacher Philopsophy Inst. Object. Academic Cntr. Senior fellow and chief content officer at the Ayn Rand Insistute.	E-Mail: oghate@aynrand.org	The Basic Motivation of the Creators and the Masses in The Fountainhead	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	Treatment of Goodness; evil	N / A	ONKAR GHATE holds a Ph.D in Philosophy from the University of Calagry. He is a Senior Fellow at the Ayn Rand Institute where he specializes in Ayn Rand's philosophy of objectivism and teaches Philosophy in the institute's Objectivist Academic Center. Recent publications include "Postmodernism's Kantian Roots," (coauthored with Dr. Edwin Locke) "Objectivism: The Proper Alternative to Postmodernism," and an entry on Ayn Rand in the Encyclopeida of Science, Technology, and Ethics
Onkar Ghate	PhD. Philosophy University of Calagry. Senior Fellow ARI. Teacher Philopsophy Inst. Object. Academic Cntr.	E-Mail: oghate@aynrand.org	Breaking the Metaphysical Chains of Dictatorship: Free Will and Determinism in Anthem.	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	Treatment of Free Will; determinism; collectivism		Specilist AR's philosophy of Objectivism. Recent Publications: "Post Modernism's Kantanian Roots, Objectivism: The Proper Alternative to Postmodernism." Wrote encyclopedia entry on AR in Encylo. Of Science, Tch, Ethics.
Onkar Ghate	PhD. Philosophy University of Calagry. Senior Fellow ARI. Teacher Philopsophy Inst. Object. Academic Cntr.	E-Mail: oghate@aynrand.org	The Death Premise in We the Living and Atlas Shrugged	N / A	2004. Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living. Lanham, MD. Lexington Books.	2004	Yes	Treatment of Collectivism. Idealogy. Of Death.	N / A	Specilist AR's philosophy of Objectivism. Recent Publications: "Post Modernism's Kantanian Roots, Objectivism: The Proper Alternative to Postmodernism." Wrote encyclopedia entry on AR in Encylo. Of Science, Tch, Ethics.
Tara Smith	Prf. Philo. UT Austin.	E-Mail: tara@austin.utexas.edu. T: 512-471-6777. Office: WAG 231. Campus Mail Code: C3500. The College of Liberal Arts The University of Texas at Austin 116 Inner Campus Dr Stop G6000 Austin, TX 78712	Unborrowed Vision: Independence and Egoism in The Fountainhead	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	Treatment of Self-reliance; relationship to egoism.	N / A	PhD. John's Hopkins. Holds Anthem Foundation Fellowship for the Study of Objectivism. Specialist moral, political, and legal philosophy. Author: AR's Normative Ethics, Moral Rights and Political Freedom, A Study of Life as the Root and Reward of Morality.
Tara Smith	Prf. Philo. UT Austin.	E-Mail: tara@austin.utexas.edu. T: 512-471-6777. Office: WAG 231. Campus Mail Code: C3500. The College of Liberal Arts The University of Texas at Austin 116 Inner Campus Dr Stop G6000 Austin, TX 78712	Forbidding Life to Those Still Living	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living (Ed. and Preface Robert Mayhew)	2004. Lexington. Lanham.	No.	Treatment of Social Relations. Collectivism. The Masses.	N / A	TARA SMITH is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin, where she currently holds the Anthem Foundation Fellowship for the Study of Objectivism. She is the author of Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics: The Virtuous Egoist, Viable Values: A Study of Life as the Root and Reward of Morality, and Moral Rights and Political Freedom.
Dina Schein	Visiting Assistant Professor at Auburn University.	R.I.P. (1969-2016) Cancer	Roark's Integrity	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	N / A	N / A	DIANA SCHEIN holds a Ph.D in Philosophy from the University of Texas at Austin and is Visting Assistant Professor at Auburn University. She has translated Ayn Rand's Russian Writings on Hollywood and is currently translating Russian correspondence written to Ayn Rand in the 1920's and 1930's. She regularly lectures on topics in ethics and in literature, and on Ayn Rand's years in Russia.
Amy Peikoff	Assisant Prof. Philo US Air Force Academy . Assoicate professor of law. Research Fellow for the Study of Objectivism.	E-mail: apeikoff@swlaw.edu T: 213-738-6803 Office: BW345	A Moral Dynamiting	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	N / A	N / A	J.D. U Cali., L.A., Law. PhD. Philo U Southern Cali. Wirtten art. Law & Philo journals and newspapers. Research Interests: Right to privacy theories of judicial interpretation and Christian Ethics. An accomplished scholar on objectivism and privacy law.
Amy Peikoff	Assisant Prof. Philo US Air Force Academy	E-mail: apeikoff@swlaw.edu T: 213-738-6803 Office: BW345	Freedom of Dissassociation in Anthem	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem.	2005	No		N / A	J.D. U Cali., L.A., Law. PhD. Philo U Southern Cali. Wirtten art. Law & Philo journals and newspapers. Research Interests: Right to privacy theories of judicial interpretation and Christian Ethics.
Leonard Peikoff (Endorser)	A.R.'s Intellectual and Legal Heir	Website: www.peikoff.com	ENDORSER	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead (Lexington Books: Lanham, MD)	2007	No	N / A	N / A	Ph.D. Philo. New York University. Worked AR 30 years. Taught Philo. Hunter College, Long island University, New York University. Lectures Rand's philosophy throughout country. Author of Ominious Parralells, Objectivism: Philosophy of AR, and Dim Hypothesis.
Jerome Christensen	Professor of English School of Humanities. U of Cali. Irvine.	Email: jchris@uci.edu. T: (949) 824-9046. F: (949) 824-2916. Mail: University of California, Irvine. 473 Krieger Hall. Mail Code: 2650. Irvine, CA 92697.	Studio Authorship, Warner Bros., and The Fountainhead	Velvet Light Trap (University of Texas Press)	N / A	2006 (Spring)	No	American Literature / The Fountainhead / Film Adaptation / Studio System / Warner Bros	N / A	JEROME CHRISTENSEN is chair of the English Department at the University of California, Irvine. He is also the euthor of Lord Byron's Strength: Romantic Writing and Commercial Society. Born: 1948. Education: Cornell University Awards: Guggenheim Fellowship for Humanities, US & Canada
Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal	Professor Emeritus of History. Fordham U: The Jesuit University of NY	Email: rosenthal@fordham.edu. Office: Dealy Hall 617. T: 718-817-3936.	The Russian Subtext of Atlas Shrugged and The Fountainhead	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall	No	Subtext / Relationship to Russia	Ayn Rand projected her experiences in Russia onto an American canvas. The collapse of the economy described in Atlas Shrugged actually happened in Russia between 1916 and 1921. The economic and political policies of the government in the novel resemble those of the Bolsheviks in the first decade of their rule. The protagonists of Atlas Shrugged reject Russian values and ideals, especially the mystique of suffering and self-sacrifice. The subtext of The Fountainhead is the intellectual and cultural milieu of the 1920s, the paradigmatic role of architecture, and the spiritual collectivism of prominent Christian opponents of "materialistic" Bolshevism.	Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal is a Professor of History, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458. She received her Ph.D. in History at the University of California at Berkeley in 1970. She teaches Russian/Soviet History and Intellectual History of Europe, and has published widely on Russian intellectual and cultural history from the late nineteenth century to the present. She has edited anthologies such as Nietzsche in Russia (Princeton University Press) and Nietzsche and Soviet Culture: Ally and Adversary (Cambridge University Press), and is the author of New Myth, New World: From Nietzsche to Stalinism (Pennsylvania State University Press).
Robert L. Powell	LeMoyne-Owen College in Memphis Tenessee. Assistant Professor of English	Mail: LeMoyne-Owen College 807 Walker Ave Memphis TN 38126 Main Telephone: (901) 435-1000	Ayn Rand's Heroes: Between and Beyond Good and Evil	N / A	N / A	2006	Yes: Abstract # DA3252159	Relationship to cultural context / Literary tradition	N / A	ROBERT L. POWELL is a Doctor of Philosophy with a degree in English from Florida State University. He is Assistant Professor of English at LeMoyne-Owen College in Memphis, Tennessee. His dissertation is entitled Ayn Rand's Heroes: Between and Beyond Good and Evil.
Peter Saint-Andre	Indpendent Scholar. Lives in Denver Colorado. Executive Director Jabber Software Foundation. Poet, Musician, translator, & Essayist.	"Lives in Parker, Colorado."	Image and Integration in Ayn Rand's Descriptive Style	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring	No	Description. Imagery.	Saint-Andre diverts attention from the ideological content of Ayn Rand's novels to focus on their sometimes startling literary qualities. In particular, Saint-Andre analyses Rand's use of traditional stylistic and rhetorical devices (metaphor, simile, word choice, assonance, alliteration) and examines the integration of certain passages of pure description into the broader themes of Rand's novels We The Living, The Fountainhead, and Atlas Shrugged.	Peter Saint-Andre is an independent scholar living in Denver, Colorado. When not working as Executive Director of the Jabber Software Foundation, he is also active as a poet, musician, translator, and essayist.
Peter Saint-Andre	Indpendent Scholar. Lives in Denver Colorado. Executive Director Jabber Software Foundation. Poet, Musician, translator, & Essayist.	"Lives in Parker, Colorado."	Conceptualism in Abelard and Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall; 4 (1)	No	Treatment of knowledge. Conceptualism. Objectivism. Relationship to Pierre Abelard.	The author provides textual evidence that calls into question Ayn Rand's characterization of conceptualism as simply a kind of nominalism, as well as her claim that her theory of knowledge is a sui generis "Objectivism" rather than a form of conceptualism.	Degree holder: Philosophy and Ancient Greek.
Peter Saint-Andre	Indpendent Scholar. Lives in Denver Colorado. Executive Director Jabber Software Foundation. Poet, Musician, translator, & Essayist.	Lives in Parker, Colorado.	Nietzsche, Rand, and Ethics of the Great Task.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2009 Spring; 10 (2)	No	Treatment of Work. Relationship to Ethics. Sources in Fredrich Willhelm Nietzche.	This essay traces a trajectory of ethical thought from Epicurus through Friedrich Nietzsche to Ayn Rand. Nietzsche originally celebrated Epicureanism as a form of refined heroism but subsequently repudiated Epicurus for being overly concerned with mere happiness. Out of Nietzsche’s turn away from Epicurus came a focus on the nobility of creative work, which provided a springboard for Rand’s ethics of productivity and achievement.	Degree holder: Philosophy and Ancient Greek.
Nicholas Dykes	British / Canadian Philosophical Writer	E-Mail: nick@nicholasdykes.com	Ayn Rand in England	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Spring	No	Reception Study / Reception / In England.	Dykes reports that Ayn Rand has never had anything approaching the same success in England that she has had in the United States. Nevertheless, her work has established a definite niche in most of the main media of communication, and in recent years has begun to receive more attention. This article traces Rand's impact in the British Isles since 1937, and suggests some reasons why she did not repeat her American triumphs "across the pond."	Nicholas Dykes is a British/Canadian writer currently living in England, is the author of "Debunking Popper: A Critique of Karl Popper's Critical Rationalism," Reason Papers(Fall 1999); Mrs Logic and the Law: A Critique of Ayn Rand's View of Government (London: Libertarian Alliance, 1998); A Tangled Web of Guesses: A Critical Assessment of the Philosophy of Karl Popper (London: Libertarian Alliance, 1996); Fed Up with Government? (Hereford UK: Four Nations, 1991); and "The Facts of Reality: Logic and History in Objectivist Debates about Government" (forthcoming, The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies).
Lucinda Kaukas Havenhand	Asst. Prof. Environmental and Interior Design. Collaborative Design. Syracuse University.	Mail: Syracuse University. 6 th Flr. The Nancy Cantor Warehouse. Syracuse, NY 13244-1010. T: 315-443-2455. Email: lkhavenh@syr.edu.	The 'Dream House' and Constructions of Masculinity in 1940's American Literature	N / A	Objects, Audencies, and Literatures: Alternative Narratives in the History of Design	2007 (Cambridge Scholars Publishing)	No	The Fountainhead. House Building. Treatment of Masculinity. Relationship to postwarperiod.	N / A	Lucinda K. Havenhand is a designer, design historian, and theorist whose research considers the larger connections between design and culture.
Algis Valiunas	New Atlantis. Contr. Ed. Fellow Ethics & Public Policy Center.	N / A	Who Needs Ayn Rand?	Commentary (Journal)	N / A	2005 Sept.	No	The Fountainhead. Treatment of Ideal Man. Relationship to Modenity. Reason. Morality.	N / A	Saul Bellow was his dissertation adviser in the Committee on Social Thought.
Slavoj Zizek	Doctor of Arts (Philosophy)	Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut, Goethestrasse 31, 45128 Essen, Germany,	The Actuality of Ayn Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Spring	No	The Fountainhead. Treatment of Subjectivity. Male Protagonist.	Zizek argues that Rand's fascination for male figures displaying absolute, unswayable determination of their Will, seems to offer the best imaginable confirmation of Sylvia Plath's famous line, "every woman adores a Fascist." But the properly subversive dimension of Rand's ideological procedure is not to be underestimated: Rand fits into the line of 'overconformist' authors who undermine the ruling ideological edifice by their very excessive identification with it. Her over-orthodoxy was directed at capitalism itself; for Rand, the truly heretic thing today is to embrace the basic premise of capitalism without its sugar-coating.	Slavoj Zizek earned his Doctor of Arts (Philosophy, 1981) at the Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Arts, Ljubljana; Doctor of Arts (psychoanalysis, 1985) at the Universite Paris-VIII. From April 2000, he has directed a research group at the Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut, Essen. Politically active in the alternative movement in Slovenia during the 1980s, he was a candidate for the presidency of the Republic of Slovenia in the first multi-party elections in 1990. He was also Ambassador of Science of the Republic of Slovenia in 1991. From 1997, he has regularly contributed to the feuilletons of German newspapers( Die Zeit, Sueddeutsche Zeitung, Frankfurter Rundschau). His recent publications include The Ticklish Subject (London: Verso, 1999); The Fragile Absolute (London: Verso, 2000); Did Somebody Say Totalitarianism? (London: Verso, 2001); and On Belief (London: Routledge, 2001).
Gene H. Bell-Villada	Professor of Romance Languages. Williams College	T: 413-597-2045. Address: Williams College. Hollander Hall, Rm 134. 85 Mission Park Drive, Williamstown MA 01267 E-Mail: gbell@williams.edu	Four Discourses, Four Subjects	N / A	Cogito and the Unconcious (Duke University Press Books)	1998	No	The Fountainhead. Treatment of Sexual Difference. Relationship to Subjectivity. Signifier. Compared to Film. Discourse Analysis. Theories of Jacques Lacan.	N / A	American literary critque, novelist, translator, and memorist with strong interests in Latin American writing, Modernism, and Magic Realism.
Gene H. Bell-Villada	Professor of Romance Languages. Williams College	T: 413-597-2045. Address: Williams College. Hollander Hall, Rm 134. 85 Mission Park Drive, Williamstown MA 01267 E-Mail: gbell@williams.edu	Who Was Ayn Rand?	Salmagundi	N / A	2004 Winter-Spring	No	The Fountainhead. Role of Ideology. Relationship to Reception.	N / A	N / A
Gene H. Bell-Villada	Professor of Romance Languages. Williams College	T: 413-597-2045. Address: Williams College. Hollander Hall, Rm 134. 85 Mission Park Drive, Williamstown MA 01267 E-Mail: gbell@williams.edu	On Nabokov, Ayn Rand, and the Libertarian Mind: What the Russian-American Odd Pair Can Tell Us about Some Values, Myths and Manians Widely Held Most Dear.	N / A	On Nabokov, Ayn Rand, and the Libertarian Mind: What the Russian-American Odd Pair Can Tell Us about Some Values, Myths and Manians Widely Held Most Dear.	2013. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.	No	Vladimir Nabokov. Treatment of Libertarianism. Compared to Ayn Rand.	N / A	N / A
Gene H. Bell-Villada	Professor of Romance Languages. Williams College	T: 413-597-2045. Address: Williams College. Hollander Hall, Rm 134. 85 Mission Park Drive, Williamstown MA 01267 E-Mail: gbell@williams.edu	Nordau's Degeneration and Tolstoy's What is Art? Still Live.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	2001 Spring. 2 (2): 291-97.	N / A	No	Treatment of art. Aesthetics. Compared to Michelle Marder: What is Art: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand. Amongst Many Others.	Bell-Villada argues that What Art Is, by Torres and Kamhi, opens with a useful exposition of Rand's aesthetic theories. Unfortunately, once that task is completed, the book becomes mostly a rant against the twentieth century avant-garde, with little in the way of suggested alternatives. Though they offer a causal explanation for Modernism as the product of its practitioners' schizophrenia, they make no attempt at a socio-historical accounting for the emergence and triumph of vanguard art. Their dislike of the bleakness of much Modernist literature shows a lack of understanding of the dark times in which its authors lived.	Gene H. Bell-Villada is a Professor (and former Chair), Department of Romance Languages, Weston Hall, Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts 01267. He has published essays, reviews, fiction, and satires in numerous journals, including The New York Times Book Review, The New Republic, In These Times, Monthly Review, Commonweal, Salmagundi, Triquarterly, and The Nation. His books on Borges and on Garc¡rquez are now standard classroom items, and his Art for Art's Sake and Literary Life was a finalist for the 1997 National Book Critics Circle Award. He has also published two books of fiction, The Carlos Chadwick Mystery and The Pianist Who Liked Ayn Rand: A Novella & 13 Stories.
Gene H. Bell-Villada	Professor of Romance Languages. Williams College	T: 413-597-2045. Address: Williams College. Hollander Hall, Rm 134. 85 Mission Park Drive, Williamstown MA 01267 E-Mail: gbell@williams.edu	Nabokov and Rand: Kindred Ideological Spirits, Divergent Literary Aims.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001: Fall	No		Bell-Villada argues that despite major differences in aesthetic, Nabokov and Rand share ideological attitudes resulting from their Russian émigré pasts. Both rejected "social" criteria for judgment and set out to build counter-models to socially oriented values. In their respective spheres, both were absolute purists, and as harsh and uncompromising as the Soviets they despised. Bell-Villada discusses his own relationship to Nabokov and Rand. "Hooked" on Nabokov in the 1960s, he later turned against and seriously criticized him. And, in reaction to America's formulaic individualism, he satirizes Rand in his own published stories.	Gene H. Bell-Villada is a Professor (and former Chair), Department of Romance Languages, Weston Hall, Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts 01267. He has published essays, reviews, fiction, and satires in numerous journals, including The New York Times Book Review, The New Republic, In These Times, Monthly Review, Commonweal, Salmagundi, Triquarterly, and The Nation. His books on Borges and on García Marquez are now standard classroom items, and his Art for Art's Sake and Literary Life was a finalist for the 1997 National Book Critics Circle Award. He has also published two books of fiction, The Carlos Chadwick Mystery and The Pianist Who Liked Ayn Rand: A Novella & 13 Stories.
John Enright	Playwright and poet	N / A	Guilty by Omission: Girding The Fountainhead For The Cold War	Literature Film Quarterly (LFQ)	N / A	1999	No	Ayn Rand. The Fountainhead. For Film Adaptation. Relationship to Cold War. Committee on Un-American Activities (US House of Representatives).	N / A	N / A
John Enright	Former Research Fellow at Hoover Inst. Prof. Emeritus Philosophy Auburn University (Alabama). Holds Chair Bus. Ethics and Free Enterprise at Agyros School of Bus. & Eco. Chapman University.	N / A	Art: What a Concept.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring	No	Ayn Rand. Treatment of Art. Asthetics. Cognition. Esthetic Theory of AR.	Enright examines difficulties in Rand's concept of art, particularly in light of fundamental issues raised about architecture by Torres and Kamhi in their book, What Art Is. Neither architecture nor music presents a "re-creation" in the narrow sense of the term. Rand insists at times that art cannot involve utilitarian function, but elsewhere sees such functions as compatible with aesthetic effect. Enright argues for the aesthetic power of architecture. In evaluating an alternative definition of art, he views the concept as invaluable to our understanding of a profound human need.	John Enright is a poet and computer consultant. He has written and lectured on many aspects of the aesthetics of poetry. His essays have appeared inObjectivity, Full Context, Objectively Speaking and Nomos. He is the author of Starbound And Other Poems (Axton).
Tibor R. Machan	Auburn University Philosophy Professor. Emeritus. Hungarian / American Philosopher. Hoover Institute Reasearch Fellow. Adjunct Scholar Cato Insistute. Ludwig Von Mises Insistute.	General Contact: Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849 (334) 844-400	Ayn Rand: A Contemporary Heretic?	Occasional Review: A Journal of Contemporary Thought in the Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences	N / A	1976	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1982). American Literature.	N / A	N / A
Tibor R. Machan	Auburn University Philosophy Professor. Emeritus. Hungarian / American Philosopher. Hoover Institute Reasearch Fellow. Adjunct Scholar Cato Insistute. Ludwig Von Mises Insistute.	General Contact: Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849 (334) 844-4000	Reason, Individualism, and Capitalism: The Moral Vision of AR		The Philosophic Though of Ayn Rand Urbana U Illinois P	1984	No	Treatment of Capitalism, Individualism, & Morality	N / A	Tibor R. Machan is the Distinguished Fellow and Professor at the Leatherby Center of Chapman University, Argyros School of Business and Economics, Orange, California 92866. He is also Professor Emeritus at Auburn University's Department of Philosophy and Research Fellow at the Hoover Institution (Stanford, California). He has written, among other works, Ayn Rand (Peter Lang, 1999), Generosity: Virtue in the Civil Society (Cato Institute, 1998), and Classical Individualism: The Supreme Importance of Each Human Being (Routledge, 1998). He is editor of the series "Philosophic Reflections on a Free Society" at the Hoover Institution Press.
Tibor R. Machan	Auburn University Philosophy Professor. Emeritus. Hungarian / American Philosopher. Hoover Institute Reasearch Fellow. Adjunct Scholar Cato Insistute. Ludwig Von Mises Insistute.	General Contact: Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849 (334) 844-4000	Teaching of Ayn Rand's Version of Ethical Egoism	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Fall 3 (1)	No	Teaching Approaches. Ethics of Egoism. Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology. The Virtue of Selfishness.	Machan explores how to present Rand's ethics in an introductory college course on moral philosophy. Despite their inclusion in some textbooks, Rand's ideas often get misrepresented. For example, James Rachels' work treats her as a subjective egoist, ignoring Rand's own focus on human nature and the individual's identity in the formulation of guidelines to personal conduct. In teaching Rand's ethical egoism, Machan examines several metaethical topics, including the nature of ethical knowledge, the challenges to such knowledge posed by Hume's and Moore's arguments, and a comparative analysis with conventionalism, naturalism, intuitionism, subjectivism, and rationalism.	Tibor R. Machan holds the R. C. Hoiles Chair in Business Ethics and Free Enterprise at the Argyros School of Business & Economics, Chapman University, Orange, California 29866. His most recent book is The Morality of Business: A Profession of Wealthcare (Springer, 2007).
Tibor R. Machan	Auburn University Philosophy Professor. Emeritus. Hungarian / American Philosopher. Hoover Institute Reasearch Fellow. Adjunct Scholar Cato Insistute. Ludwig Von Mises Insistute.	General Contact: Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849 (334) 844-4000	Free Will Reconsidered	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall 4 (1)	No	Treatment of Objectivism Philosophy. Free Will.	Machan argues that William Dwyer's review of his book, Initiative: Human Agency and Society (The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Fall 2001), assumes that compatibilism is coherent. Machan argues that compatibilism is simply hard determinism with some soft edges but as such it is not coherent. In light of this, the agent-causation-based thesis of human initiative (or freedom of the human will) that Machan defends is superior to its alternatives.	Tibor R. Machan holds the R. C. Hoiles Chair in Business Ethics and Free Enterprise at the Argyros School of Business & Economics, Chapman University, Orange, California 29866. His most recent book is The Morality of Business: A Profession of Wealthcare (Springer, 2007).
Tibor R. Machan	Auburn University Philosophy Professor. Emeritus. Hungarian / American Philosopher. Hoover Institute Reasearch Fellow. Adjunct Scholar Cato Insistute. Ludwig Von Mises Insistute.	General Contact: Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849 (334) 844-4000	Rand and Choice	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring 7 (2)	No	Treatment of Ethics. Relationship to objectivism.	N / A	N / A
Tibor R. Machan	Auburn University Philosophy Professor. Emeritus. Hungarian / American Philosopher. Hoover Institute Reasearch Fellow. Adjunct Scholar Cato Insistute. Ludwig Von Mises Insistute.	General Contact: Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849 (334) 844-4000	Rand on Hume's Moral Skepticism	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Spring; 9 (2)	No	Treatment of Moral Judgment Compared to David Hume	This brief discussion argues that Ayn Rand misconstrued David Hume's famous "is/ought" gap, just as innumerable others have. Hume objected to deducing ought claims (or judgments or statements) from is claims and not to deriving the former from the latter. He was silent about this but his own work in ethics and politics suggests that he would agree that one can infer ethical, moral or political beliefs from an understanding of facts (such as those of history).	Tibor R. Machan holds the R. C. Hoiles Chair in Business Ethics and Free Enterprise at the Argyros School of Business & Economics, Chapman University, Orange, California 29866. His most recent book is The Morality of Business: A Profession of Wealthcare (Springer, 2007).
Tibor R Machan	Auburn University Philosophy Professor. Emeritus. Hungarian / American Philosopher. Hoover Institute Reasearch Fellow. Adjunct Scholar Cato Insistute. Ludwig Von Mises Insistute.	General Contact: Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36849 (334) 844-4000	A Brief Comment on Hartford	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Spring; 8 (2)	No	Objectivity and the Proof of Egoism	In response to Robert Hartford's criticisms of his Spring 2006 Journal of Ayn Rand Studies essay, "Rand and Choice," Machan reiterates the main point: Prior to the choice to live/think, a human being cannot be aware of any principle of ethics. So the choice to live/think cannot rest on such a principle. Only once that choice has been made, however incrementally, gradually, by fits and starts, can one be rationally expected to live a principled life.	Tibor R. Machan holds the R. C. Hoiles Chair in Business Ethics and Free Enterprise at the Argyros School of Business & Economics, Chapman University, Orange, California 29866. His most recent book is The Morality of Business: A Profession of Wealthcare (Springer, 2007).
Phillip Gordon	University of Colorado. Visting Assistant Professor of English.	N / A	Ayn Rand in the Stockyard of the Spirit	N / A	The Modern American Novel and the Movies. Frank Ungar Publishing Company	1978	No	Dramatic Arts / Media / Film	N / A	Philip Gordon, Visiting Assistant Professor of English at the University of Colorado, is presently completing his book, Fitzgeruld and Film (to be published by Ungar in 1978)-an analysis of how the capitalist film industry adapts literature for commercial movies.
Phillip Gordon	University of Colorado. Visting Assistant Professor of English.	N / A	The Extroflective Hero: A Look at Ayn Rand	Journal of Popular Culture	N / A	1977	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1982). American Literature.	N / A	N / A
Robert Hollinger	Iowa State University Philosophy and Religious Studies Professor. Author of Introductory Readings into the Philosophy of Science. President of Faculty senate (1984-1986)	No faculty profile.	Ayn Rand's Epistemology in Historical Perspective	N / A	The Philosophical Thought of Ayn Rand	1984	No	Urbana University of Illinois Press	N / A	Emeritus Professor of Philosophy and Religious Studies Iowa State University. . B.A., 1966, Brooklyn; Ph.D., 1972, Wisconsin.
Stacy Olster	Stony Brook University. English Professor	Mail: Stony Brook University Department of English Humanities Building Stony Brook, NY 11794-5350 E-Mail: stacey.olster@stonybrook.edu Office: Humanities 2080		N / A					N / A	N / A
Therese M. Lysaught	Loyola University Chicago	Address: Loyola University Chicago (Faculty Member) Institute of Pastoral Studies 820 North Michigian Avenue Lewis Towers 630 Chicago IL 60611	Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something (Red, White, and Blue): Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged and Objectivist Ideology.	N / A	The Other Fifties: Interrogating Midcentury American Icons. (Book Article) Urbana Il; U Illinois P.	1997		Treatment of Anxiety; in culture	N / A	N / A
James Leland Pinson	Libertarian. Went to University of Missouri at Columbia for Journalism	Home: 305 SW 82 nd Loop Ocala FL 34481	Where Virtue Is Vice, and Vice Versa: The Themes of Autonomy and Responsibility in the Work of Ayn Rand.	University of Dayton Review	N / A	1997-1998 Winter		Treatment of Responsbility / Autonomy	N / A	N / A
Scott McLemee	Inside Higher Education (Intellectual Affairs Commentator)	N / A	Objective Journalism and Ayn Rand's Philosophy of Objectivism	N / A	N / A		Yes. Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences. Abstract No: DA9821352	Treatment of Objectivist Philosophy. Relationship to journalism.	This dissertation critically examines the main competing ideas of objectivity in journalism in recent years--that it's an illusion best dispensed with in favor of activism, that it's an unattainable ideal for which to strive anyway, or that it's a method aimed at consensus as a "strategic ritual" to avoid criticism. It then identifies these positions' common root conviction that "real" objectivity is impossible and takes issue with that assumption. ;It shows that the arguments made against the possibility of objectivity in journalism explicitly or implicitly restate one or more of the three theses of the Greek sophist Gorgias that there is no world out there; that if there were, we couldn't know it; and if we could, we couldn't talk about it. This dissertation argues that just as Aristotle provided answers to these ideas thousands of years ago, so has Ayn Rand's philosophy of Objectivism provided answers for their modern variations and derivatives. ;It provides a summary of Objectivist metaphysics and epistemology as presented originally by Rand and developed by Nathaniel Branden, Leonard Peikoff and David Kelley, then tries to show how these positions, supplemented at times by non-Objectivist thinkers, serve as a good base to answer the modern Gorgiases who dispute the possibility of objectivity not only in journalism but also in the hard sciences, the social sciences and history. ;The dissertation further presents a bestiary of frequent specific objections to objective journalism in its various meanings and critically assesses their merits, offering along the way a discussion of some of the major arguments presented on the subject by Objectivist thinkers like Peter and Jerry Schwartz. It then tries to put these ideas together in a list of how Objectivists might view specific journalistic practices. ;Finally, the dissertation looks to Branden's application of Objectivism to psychology for help to journalism by analogy, compares the ideas presented here to those of journalism's pre-eminent libertarian philosopher, John C. Merrill; and shows how Objectivism's positions on politics, ethics and aesthetics could easily provide inspiration to expand the ideas here into a full-blown philosophy of journalism	N / A
Scott McLemee	Independent Scolar and Arts Critic Co-Editor of Aristos. Taught English in New Jersey and NYC.	N / A	The Heirs of Ayn Rand: Has Objectivism Gone Subjective	Lingua Franca: The Review of Academic Life	N / A	1999 Sept	No.	Relationship to Objectivism Philosophy	In the article, McLemee traces the history and significance of the philosophy and movement of Objectivism. He concentrates on what he calls its three successive crises: the first entailing the Rand-Branden schism, and its subsequent detailing in the writings of Barbara Branden and Nathaniel Branden; the second entailing the Kelley-Peikoff split; and the third brought about by the publication of Chris Matthew Sciabarra's Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. Sciabarra's book was a grand "challenge to 'proprietary' Objectivism," McLemee writes. A libertarian, Sciabarra was stimulated by Bertell Ollman's work on Marx. As his mentor, Ollman encouraged Sciabarra to examine "the methodological and substantive parallels between Marxian and free-market thought." McLemee observes: "Sciabarra was amazed to find that Ayn Rand, too, was a dialectician. So were other libertarian theorists!" Tracing the integration of dialectics and libertarianism "became an epic scholarly quest" for Sciabarra, a project that led to the publication of his Russian Radical, "which set out a drastic reinterpretation of [Rand's] intellectual development and the structure of her system." With successive printings and thousands of copies sold, the "work acknowledges the importance of free-market economic thought for Rand, as well as her sense of a deep continuity between Objectivism's philosophical anthropology and Aristotle's. But [Sciabarra] insists that Russian culture was the strongest and most pervasive influence on [Rand's] vision, especially the culture of the early twentieth century (extending into the first years of the Communist era) when avant-garde movements like symbolism and futurism joined Hegelian and Nietzschean philosophical currents to generate a cultural renaissance. Sciabarra was particularly intrigued by Rand's enthusiastic memories of having studied classical philosophy with N.O. Lossky -- a titan of Russian thought who sought to overcome dualisms such as materialism / idealism and empiricism / rationalism through a grand system of markedly organicist and teleological bent.	N / A
Michelle Marder-Kamhi	Independent Scholar and Critic. Co edits Arsistos, an online review of the arts, and is the author of Who Says That's Art?	kamhi@aristos.org	Critical Neglect of Ayn Rand's Theory of Art	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2000 Fall	No	Treatment of Aesethitcs	N / A	Michelle Marder Kamhi is an independent scholar and critic. She co-edits Aristos (an arts journal informed by Ayn Rand's philosophy of art), and is co-author of What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand, published by Open Court earlier this year. A graduate of Barnard College, she earned an M.A. in Art History at Hunter College, State University of New York (S.U.N.Y.). Prior to her association with Aristos, she worked as an editor and freelance writer, and conceived, produced, and directed Books Our Children Read, a documentary educational film on literature in the school curriculum.
Michelle Marder-Kamhi	Indpendent Scholar and Critic	Contact On Website: www.mmkamhi.com	Reply to Fred Seddon: What Does Ayn Rand Have to Do With Who Says That's Art?	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 Dec.; 15 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism; Relationship to Visual Arts	N / A	Michelle Marder Kamhi has been associated with Aristos since 1984, becoming co-editor of the print version in 1992. A graduate of Barnard College, she earned an M.A. in Art History at Hunter College, C.U.N.Y., in 1970, where she took courses with the abstract sculptor Tony Smith and the art historian Leo Steinberg, among others, but concentrated on medieval and Renaissance art, writing her thesis on Piero della Francesca's Uffizi diptych. Prior to her association with Aristos, she worked as an editor for Columbia University Press. She is a member of the American Society for Aesthetics, the National Art Education Association, and the National Association of Scholars. In addition to co-authoring What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand, she has contributed articles to the Wall Street Journal, the Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Art Education, and Arts Education Policy Review, among other publications. Her new book, Who Says That's Art? A Commonsense View of the Visual Arts, was published in 2014.
Gregory R. Johnson	Independent Philosopher	N / A	What Rand's Aesthetics Is, and Why It Matters	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring: 2 (2)	No	Treatment of Art. Aesthetics.	N / A	Gregory R. Johnson is a philosopher in private practice in Atlanta.
Gregory R. Johnson	Independent Institue: Toward a Dialectical Libertarinism	N / A	Ayn Rand and the Mastery of Nature	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2000 Fall	No	Treatment of Aesethics. Nature.	N / A	Gregory R. Johnson is a philosopher in private practice in Atlanta. In addition to consulting with individuals and institutions, he runs The Invisible College, a private educational organization offering classes on topics in philosophy, psychology, and literature.
Jeff Riggenbach	Ludwig Von Mises Institute. Journalist, author, editor, broadcaster.	E-mail: jriggenbach@bigfoot.com	Ayn Rand in the Scholarly Literature	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Fall	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1982). Theories of Feyerabend.	N / A	Jeff Riggenbach is the author of In Praise of Decadence (Prometheus, 1998). He has been a working critic of the arts (most notably of literature, music, and film) since 1972, publishing widely in newspapers and magazines, including The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, San Jose Mercury News, Berkeley Monthly, Libertarian Review, Reason, and Inquiry. From 1996 to 2000, he taught courses in philosophy, music appreciation, popular culture, and writing at the Academy of Art College in San Francisco. Jeff Riggenbach is a journalist, author, and podcaster.
Jeff Riggenbach	Ludwig Von Mises Institute. Journalist, author, editor, broadcaster.	E-mail: jriggenbach@bigfoot.com	Ayn Rand's Influence on American Popular Fiction	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall	No	Relationship to popular fiction. Influence Study.	N / A	N / A
Jeff Riggenbach	Ludwig Von Mises Institute. Journalist, author, editor, broadcaster.	E-mail: jriggenbach@bigfoot.com	What Art Is: What's Not to Like	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring	No	Treatment of Arts. Aesethetics. Thoeries relating to AR's work What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of AR.	Riggenbach maintains that Torres and Kamhi's What Art Is adds to our understanding of Rand's key aesthetic concepts and is particularly valuable for the writings by other thinkers that it brings to bear on Rand's ideas. It is, however, remiss in failing to include any discussion of Stephen C. Pepper and in failing to discern the true importance of Susanne K. Langer's works for a fuller understanding of Rand's aesthetics. It errs also in its discussion of music, photography, and cinema. Though unnecessarily marred by flawed copyediting, it is an important work.	N / A
Cathy Young	Cato Insistute Research Associate. Russian-Born American Journalist. Writes on rape and feminisim.	Cato Institute 1000 Massachusetts Ave, NW Washington, DC 20001-5403 Phone (202) 842 0200	The Russian Cultural Connection: Alexander Etkind on Ayn Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall 6 (1)	No	Treatment of Russia. Treatment of Aleksandir Etkind. We the Living.	A 2001 book by Russian scholar Alexander Etkind, Tolkovaniye puteshestviy: Rossiya i Amerika v travelogakh i intertekstakh (The Interpretation of Travels: Russia and America in Travelogues and Intertexts), examines cross-cultural influences between Russia and America. One chapter is a study of two refugees from totalitarian regimes who became prominent in American intellectual life: Ayn Rand and Hannah Arendt. One of the first analyses of Rand's work to appear in Russian literary criticism, it briefly examines Rand's principal novels and a summary of her philosophy with a special focus on the influence of her Soviet background on her thought.	Cathy Young was born in Moscow, Russia in 1963 and emigrated to the United States in 1980. She graduated from Rutgers University in 1988 with a degree in English. After writing a weekly op-ed column for The Detroit News from 1993 to 2000, she became a weekly columnist for The Boston Globe. She is also a columnist for Reason Papers magazine and a research associate with the Cato Institute.
George Reisman	Professor Emreitus of Economics Pepperdine University	Blog: http://georgereismansblog.blogspot.com/ (Blog on economics, politics, society, & culture	Ayn Rand and Ludwig von Mises	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies	N / A	2005 Spring 6 (2)	No	Treatment of Capitalism. Compared to Ludwig Von Mises.	Ayn Rand and Ludwig von Mises share the distinction of being the leading advocates of laissez-faire capitalism in the twentieth century, and, indeed, in any century. Their ideas are complementary and mutually reinforcing. The differences that exist between them are essentially minor and superficial. The serious and comprehensive study of both authors is essential to the educated advocacy of capitalism.	George Reisman is a Professor of Economics at Pepperdine University's Graziadio School of Business and Management, 6100 Center Drive, Los Angeles, California 90045. He is the author of Capitalism: A Treatise on Economics (Jameson Books) and The Government Against the Economy (Jameson Books). He received his doctorate under Ludwig von Mises and is the translator of Mises's Epistemological Problems of Economics (Van Nostrand/Mises Institute).
Peter J. Boettke	George Mason Professor of Economics and Philosophy	Mail: George Mason University D109 Mason Hall Economics Department 4400 University Dr. Fairfax VA 22030-4444 e-mail: poettke@gmu.edu. T: (703) 993-1149	Teaching Economics Through Ayn Rand: How the Economy is Like a Novel and How the Novel Can Teach Us About Economics.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies	N / A	2005 Spring 6 (2)	No	Storytelling. Relationship to teaching; economics.	The effective teaching of the principles of economics requires both a clear presentation of the logic of economic argumentation and the evidence of economic forces at work in the real economy. One of the most effective ways to communicate these principles is through the telling of a memorable story. The skillful telling of economic history is one way to accomplish this, but so is the use of literature. Ayn Rand's novels (especially Atlas Shrugged) are a prime example of how an economically literate author can construct meaningful and memorable stories that illuminate the principles of economics and political economy.	Peter J. Boettke is the Director of Graduate Studies (Ph.D. Program) and Deputy Director of the James M. Buchanan Center for Political Economy at George Mason University, Professor of Economics, George Mason University, MSN 3G4, Fairfax, VA 22030. He is the editor of The Review of Austrian Economics.
Larry J. Sechrest	American Economist (Austrian School)	R.I.P. October 30th, 2008	Centenary Symposium, part II: Ayn Rand Among the Austrians	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies: (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Spring 6 (2)	No	Treatment of capitalism. Objectivism (philosophy). Relationship to Von Mises, Ludwig. Carl Menger. Austrian society.	This article surveys Rand's relationship to key thinkers in the Austrian school of economics, including Ludwig von Mises, Murray N. Rothbard, and F. A. Hayek. Austrian theory informs the writings of Rand and her early associates (e.g., Nathaniel Branden, Alan Greenspan, and George Reisman) on topics ranging from monopoly to business cycles. Some post-Randian thinkers (e.g., Richard Salsman), however, have repudiated many of these insights, thus constituting a movement away from the historically close relationship between Objectivism and Austrianism. This symposium explores the distinction between these approaches and the possibilities for a shared vision.	Larry J. Sechrest is a Professor of Economics and Director of the Free Enterprise Institute, Sul Ross State University, Alpine, Texas 79832. He is the author of Free Banking: Theory, History, and a Laissez-Faire Model (Quorum Books). His research interests include free banking, business cycles, history of economic thought, economic history, maritime history, law and economics, and the philosophical foundations of economics.
David Glenn	Chronicle of Higher Education (Senior Reporter)	N / A	Ayn Rand's Academic Legacy	Chronicle of Higher Education	N / A	2007 July 13; 53 (45)	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1982). Relationship to Objectivism.	N / A
Robert White	University of Auckland. Ph.D in Political Philosophy.	Mail: University of Auckland P.O. Box 7581, Wellesley Street, Auckland, New Zealand	Advocates of Objectivism Make New Inroads	Chronicle of Higher Education	N / A	2007 July 13; 53 (45)	No	Ayn Rand. Relationship to Objectivism. Canon. Pedagogical Approach. Teaching of Literature. Curriculum. Role of AR. Relationship to Funding.	N / A	Robert White, P.O. Box 7581, Wellesley Street, Auckland, New Zealand, is a Ph.D. candidate in political philosophy. He is currently finishing his doctoral thesis on the ethical foundations of Ayn Rand's theory of individual rights, which is being funded by a University of Auckland Doctoral Scholarship. He has also lectured in political economy in the Department of Economics at the University of Auckland. His refereed publications include "Racism and the Law," which appeared in the 1996 issue of the Waikato Law Review. He has also written extensively for The Free Radical.
Robert White	University of Auckland. Ph.D in Political Philosophy.	Mail: University of Auckland P.O. Box 7581, Wellesley Street, Auckland, New Zealand	Adam Smith versus Ayn Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall 7 (1)	No	Treatment of Economic System Compared to Adam Smith / The Wealth of Nations / The Theory of Moral Sentiments	This article compares Ayn Rand's trader principle with Adam Smith's invisible hand principle. Rand's defense of laissez-faire capitalism is often confused with Smith's defense of the market economy. White argues that Rand and Smith do not share the same ideas on the importance of self-interest or support the same sort of minimalist government, and that these are important and substantial differences between the two thinkers. He examines the antitrust case against Microsoft as one example of the importance of these differences.	Robert White, P.O. Box 7581, Wellesley Street, Auckland, New Zealand, is a Ph.D. candidate in political philosophy. He is currently finishing his doctoral thesis on the ethical foundations of Ayn Rand's theory of individual rights, which is being funded by a University of Auckland Doctoral Scholarship. He has also lectured in political economy in the Department of Economics at the University of Auckland. His refereed publications include "Racism and the Law," which appeared in the 1996 issue of the Waikato Law Review. He has also written extensively for The Free Radical.
Robert White	University of Auckland. Ph.D in Political Philosophy.	Mail: University of Auckland P.O. Box 7581, Wellesley Street, Auckland, New Zealand	Corporations are People Too: An Argument for Corporate Moral Personhood	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 Dec. 14 (2)			This article applies Ayn Rand's insights in metaphysics and epistemology to the question What is a Corporation? Historically, there have been three main answers: the fictional entity theory, the aggregate theory, and the real entity theory. Drawing principally upon Rand's discussion of the nature of entities in her epistemology workshops, this article proposes a fourth possibility. The preceding theories assume that if a corporation is an entity it must exist as a separate entity. The theory defended in this article challenges this assumption, and considers the implications for the moral and political status of corporations.	N / A
Cynthia Burack	Cynthia Burack Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies	Mail: The Ohio State University 286 University Hall 230 N Oval Mall Columbus, OH 43210-1311 E-Mail: burack1@osu.edu Office: (614) 292-2210	Ayn Rand's Academic Legacy	Chronicle of Higher Education	N / A	2007 July 13 53 (45)	No	Relationship to Objectivism.	N / A	Cynthia Burack works in the areas of feminist political theory and political psychology. Her research focuses on identity groups and their idealogies and cultures. Before teaching at Ohio State University she taught politcal science and womens studies at George Washington University and the University of Florida. She edits a book series in Queer Politics and Cultures st State University New York Press.
Cynthia Burack	Cynthia Burack Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies	E-Mail: burack.1@osu.edu	Nabokov, Ayn Rand, and Russian-American Literature: Or, The Odd Couple	Cynos	N / A	1995 12 (2)	No	Primary subject Vladimir Nabokov. Compared to Ayn Rand.	N / A	N / A
Cynthia Burack	Delivered Lectures on the Life and Works of Ayn Rand at Cato Insistute. National Arts Club. Harvard Club of New York. New York Metropolitian Club. Taught Undergraduate journalism courses at Bennington College and in the New York University Department of Journalism.	E-Mail: burack.1@osu.edu	Just Deserts: Ayn Rand and the Christian Right.	Journal of Religion and Popular Culture.	N / A	2008 Summer 19:44	No	Treatment of Compassion. Sexuality. Relationship to right-wing politics of Christians.	N / A	N / A
Anne C. Heller	Journalist & Magazine Editor	Contact through Website: www.anecheller.com	Ayn Rand and the World She Made	N / A	Ayn Rand and the World She Made. 2009. Double Day. NY. ISBN: 9780385513999	2009	No	Subject: American Literature 1900-1999.	N / A	ANNE C. HELLERis a magazine editor, journalist and author. She is a former managing editor of the Antioch Review, fiction editor of Esquire and Redbook, and exuctive editor of the magazine development group at Conde Nast Publications. She delivered dozens of lectures on the life and works of Ayn Rand. Contents: Before the Revolution (1905-1917) ; Looters (1917-1925; Freedom to Think (1926-1934); We are Not Like Our Brothers (1934-1942); The Fountainhead (1936-1941); Money (1943); Fame (1943-1946); The Top and Bottom (1946-1949); The Means and the End (1950-1953); The Immovable Mover (1953-1957); Atlas Shrugged (1957); The Public Philosopher (1958-1963); Account Overdrawn (1962-1967); Either / Or: The Break (1967-1968; In the Name of the Best Eithin Us (1969-1982)
Daryyl Wright	Harvey Mudd College Philosophy Professor	Office: Parsons 1268 Phone: (909) 607-4478. E-Mail: darryl_wright@hmc.edu	The Needs of the Psyche in Ayn Rand's Early Ethical Thought (Book Article)	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem. Lanham, MD. Lexington Books. 2005.	2005	No	Primary Subject: Ayn Rand (1905-1984) Primary Subject Work: Anthem.	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem Paperback – June 28, 2005. In this first book-length study of Ayn Rand's anti-utopia Anthem, essays explore the historical, literary, and philosophical themes presiding in this novella written in opposition to the totalitarianism of the Soviet Union (and Nazi Germany).	N / A
Timothy Sandefur	George Mason Mercatus Center (Free-Market Research, Education, and Outreach Think Tank) Cato Institute (Adjunct Scholar) Goldwater Institute (Vice President of Litigation) Pacific Legal Foundation (Principal Attorney)	Cato Institute 1000 Massachusettes Ave NW Washington DC 20001-5403 General Cato. T: (202) 842-0200 Twitter: @ TimothySandefur	A Critque of Ayn Rand's Theory of Intellectual Property Rights	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Fall: 9 (1)	No	American Literature. Ayn Rand. Treatment of IP. Copyright. Relationship to objectivism.	N / A	N / A
George V. Walsh	Salisbury State University (Professor of Philosophy). Co-Founder of Ayn Rand Society of the American Philosophic Association. Member of the Objectivist Center (formerly institute of Objectivist Studies).	R.I.P.	Ayn Rand and the Metaphysics of Kant	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies: (JoARS).	N / A	2000 Fall; 2 (1)	No	German Literature. Immanuel Kant. Treatment of Metaphysics. Relationship to Ayn Rand.	Walsh examines the differences and similarities between Immanuel Kant and Ayn Rand in the area of metaphysics. He presents Kant's premises and conclusions on the major issues and provides a detailed discussion of Rand's criticisms of Kant. Walsh argues that Rand has seriously misread Kant on several points. Her interpretation that Kant saw our sensory grasp of the world as "delusion," rather than knowledge, resembles that of Arthur Schopenhauer, except that the latter declares Kant's doctrine worthy of praise instead of condemnation.	George V. Walsh is a Professor Emeritus, Department of Philosophy, Salisbury State University, Salisbury, Maryland. He has taught philosophy and the history of religion at Hobart and William Smith Colleges and Eisenhower College. Having earned his Ph.D. from Princeton University. A co-founder of the Ayn Rand Society (Eastern Division, American Philosophical Association) and a charter member of the Institute for Objectivist Studies (now The Objectivist Center), he is the author of such serialized essays as "Herbert Marcuse: Philosopher of the New Left," (published in 1970 in Rand's Objectivist journal). [Ed: Professor Walsh passed away in January 2002; the Spring 2002 issue of The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies was dedicated to his memory].
Adam Reed	Associate Professor of Information Systems at California State University Cofounded the Society for Radicals of Capitalism. Student of NBI	E-Mail: areed2calstatela.edu T: (323) 343-2985	Not Even False: A Commentary on Parish and Toner	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS).	N / A	2008 Spring; 9 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism; Relationship to God; Theories of Leonard Peikoff;	In Ayn Rand’s philosophical perspective, and in the working epistemology of science, claims, about which there is no knowledge originating in the evidence of the senses, are considered in the words of physicist Wolfgang Paulin “not even false." Theistic arguments presented in The Journal of Ayn Rand Studiesby Parrish and Toner are in this category. Various claims to which Parrish and Toner refer are shown to come from misuse of intuition, middle-school fallacies about probability, and attempts to deduce the existence of a god from temporary (and for the most part already closed) gaps in scientific knowledge.	Adam Reed is a Professor of Information Systems, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032-8123. He studied electrical engineering, computer science and neurophysiology as an undergraduate and graduate student at MIT. He completed his doctorate in mathematical psychology at the University of Oregon and did postdoctoral research in neural networks at Rockefeller University. Before joining the faculty of Cal State LA, he spent 18 years at Bell Labs, working in artificial intelligence and in software engineering. He is the author of more than 20 research articles, book chapters and patents in electronics, computer science, neurophysiology, mathematical and cognitive psychology, economics, scientific methodology and epistemology, politics, political history and the history of ideas.
Adam Reed	Associate Professor of Information Systems at California State University Cofounded the Society for Radicals of Capitalism. Student of NBI	E-Mail: areed2calstatela.edu T: (323) 343-2985	Object-Oriented Programming and Objectivist Epistemology: Paralelles and Implications	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS).	N / A	2003 Spring: 4 (2)	No	Treament of Epistemology. Objectivism. Relationship to computer programming languages.	Reed finds that the architectures of knowledge representation in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and in Ayn Rand’s Objectivist epistemology are exactly isomorphic, and were first proposed at about the same time. These similarities did not result from mutual influence, but from the need to represent knowledge, in both systems, in accordance with the same facts of reality. Thanks to the isomorphism of knowledge representation in the two systems, logical techniques developed in the context of OOP, such as scope-tracking and inheritance, are directly usable and useful in objective logic based on Objectivist epistemology.	ADAM REED is an Associate Professor of Information Systems, California State University, Los Angeles, California 90032-8123. He studied electrical engineering, computer science and neurophysiology as an undergraduate and graduate student at MIT. He completed his doctorate in mathematical psychology at the University of Oregon and did postdoctoral research in neural networks at Rockefeller University. Before joining Cal State LA, he spent 18 years at Bell Labs, working in artificial intelligence and software engineering. He is the author of 15 research articles and 3 patents.
Roger E. Bissell	Professional musician. Writer on philosophy & Psychology	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	Ronald E Merrill and the Discovery of Ayn Rand's Nietzschean Period	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2009 Spring. 10 (2)	No	Frederich Willhelm Nietzche. (1844-1900). German Literature. Ayn Rand.	In scientific and technological journals, it is customary to include in the first special issue on a mature invention or discovery a traditionally informal, first-person memoir of how the invention or discovery came about. Because Ronald E. Merrill died of myeloma in 1998, Reed has written an inevitably second-hand account of his discovery of Nietzsche’s influence on the young Ayn Rand, and of the subsequent intellectual history of this discovery.	ROGER E. BISELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Musically, Roger has two recently released recordings featuring his trombone playing and a new CD with trombone and vocal solos, including four of Roger's original compositions, is scheduled to be released in early 2010.
Roger E. Bissell	Independent Scholar / Musician / Research Fellow Molinari Institute.	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	Barabara Branden's Bibliography	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N/A	2014 July 14 (1)	No	AR Bibliography	This is an expanded, annotated bibliography of the work of the late Barbara Branden, who was Ayn Rand's first biographer, and who made many contributions to the early Objectivist literature.	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Most recently, he published his first book, How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics, available from Amazon Kindle. He also frequently performs on recording sessions and jazz engagements, and his CDs feature his trombone playing, singing, musical arrangements, and original compositions.
Roger E. Bissell	Independent Scholar / Musician / Research Fellow Molinari Institute.	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	Critical Misinterpretations and Missed Opportunities: Errors and Omissions by Kamhi and Torres.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring; 2 (2)	No	N / A	Bissell points out scholarly and ahistorical lapses in Kamhi and Torres's Journal of Ayn Rand Studies essay, "Critical Neglect of Ayn Rand's Theory of Art" (Fall 2000). He argues that they have misrepresented and neglected the views of others, and have inaccurately depicted the extent to which his own essays liken and contrast music with the other arts. Bissell criticizes their failure to acknowledge Rand's "microcosm" view of art as "re-creation of reality," which is fundamentally at odds with the Kamhi-Torres perspective.	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Most recently, he published his first book, How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics, available from Amazon Kindle. He also frequently performs on recording sessions and jazz engagements, and his CDs feature his trombone playing, singing, musical arrangements, and original compositions.
Roger E. Bissell	Independent Scholar / Musician / Research Fellow Molinari Institute.	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	What's in Your File Folder? Part 2: Epistemology, Logic, and the Objective.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 Dec; 15 (2)	No	Treatment of Knowledge. Relationship to Epistemology. Logic. Objectivism.	The author discusses how Rand's largely underdeveloped concept of the "dual-aspect objective", first introduced in the 1960s, is vital for understanding how knowledge is grounded in reality. He defines it, then applies it to perception and introspection, and to concepts, propositions, and syllogisms. The author also defines content of awareness, carefully distinguishing it from both object and form of awareness, and applies those distinctions throughout. In addition, he discusses how truth is both dual-aspect and contextual, and he extends his discussion in Part 1 of Rand's "unit-perspective," showing how units, too, have a dual-aspect, even on the level of syllogisms.	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Most recently, he published his first book, How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics, available from Amazon Kindle. He also frequently performs on recording sessions and jazz engagements, and his CDs feature his trombone playing, singing, musical arrangements, and original compositions.
Roger E. Bissell	Independent Scholar / Musician / Research Fellow Molinari Institute.	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	Where There is a Will, There is a Why: A Critque of the Objectivist Theory of Volition.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 July; 15 (1)	No	Treatmetn of Volition. Free Will. Relationship to Objectivism. Determinism. Aristotelianism.	The author examines the canonical Objectivist model of free will (aka "volitional consciousness") and finds it wanting, amounting to a form of Agency-Indeterminism. Employing an Aristotelian Four Cause analysis, he explores the complementary roles of determinism and free will, as well as the conditional nature of necessity and contingency, in understanding how causality operates in the human realm. He proposes an integration of what he calls "value-determinism" and "conditional free will," arguing that it amounts to a basic axiom of human choice and action, and urges its acceptance in place of the Orthodox Objectivist view of free will.	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Most recently, he published his first book, How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics, available from Amazon Kindle. He also frequently performs on recording sessions and jazz engagements, and his CDs feature his trombone playing, singing, musical arrangements, and original compositions.
Roger E. Bissell	Independent Scholar / Musician / Research Fellow Molinari Institute.	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	What's in Your File Folder? Rand's Unit-Perspective, the Law of Identity, and the Fundamental Nature of the Proposition.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 Dec; 14 (2)	No	Treatment of Identity. Knowledge. Concept. Relationship to Objectivism.	The author contends that the Objectivist epistemology has lacked a viable model of propositional knowledge for nearly fifty years, due to neglect of Rand's unit-perspective view of concepts. This pioneering insight, he says, not only is an essential building block of her concept theory, but also welds together the three levels of logical theory and provides the clearest X-ray picture of our multilayered conceptual knowledge. Using the unit-perspective to expand Rand's theory of concepts, the author then devises a theory of the proposition, giving considerable attention to axioms and statements about nonexistent subjects.	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Most recently, he published his first book, How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics, available from Amazon Kindle. He also frequently performs on recording sessions and jazz engagements, and his CDs feature his trombone playing, singing, musical arrangements, and original compositions.
Roger E. Bissell	Independent Scholar / Musician / Research Fellow Molinari Institute.	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	Langer and Camus: Unexpected Post-Kantian Affinities with Rand's Aesthetics.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of Art; Relationship to Aesthetics; Objectivism; Exisentialism;	Contrary to the standard Objectivist view of post-Kantian philosophy's two principal lines of development, Linguistic Analysis and Existentialism, there are deep and striking commonalities between Ayn Rand's aesthetic views and those of two prominent writers in the latter traditions: Susanne Langer and Albert Camus. In particular, Langer holds the equivalent of Rand's microcosm view of art (as elaborated upon in Roger Bissell, "Art as Microcosm," Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 5, no. 2), and Camus holds a view indistinguishable in all essential respects from Rand's definition of art as "selective re-creation of reality."	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Most recently, he published his first book, How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics, available from Amazon Kindle. He also frequently performs on recording sessions and jazz engagements, and his CDs feature his trombone playing, singing, musical arrangements, and original compositions.
Roger E. Bissell	Independent Scholar / Musician / Research Fellow Molinari Institute.	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	Langer and Camus: Unexpected Post-Kantian Affinities with Rand's Aesthetics.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of Art; Relationship to Aesthetics; Objectivism; Exisentialism;	Contrary to the standard Objectivist view of post-Kantian philosophy's two principal lines of development, Linguistic Analysis and Existentialism, there are deep and striking commonalities between Ayn Rand's aesthetic views and those of two prominent writers in the latter traditions: Susanne Langer and Albert Camus. In particular, Langer holds the equivalent of Rand's microcosm view of art (as elaborated upon in Roger Bissell, "Art as Microcosm," Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 5, no. 2), and Camus holds a view indistinguishable in all essential respects from Rand's definition of art as "selective re-creation of reality."	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Most recently, he published his first book, How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics, available from Amazon Kindle. He also frequently performs on recording sessions and jazz engagements, and his CDs feature his trombone playing, singing, musical arrangements, and original compositions.
Roger E. Bissell	Professional musician. Writer on philosophy & Psychology	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	A Neglected Source for Rand's Aesthetics	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall; 4 (1)	No	Treament of Aesthetics. Analysis of AR's: The Esthetic Vacum of Our Age.	Bissell reviews the full-length, taped version of Rand's "The Esthetic Vacuum of Our Age," calling attention to its importance as a foundational document for Rand's later essays on art and to the numerous gems omitted from the much briefer published version.	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and graduate student at California Coast University. He is also a writer on psychology and philosophy. His work has appeared in a number of publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. He is currently working on a scholarly monograph on the Objectivist view of art as "microcosm."
Roger E. Bissell	Professional musician. Writer on philosophy & Psychology	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	Art as Microcosm: The Real Meaning of the Objectivist Concept of Art	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Spring; 5 (2)	No	Treatment of objectivism. Art.	Bissell offers a new interpretation and clarification of Rand's definition of art, maintaining that an artwork, like language, functions as a "tool of cognition," and that it does so more specifically as a special kind of microcosm which presents an imaginary world. In particular, he argues that architecture and music are aesthetic microcosms and tools of cognition that re-create reality and embody fundamental abstractions and, thus, contrary to assertions by certain Objectivist writers, are forms of art consistent with Rand's definition and concept.	ROGER E. BISSELL is a professional musician and a writer on philosophy and psychology, specializing in aesthetics, logic and epistemology, and personality type theory. His work has appeared in a number of other publications, including Reason Papers, Objectivity, Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vera Lex, and ART Ideas. His mock transcription of a lecture by the fictional composer Richard Halley was published in Edward W. Younkins’s 2007 compilation, Ayn Rand’s “Atlas Shrugged”: A Philosophical and Literary Companion, and he supervised the transcription of Nathaniel Branden’s lectures for the 2009 publication of The Vision of Ayn Rand: The Basic Principles of Objectivism. Most recently, he published his first book, How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics, available from Amazon Kindle. He also frequently performs on recording sessions and jazz engagements, and his CDs feature his trombone playing, singing, musical arrangements, and original compositions.
Roger E. Bissell	Professional musician. Writer on philosophy & Psychology	Home: 213 Haskell Lane Antioch ,Tenessee 37013 H: 615-730-9029 C: 615-438-6152. E-Mail: rebissell@aol.com	Mind, Introspection, and 'the Objective'	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Fall; 10 (1)	No	Treatment of Introspection. Relationship to Objectivism.	In this sequel to his essay "Ayn Rand and 'The Objective'" (JARS, Fall 2007), the author warns against "the seduction of 'the basic'" and uses ideas by Efron, Peikoff, and Aristotle to argue that introspection and mental data (including mind) are objective and that causal efficacy of mind and mind-body interaction only make sense if mind is conceived of not as an attribute, but as an entity (viz., the conscious human brain). None of this, however, implies Epiphenomenalism or that consciousness is irrelevant to human history.
Rusell S. Sobel	The Citadel University. Professor of Economics & Entreprenurship. Baker School of Business	Mail: Baker School of Business 171 Moultrie Street The Citadel Charleston SC 29409 Office: Room 344 Bond Hall Phone: (843) 953-5162 Email: russell.sobel@citadel.edu	Preference Formation, Choice Sets, and the Creative Destruction of Preferences	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N/A	2014 July; 14 (1)	No	AR Bibliography	Economic models are founded in the idea of taking individuals' preferences as both known and given. This article explores the evolution of personal preferences, within a context of both entrepreneurial discovery and Objectivist philosophy. It begins by formalizing Ayn Rand's theory of Objectivism applied to human values, and continues by modeling preference changes similar to Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction---a process of self-discovery. Next the role of societal factors is examined in forming shared preference sets. Finally, the article describes how the strength of human preferences is used to narrow choice sets in the presence of greater consumption options.	Russell S. Sobel is a Visiting Scholar in Entrepreneurship in the School of Business Administration at The Citadel. He earned his Ph.D. in economics from Florida State University in 1994.
Marsha Familaro Enright (Revision)	The Reason Individualism & Freedom Institute (President) Member of FEE Faculty Network Educational entreprenur. writer & speaker	N / A	Ayn Rand Explained: From Tyranny to Tea Party	Open Court; 2012	N / A	2012	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Conservatism. Libertarainism.	N / A	Ideas Explained Series (10)
Marsha Familaro Enright	Member of FEE (Foundation for Economic Education) Editor of "Ayn Rand Explained: From Tyranny to Teaparty"	N / A	Rejoinder to Arnold Baise and Merlin Jetton: Differing Conceptual Classifications for Selfishness.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies: (JoARS);	N / A	2015 July; 15 (1)	No	Treatment of Selfishness. Relationship to Objectivism. Ethics. Altruism.	This article acknowledges Arnold Baise's detailed examination of the origin and use of the word "selfish," which adds interesting details to the topic. It then turns to the issues raised by Merlin Jetton. While Jetton makes important contributions to the discussion, I think that, ultimately, we are using different classification systems.	Marsha Familaro Enright, B.A. biology, Northwestern University, M.A. psychology, the New School for Social Research, is an education entrepreneur, writer, and psychotherapist. Her major project is the implementation of a new and innovative higher education program through the Reason, Individualism, Freedom Institute, of which she is president, curriculum developer, and chief implementer via the Great Connections Seminar in Chicago and Buenos Aires. She has written for The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, The New Individualist, Montessori Leadership, Free Voices, The Savvy Street. Her articles are available at The Fountainhead Institute. She is the editor of Ayn Rand Explained: From Tyranny to Tea Party (Open Court, 2013). Among her many other educational and social projects and organizations: the New Intellectual Forum (founded by her in 1987), Council Oak Montessori School, ages 3 to 15 (founded by her in 1990), and Camp Indecon (Curriculum Developer and Lead Instructor from 1999 – 2007). Her interests are wide-ranging but always take a biopsychological bent.
Ronald E. Merill and Marsha Familaro Enright	N / A	N / A	N / A	N / A	Ayn Rand Explained: From Tyranny to Tea Party	Open Court; 2012.	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Conservatism. Libertarnainism.	N / A	Ideas Explained Series (10)
Ronald E. Merill	Scientist and Entreprenuer. graduate of MIT & U Oregon. Business in Los Angeles Area. Married Two Children. Long time objectivist.	N / A	N / A	N / A	The Ideas of Ayn Rand	Open Court; 2012	No		N / A	Scientist-entrepreneur Ronald E. Merrill received his B.S. in chemistry from MIT, and Ph.D. from the University of Oregon. He was founder and CEO of Reaction Design Corp., and later Director of R&D at Cyclo Products, a small pharmaceutical company. Currently he operates GreenChem Technologies, a database development and consulting company, and writes. A long-time Objectivist, Dr. Merrill ran student groups in the Sixties. He is author of The Ideas of Ayn Rand (Open Court, 1991) and articles in Reason, Liberty, and Objectivity. He also co-authored two books on small business management, The New Venture Handbook, and Raising Money. Dr. Merrill was a founder and former Chairman of the Caltech/MIT Enterprise Forum, an organization that counsels technology businesses, and is a popular speaker at their programs. He lives in Torrance, California, with his wife and two children.
Marsha Familaro Enright	Member of FEE (Foundation for Economic Education) Editor of "Ayn Rand Explained: From Tyranny to Teaparty"	N / A	The Problem with Selfishness	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 July; 14 (1)	No	Treatment of Selfishness. Relationship to Objectivism. Ethics. Altruism.	Ayn Rand argued that "selfish" is the correct designation for a person living according to the Objectivist ethics and that selfishness is a virtue. The accuracy of this claim is examined along with the meaning of "selfish," the wider implications for the Objectivist ethics, and ethics in general. Alternatives to the term are suggested.	Scientist-entrepreneur Ronald E. Merrill received his B.S. in chemistry from MIT, and Ph.D. from the University of Oregon. He was founder and CEO of Reaction Design Corp., and later Director of R&D at Cyclo Products, a small pharmaceutical company. Currently he operates GreenChem Technologies, a database development and consulting company, and writes. A long-time Objectivist, Dr. Merrill ran student groups in the Sixties. He is author of The Ideas of Ayn Rand (Open Court, 1991) and articles in Reason, Liberty, and Objectivity. He also co-authored two books on small business management, The New Venture Handbook, and Raising Money. Dr. Merrill was a founder and former Chairman of the Caltech/MIT Enterprise Forum, an organization that counsels technology businesses, and is a popular speaker at their programs. He lives in Torrance, California, with his wife and two children.
Robert L. Campbell	Clemson University Psychology Faculty Member	E-Mail: Campber@clemson.edu. Office: 410A Brackett Hall. T: (864) 656-4986 C: (864) 653-0187 Mail: Clemson State University 913 Berkley Drive, Clemson South Carolina 29631-2031	The Rewriting of Ayn Rand's Spoken Answers	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N/A	2011 July; 11 (1)	No	Role of Robert Mayhew (1960- )	This essay compares audio recordings of Ayn Rand's question and answer sessions with Robert Mayhew's renditions as published in the Estate-approved volume Ayn Rand Answers. Mayhew, it turns out, rewrote nearly every answer included in the book. He abridged long answers, rearranged parts of answers, left transcription errors uncorrected, and was frequently insensitive to Rand's style of speaking. Mayhew even deleted portions of a few answers deemed embarrassing to Leonard Peikoff and the Estate of Ayn Rand (e.g., references to cigarette smoking or to Nathaniel Branden) and kept other answers (e.g., about homosexuality or amphetamine use) out of the volume entirely.	Robert L. Campbell is a Professor, Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Brackett Hall 410A, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-1511. He first read Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology in 1973, while studying developmental and cognitive psychology as an undergraduate. He is the co-author (with Mark Bickhard) of Knowing Levels and Developmental Stages (S. Karger).
Robert L. Campbell	Clemson University Psychology Faculty Member	E-Mail: Campber@clemson.edu. Office: 410A Brackett Hall. T: (864) 656-4986 C: (864) 653-0187 Mail: Clemson State University 913 Berkley Drive, Clemson South Carolina 29631-2031	A Veteran Reconniters Ayn Rand's Philosophy	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2000 Spring; 1 (2)	No	On Tibor Machan and AR	Campbell finds Tibor Machan's book, Ayn Rand, to be a thoroughgoing introduction to every part of Rand's system except the esthetics. Machan's presentation is knowledgeable and sympathetic but entirely non-sectarian; it offers several significant criticisms of Rand's views. Campbell focuses on Machan's discussion of Rand's philosophical axioms, her ethics, and her antipathy to Immanuel Kant. Certain questions that Machan asks prompt Campbell to inquire whether Rand's avoidance of cosmology in metaphysics is an example to be followed in epistemology (where it would imply an avoidance of psychological questions about the nature, evolution, and development of the human mind).	Robert L. Campbell is a Professor, Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Brackett Hall 410A, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-1511. He first read Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology in 1973, while studying developmental and cognitive psychology as an undergraduate. He is the co-author (with Mark Bickhard) of Knowing Levels and Developmental Stages (S. Karger).
Robert L. Campbell	Clemson University Psychology Faculty Member	E-Mail: Campber@clemson.edu. Office: 410A Brackett Hall. T: (864) 656-4986 C: (864) 653-0187 Mail: Clemson State University 913 Berkley Drive, Clemson South Carolina 29631-2031	Altruism in August Comte and Ayn Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	Spring 2006 7 (2)	No	Treatment of Ethics / Altruism / Compared to Comte. French Literature.	In response to Robert H. Bass's charge that no significant moral thinker ever advocated altruism as Ayn Rand defined it, Campbell points to the writings of Auguste Comte, who invented the word. For Comte, altruism meant living for others, repressing one's "personality," and subordinating oneself to "the Great Being, Humanity." Rand's own conception of altruism was thoroughly Comtean. What's more, her decision (made in 1942, while completing The	Robert L. Campbell, Department of Psychology, 410A Brackett Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-1355, USA, is the author of three published essays on moral development, an article on the development of the self, and a forthcoming chapter on the significance of Eddie Willers in Atlas Shrugged. He edited and translated Jean Piaget's book Studies in Reflecting Abstraction (Psychology Press, 2001) and edits New Ideas in Psychology.
Robert L. Campbell	Clemson University Psychology Faculty Member	E-Mail: Campber@clemson.edu. Office: 410A Brackett Hall. T: (864) 656-4986 C: (864) 653-0187 Mail: Clemson State University 913 Berkley Drive, Clemson South Carolina 29631-2031	The Peikovian Doctrine of the Arbitrary Assertion	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Fall; 10 (1)	No	Treatment of Evidence. Arbitariness. Theories of Leonard Peikoff.	The doctrine of the arbitrary assertion is a key part of Objectivist epistemology as elaborated by Leonard Peikoff. For Peikoff, assertions unsupported by evidence are neither true nor false; they have no context or place in the hierarchy of conceptual knowledge; they are meaningless and paralyze rational cognition; their production is proof of irrationality. A thorough examination of the doctrine reveals worrisomely unclear standards of evidence and a jumble of contradictory claims about which assertions are arbitrary, when they are arbitrary, and what ought to be done about them when they are. A wholesale rejection of the doctrine is recommended.	ROBERT CAMPBELL is a Professor of Psychology at Clemson University, Brackett Hall 410A, Clemson SC 29634-1355 USA. His most recent publications are "An Interactivist-Hermeneutic Metatheory for Positive Psychology" (with John Chambers Christopher, in Theory & Psychology) and "When the train left the station, with two lights on behind: The Eddie Willers story" in Ayn Rand's "Atlas Shrugged": A Philosophical and Literary Companion (edited by Edward W. Younkins and published by Ashgate). His chapter on "Constructive Process: Abstraction, Generalization, and Dialectics" is forthcoming in The Cambridge Companion to Piaget (edited by Ulrich Muller, Leslie Smith, and Jeremy Carpendale). BA, Harvard University, 1974; PhD, University of Texas, 1986
Robert L. Campbell	Clemson University Psychology Faculty Member	E-Mail: Campber@clemson.edu. Office: 410A Brackett Hall. T: (864) 656-4986 C: (864) 653-0187 Mail: Clemson State University 913 Berkley Drive, Clemson South Carolina 29631-2031	The Prohibition Against Psychologizing	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 July; 15 (1)	No	Treatment of Psychological Processing. Inference. Motive. Relationship to Objectivism. Moral Judgement.	The prohibition against psychologizing has been a source of confusion to many Randians. Psychologizing is the practice of incorrectly or improperly inferring motives in other people instead of rendering moral judgment. Rand thought that it could manifest in two ways: inquisitorial and excuse-making. However, Rand's concrete examples are preponderantly of the excuse-making type; her bright line between psychology and philosophy is unsuccessfully drawn; and in offering extended, strongly condemnatory analyses of the supposed motives behind psychologizing, she yields to the very temptation she claims to warn against. "Psychologizing" turns out to be an anticoncept.	ROBERT L. CAMPBELL is a professor of psychology at Clemson University. His recent publications include “Sources of Self-Esteem: From Theory to Measurement and Back Again” (with Sarah Eisner and Nicole Riggs, New Ideas in Psychology, 2010) and “The Rewriting of Ayn Rand’s Spoken Answers” (The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, 2011).
Reyhan Celik		N / A	Ayn Rand ve 'Yasamak Istiyorum' Romaninda Sovyet Dunyasinin	Zeitschrift fur die Welt der Turken (Journal of World of Turks)	N / A	2011 3 (3): 147-155	No	Ayn Rand. We the Living.	N / A	Language of Publication: Turkish. Journal of Young Turks is German, but the article is Turkish. So I can translate.
Gary Weiss	Journalist He wrote "The Mob in Wall Street"	E-Mail: garyweiss.email@gmail.com	The Pre-Objectivist Objectivist The Cool Objectivist	N / A	Ayn Rand Nation: The Hidden Struggle for America's Soul. New York: St. Martin's ISBN 9781429950787	2012	No	Ayn, Rand. (1905-1982). Role in American Politics.	N / A	N / A
Robert Hartford	PhD in Physics. Software Developer	N / A	Objectivity and the Proof of Egoism	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Spring; 8 (2)	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1984). Philosophical Prose.	Tibor R. Machan, Eric Mack, and Douglas B. Rasmussen present three differing analyses of Rand's view that the "choice to live" serves as the foundation of her ethical system. Hartford criticizes Machan's view that the choice is a "fundamental commitment." Hartford concludes that Rasmussen's assertion---that individual self-perfection is the natural end of human choice---cannot validate the choice to live. Hartford claims that Mack's analysis of the "function of valuing" as a bridge of the factual-normative gap can be strengthened. Hartford argues that carefully defining the meaning of "the choice to live" allows proof of its validity.	Robert Hartford received his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1971 and is a software developer. His interests include the foundations of ethics and application of epistemology and ethics to promote a culture of self-responsibility and political freedom.
Robert Hartford	PhD in Physics. Software Developer	N / A	A Political Standard for Absolute Political Freedom	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2011 July; 11 (1)	No	Treatment of Egoism. Relationship to ethics. Politics. Freedom.	This paper derives political freedoms from the ethics of egoism, demonstrates the equivalence of absolute political freedom and Liberty, and advocates absolute political freedom as a moral ideal. Protection of voluntary consent along an individual’s entire politically legitimate valuing chain provides a standard for identifying political freedoms. Actions meeting the standard are political freedoms. Actions violating the standard are violations of political freedom. As a political standard, protection of voluntary consent is presented as superior to either the non-initiation of force or the non-aggression axiom.	Robert Hartford earned a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1971. His interests include the foundations of ethics and the application of epistemology and ethics to promote a culture of self-responsibility and political freedom. He has presented talks at Objectivist conferences on the nature of value, a proof of egoism, absolute political freedom, and social justice. His paper, "Objectivity and the Proof of Egoism," appears in The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 8, no. 2 (Spring): 291-303.
Edward W. Younkins	Wheeling Jesuit University Professor of Accountancy & Business Administration Executive Director of the Institute for the Study of Capitalism and Morality	E-Mail: younkins@wju.edu. T: (304) 243-2255	Business in Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged	N / A	Capitalism and Commerce in Imaginative Literature: Perspectives on Business from Novels and Plays.	2016. Lexington Books. Lanham MD.	No	Treatment of Business. Relationship to Wealth. Profit. Values.	N / A	Edward W. Younkins, Professor, Department of Business, Wheeling Jesuit University, 316 Washington Avenue, Wheeling, West Virginia, 26003, is the author of numerous articles in accounting and business journals. In addition, his many free-market-oriented articles and reviews have appeared in a variety of publications. He is the author of Capitalism and Commerce: Conceptual Foundations of Free Enterprise (Lexington Books, 2002) and Champions of a Free Society: Ideas of Capitalism’s Philosophers and Economists (Lexington Books, 2008). He is the editor of Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged: A Philosophical and Literary Companion (Ashgate, 2007). His newest two books are Flourishing and Happiness in a Free Society: Toward a Synthesis of Aristotelianism, Austrian Economics, and Ayn Rand’s Objectivism (University Press of America, 2011) and Exploring Capitalist Fiction: Business through Literature and Film (Lexington Books, 2014).
Edward W. Younkins	Wheeling Jesuit University Professor of Accountancy & Business Administration Executive Director of the Institute for the Study of Capitalism and Morality	E-Mail: younkins@wju.edu. T: (304) 243-2255	Philosophical and Literary Integration in Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014. Dec. 14 (2)	No	Charecterization. Dialogue. Description. Treatment of Mind-Body Relations. Relationship to Objectivism.	N / A	Edward W. Younkins, Professor, Department of Business, Wheeling Jesuit University, 316 Washington Avenue, Wheeling, West Virginia, 26003, is the author of numerous articles in accounting and business journals. In addition, his many free-market-oriented articles and reviews have appeared in a variety of publications. He is the author of Capitalism and Commerce: Conceptual Foundations of Free Enterprise (Lexington Books, 2002) and Champions of a Free Society: Ideas of Capitalism’s Philosophers and Economists (Lexington Books, 2008). He is the editor of Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged: A Philosophical and Literary Companion (Ashgate, 2007). His newest two books are Flourishing and Happiness in a Free Society: Toward a Synthesis of Aristotelianism, Austrian Economics, and Ayn Rand’s Objectivism (University Press of America, 2011) and Exploring Capitalist Fiction: Business through Literature and Film (Lexington Books, 2014).
Edward W. Younkins	Wheeling Jesuit University Professor of Accountancy & Business Administration Executive Director of the Institute for the Study of Capitalism and Morality	Email: younkins@wju.edu Office Phone: 304-243-2255 Office Location: NTTC G16	Toward the Development of a Paradigm of Human Flourishing in a Free Society.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Spring 9 (2)	No	Ayn Rand. Treatment of individualism. Morality. Relationship to Civil Society.	N / A	Edward W. Younkins, Professor, Department of Business, Wheeling Jesuit University, 316 Washington Avenue, Wheeling, West Virginia, 26003, is the author of numerous articles in accounting and business journals. In addition, his many free-market-oriented articles and reviews have appeared in a variety of publications. He is the author of Capitalism and Commerce: Conceptual Foundations of Free Enterprise (Lexington Books, 2002) and Champions of a Free Society: Ideas of Capitalism’s Philosophers and Economists (Lexington Books, 2008). He is the editor of Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged: A Philosophical and Literary Companion (Ashgate, 2007). His newest two books are Flourishing and Happiness in a Free Society: Toward a Synthesis of Aristotelianism, Austrian Economics, and Ayn Rand’s Objectivism (University Press of America, 2011) and Exploring Capitalist Fiction: Business through Literature and Film (Lexington Books, 2014).
Edward W. Younkins	Wheeling Jesuit University Professor of Accountancy & Business Administration Executive Director of the Institute for the Study of Capitalism and Morality	Email: younkins@wju.edu Office Phone: 304-243-2255 Office Location: NTTC G16	Menger, Mises, Rand, and Beyond	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Spring; 6 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Capitalism. Relationship to Ludwig Von Mises and Carl Menger.	By combining and synthesizing elements found in Austrian economics, Ayn Rand's philosophy of Objectivism, and the closely related philosophy of human flourishing that originated with Aristotle, we have the potential to reframe the argument for a free society into a consistent reality-based whole whose integrated sum of knowledge and explanatory power is greater than that of its parts. The Austrian value-free praxeological defense of capitalism and the moral arguments of Rand, Aristotle, and the neo-Aristotelians can be brought together, resulting in a powerful, emergent libertarian synthesis of great promise.	Edward W. Younkins, Professor, Department of Business, Wheeling Jesuit University, 316 Washington Avenue, Wheeling, West Virginia, 26003, is the author of numerous articles in accounting and business journals. In addition, his many free-market-oriented articles and reviews have appeared in a variety of publications. He is the author of Capitalism and Commerce: Conceptual Foundations of Free Enterprise (Lexington Books, 2002). He also edited a collection of Michael Novak's articles and essays entitled Three in One: Essays on Democratic Capitalism (Rowman & Littlefield, 2001). His newest book, Philosophers of Capitalism: Menger, Mises, Rand, and Beyond will be published by Lexington Books in 2005.
Edward W. Younkins	Wheeling Jesuit University. Professor, Department of Business. Executive Director of the Institute for the Study of Capitalism and Morality	Mail: Professor of Accountancy & Business Administration Executive Director of the Institute for the Study of Capitalism and Morality Wheeling Jesuit University, 316 Washington Avenue Wheeling, West Virginia 26003 Email: younkins@wju.edu Office Phone: 304-243-2255 Office Location: NTTC G16	Toward the Development of a Paradigm of Human Flourishing in a Free Society	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Spring; 9 (2)	No	Treatment of individualism. Morality. Relationship to Civil Society.	This essay presents a skeleton of a potential conceptual framework for human flourishing in a free society. Its aim is to present a diagram that illustrates the ways in which its topics relate to one another and why they do. It argues for a plan of conceptualization rather than for the topics themselves. It emphasizes the interconnections among the components of the schema presented. It sees an essential interconnection between objective concepts, arguing that all of the disciplines of human action can be integrated into a paradigm of human flourishing based on the nature of man and the world.	Edward W. Younkins, Professor, Department of Business, Wheeling Jesuit University, 316 Washington Avenue, Wheeling, West Virginia, 26003, is the author of numerous articles in accounting and business journals. In addition, his many free-market-oriented articles and reviews have appeared in a variety of publications. He is the author of Capitalism and Commerce: Conceptual Foundations of Free Enterprise (Lexington Books, 2002). He is the editor ofAyn Rand’s "Atlas Shrugged": A Philosophical and Literary Companion(Ashgate, 2007). His newest book is Champions of a Free Society: Ideas of Capitalism's Philosophers and Economists (Lexington Books, 2008).
James Montmarquet	Tenesse State University. Professor Dept. of Languages, Literature, & Philosophy.	T: (615) 963-5734 E-Mail: jmontmarquet@tnstate.edu Mail: Tenesse State University Humanities Department (203) 3500 John A. Merritt Boulevard Nashville, TN 37209	Prometheus: Ayn Rand's Ethic of Creation	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N/A	2011; July 11 (1)	No	The Fountainhead (1943). Treatment of Hero. Creativity. Relationship to Prometheus. Ethics.	Like Prometheus, Ayn Rand's heroes would seem valuable much less for what they do for themselves, than for others. I argue, first, however, that the ethical scheme implied by her treatment of these figures is properly classed as neither "egoist" nor "altruist," for the value invested by the creator in his creation eludes both views. A more satisfactory Randian ethic of creation, it becomes clear, must involve a distinction between Nietzschean "self-reverence" versus mere "self-interest" and, much more substantially, Aristotle's distinction between those in whom "self-love" is good and those in whom it is not.	Dr. James Montmarquet specializes in Philosophy of Religion, Theory of Knowledge, Ethics, and Analytic Philosophy. James Montmarquet, Professor of Philosophy at Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee, has worked mainly on the subject of the moral and epistemic virtues. He is the author of Epistemic Virtue and Doxastic Responsibility (Rowman and Littlefield, 1993), and numerous articles.
Samuel Bostaph	University of Dallas (Professor of Economics [Emeritus])	e-mail: bostaph@acad.udallas.edu	Ayn Rand's Economic Thought	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N/A	2011; July 11 (1)	No	Treatment of Market Economy. Freedom. Relationship to Ethics. Politics.	N/A	Member of Ludwig Von Mises Institute Lawrence W. Fertig Prize in Austrian Economics.
Samuel Bostaph	University of Dallas (Professor of Economics [Emeritus])	e-mail: bostaph@acad.udallas.edu	Ayn Rand's Economic Thought	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N/A	2011 July; 11(1)	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1982). Treatment of Market Economy. Freeedom. Relationship to ethics. Politics.	This article explicates Ayn Rand's economic thought as expressed in her nonfiction and fiction writings. It concludes that Rand's formal knowledge of economics was relatively limited and that her case for the free market economy is almost entirely ethical and political. Nevertheless, her insight into the complexity of such an economy was acute and her view that true human flourishing is only possible in a laissez-faire context rested on the recognition that it is the only context that can completely liberate the creative potential of the human mind.	Samuel Bostaph, Professor Emeritus of Economics, University of Dallas, Irving, Texas, 75062, is the author of numerous scholarly and popular articles on economic theory, economic history, the history of economic thought and political economy. He is currently at work on a book on the main figures in the first and second generations of the Austrian School of Economics.
Walter E. Block	Loyola University. College of Business (Joseph A. Butt). Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair (Harold E. Wirth). Professor of Economics. Senior Fellow Mises Institute.	Mailing: Loyola University. College of Business 6363 St. Charles Avenue, Miller Hall 318 Box 15 New Orleans, LA 70118. e-mail: wblock@loyno.edu T: (504) 864-7934 F: (504) 864-7970	Ayn Rand, Religion, and Libertarianism	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N/A	2011 July; 11 (1)	No	Ayn Rand. Treatment of Religion. Relationship to Libertarianism.	Ayn Rand most certainly favored liberty, although she renounced the "libertarian" appellation. Yet, in her continuous, contemptuous and shrill attacks on religion, she was denigrating an institution that has made great contributions to freedom. The present essay is an attempt to right the balance; to demonstrate that religion and liberty are not the enemies supposed by Rand.	Website: www.walterblock.com
Walter E. Block	Loyola University. College of Business (Joseph A. Butt). Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair (Harold E. Wirth). Professor of Economics. Senior Fellow Mises Institute.	Mailing: Loyola University. College of Business 6363 St. Charles Avenue, Miller Hall 318 Box 15 New Orleans, LA 70118. e-mail: wblock@loyno.edu T: (504) 864-7934 F: (504) 864-7970	Ayn Rand, Atlas Shrugged, and Libertarnism	N/A	Capitalism and Commerce in Imaginative Literature: Perspectives on Business from Novels and Plays.	2016. Lexington Books. Lanham, MD.	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Relationship to Libertarianism.	N/A	Relevant Book Articles: Identity, Professional Ethics, and Substantive Style in the Fountainhead (William Kline)
Walter E. Block	Loyola University. College of Business (Joseph A. Butt). Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair (Harold E. Wirth). Professor of Economics. Senior Fellow Mises Institute.	Mailing: Loyola University. College of Business 6363 St. Charles Avenue, Miller Hall 318 Box 15 New Orleans, LA 70118. e-mail: wblock@loyno.edu T: (504) 864-7934 F: (504) 864-7970	Ayn Rand and Austrian Economics: Two Peas in a Pod	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)		2005 Spring. 6 (2).	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Capitalism. Government. Relationship to Austrian Society.	Ayn Rand highly recommended the economic writings of the Austrian school, particularly those of Ludwig von Mises. At least insofar as regards antitrust, money, and government, for the most part, paradoxically, the subjectivist Austrians, and the objectivist Randians, are as two peas in a pod. On the first two of these three, moreover, Rand and Murray Rothbard are on similar sides of the argument, at least vis-a-vis Mises and F. A. Hayek. With regard to the third, there is disagreement amongst the Austrians, and this is matched by ambivalence on the part of Rand herself.	Walter Block is the Harold E. Wirth Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair in Economics at Loyola University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118. He is also Adjunct Schos converted to libertarianism by Nathaniel Branden and Ayn Rand, whom he first met when the latter lectured at Brooklyn College, where he was an undergraduate.
Walter E. Block	Loyola University. College of Business (Joseph A. Butt). Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair (Harold E. Wirth). Professor of Economics. Senior Fellow Mises Institute.	Mailing: Loyola University. College of Business 6363 St. Charles Avenue, Miller Hall 318 Box 15 New Orleans, LA 70118. e-mail: wblock@loyno.edu T: (504) 864-7934 F: (504) 864-7970	The Libertarian Minimal State? A Critque of the Views of Nozick, Levin, and Rand.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall 4 (1)	No	Treatment of Capitalism. Libertarinism compared to Robert Nozick in Anarchy, State, and Utopia and Michael E. Levin A Hobbesian Minimal State.	Block discusses publications by Robert Nozick, the unjustifiably ignored Michael Levin, and Ayn Rand, each of whom has criticized anarcho-capitalism, the system that takes laissez-faire capitalism to its logical extension: here, all goods and services, particularly including courts, police, and armies would be provided by competing private firms and individuals. This paper considers their arguments (for Nozick, that anarcho-capitalism would naturally evolve into minarchism or limited government free enterprise without violating the libertarian nonaggression axiom; for Levin, that the philosophy of Hobbes is correct and requires a government for protection; for Rand, that anarcho-capitalism is incoherent) and rejects them.	Walter Block is the Harold E. Wirth Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair in Economics at Loyola University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118. He is also Adjunct Scholar at the Mises Institute and at the Hoover Institution. He has previously taught at the University of Central Arkansas, Holy Cross College, Baruch (C.U.N.Y.) and Rutgers Universities, and has worked in various research capacities for the Fraser Institute, the National Bureau of Economic Research, the Tax Foundation, The Financial Post, and Business Weekmagazine. Having earned his Ph.D. in economics from Columbia University, he has published numerous popular and scholarly articles on economics. An economic commentator on national television and radio, he lectures widely on public policy issues to university students, service, professional and religious organizations. He is the editor of a dozen books and is the author of seven more (the most famous of which is Defending the Undefendable). He has served as editor for The Journal of Labor Economics, Cultural Dynamics, The Review of Austrian Economics, The Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics,The Journal of Accounting, Ethics and Public Policy and The Journal of Libertarian Studies. He has contributed over 160 articles and reviews to these and other refereed journals. He was converted to libertarianism by Nathaniel Branden and Ayn Rand, whom he first met when the latter lectured at Brooklyn College, where he was an undergraduate.
John A. Parnell	University of Memphis. William Henry Belk Professor of Management.	Email: john.parnell@uncp.edu Phone: 910.521.6465 Office: Business Administration, Room 122	Reconciling Economics and Ethics in Business Ethics Education: The Case of Objectivism.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies: (JoARS)	N / A	2015 Dec; 15 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism / Capitalism / Ethics / Relationship to Business / Pedagogical Approach	Today, capitalism is in question, as the 2013 Academy of Management conference theme claimed. Many view business skeptically because they see capitalism as incompatible with ethics. The same problem pervades the business ethics education classroom. Business ethics can be taught in a way that demonstrates that economics and ethics are compatible and are integrated most directly in the function of management. This essay provides an overview of Ayn Rand's philosophy as an alternative to current conventions but largely consistent with approaches such as virtue ethics and conscious capitalism. The essay concludes with challenges to teaching Objectivism in business schools.	John A. Parnell is the Belk Chair Management at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke. He is the author of over two hundred basic and applied research articles, published presentations, and cases in strategic management, ethics, crisis management, and related areas, as well as two current textbooks, Strategic Management: Theory and Practice and Crisis Management: Leading in the New Strategy Landscape. He is the 2011 recipient of the Spirit of Inquiry award from the John W. Pope Center for Higher Education Policy for his course titled “Ethics and Capitalism.” He has lectured in a number of countries, including China, Mexico, Peru, and Egypt.
Eric B. Dent	Florida Gulf Coast University Endowed Chair of Ethics	Phone: (239) 590-7162 E-Mail: edent@fgcu.edu Office: Lutgert Hall 3340	Reconciling Economics and Ethics in Business Ethics Education: The Case of Objectivism.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies: (JoARS)	N / A	2015 Dec; 15 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism / Capitalism / Ethics / Relationship to Business / Pedagogical Approach	Today, capitalism is in question, as the 2013 Academy of Management conference theme claimed. Many view business skeptically because they see capitalism as incompatible with ethics. The same problem pervades the business ethics education classroom. Business ethics can be taught in a way that demonstrates that economics and ethics are compatible and are integrated most directly in the function of management. This essay provides an overview of Ayn Rand's philosophy as an alternative to current conventions but largely consistent with approaches such as virtue ethics and conscious capitalism. The essay concludes with challenges to teaching Objectivism in business schools.	Eric B. Dent is professor of leadership, Fayetteville State University. He is committed to an interdisciplinary research agenda that has resulted in publications in behavioral science, complexity theory, systems science, education, consulting, history, communications, spirituality, organization development, and philosophy journals. He has won numerous awards and is a consultant to Fortune 500, government, and nonprofit organizations as well as an invited speaker to national audiences. He earned B.S. and M.S. degrees in computer science from Emory University and an M.B.A. and Ph.D. in organizational behavior from George Washington University.
Myka Tucker-Abramson	University of Warwick. Assistant Professor of English	Mail: Department of English and Comparative Literary Studies Humanities Building University of Warwick Coventry, CV4 7AL Office: H421 E-Mail: m.abramson@warwick.ac.uk. T: +44 (0) 24 7652 3317528	A New Concept of Egoism': The Late Modernism of Ayn Rand	Journal of Modernism / Modernity	N / A	2014 Nov; 21 (4)	No	Ayn Rand (1905-1982). Russian American Writers. Treatment of Egoism. The Individual Relationship to Modernism. Capitalism. German Literature:	N / A	N / A
Kevin J. Porter	University of Texas at Arlington. Assistant Professor of English.	Mail: University of Texas at Arlington Arlington, TX 76019. 100B Carlisle Hall E-Mail: kporter1@uta.edu T: (817) 272-3112	Galt's Gulch: Ayn Rand's Utopian Delusion	Utopian Studies: Journal of the Society of Utopian Studies.	N / A	2012; 23 (1): 238-262	No	Treatment of Utopia. Relationship to Libertarnism.	N / A	N / A
Sharon Stockton	Dickinson College, Associate English Professor	E-Mail: stockton@dickinson.edu	Atlas Shrugged's Shock Doctrine	Modern Fiction Studies (MFS)	N / A	N / A2017 Spring; 63 (1)	No	Treatment of Urban Space. Relationship to Neoliberalism; Race; Shock.	N / A	SHARON STOCKTON's primary fields are contemporary literature and contemporary critical and rhetorical theory. Specific research interests include the modern to postmodern transition, Chicano/Latino literature, science and literature, and cultural criticism and theory.B.A., California State University at Fresno, 1985; M.A., 1987; Ph.D., University of Washington, 1991.
Sharon Stockton	Dickinson College, Associate English Professor	E-Mail: stockton@dickinson.edu	Stylistic Considerations for There Is and It Is	The SECOL Review: Southeastern Conference on Lingusitics	N / A	1995 Fall; 19 (2)	No	Use of expletive pronoun; compared to Ayn Rand; The Fountainhead (1943); William Faulkner; The Sound and the Fury	N / A	SHARON STOCKTON's primary fields are contemporary literature and contemporary critical and rhetorical theory. Specific research interests include the modern to postmodern transition, Chicano/Latino literature, science and literature, and cultural criticism and theory.B.A., California State University at Fresno, 1985; M.A., 1987; Ph.D., University of Washington, 1991.
Stephen Cox	U.C. San Diego Revelle College. Distinguished Professor. Of English Literature. Director of Humanities Program.	Mail: Revelle College Office GH 182 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093 E-Mail: sdcox@ucsd.edu. T: (858) 534-3311	N / A		The Economics of Fantasy: Rape in Twentieth-Century Literature.	Ohio State UP. 2006	No	Contents: Engineering Fascisim Ayn Rand, Ezra Pound, and the Virile Hero Mourning the Father	N / A	STEPHEN COX is Professor of Literature and Director of the Humanities Program at the University of California, San Diego. He is a founding co-editor of The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies and editor of Liberty Magazine.
Stephen Cox	U.C. San Diego Revelle College. Distinguished Professor. Of English Literature. Director of Humanities Program.	Mail: Revelle College Office GH 182 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093 E-Mail: sdcox@ucsd.edu. T: (858) 534-3311	Engineering Power: Hoover, Rand, Pound, and the Heroic Architect	American Literature: A Journal of Literary History	N / A	2000 Dec; 72 (4)	No	Ayn Rand. The Fountainhead. Treatment of architects. As Hero. Relationship to Fascism. Public Works. Herbet Hoover compared to Ezra Pound.	N / A	STEPHEN COX is Professor of Literature and Director of the Humanities Program at the University of California, San Diego. He is a founding co-editor of The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies and editor of Liberty Magazine.
Stephen Cox	U.C. San Diego Revelle College. Distinguished Professor. Of English Literature. Director of Humanities Program.	Mail: Revelle College Office GH 182 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093 E-Mail: sdcox@ucsd.edu. T: (858) 534-3311	Merely Metaphorical? Ayn Rand, Isabel Paterson, and the Language of Theory.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies. (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Spring; 8 (2)	No	Imagery of Engineering. Architectural Engineering. Relationship to reveiws. AR (1905-1982).	Admirers of Isabel Paterson's political and historical theory have often been critical of her use of imagery drawn from various branches of engineering. An examination of Ayn Rand's comments on this issue introduces important questions about the use of imagistic language in theory and description, the role of imagery in Paterson's theories, and the difficulties that Rand encountered in assessing those theories.	Stephen Cox is a Professor of Literature and Director of the Humanities Program at the University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0306. He is the author of, among other books, The Woman and the Dynamo: Isabel Paterson and the Idea of America(Transaction Publishers).
Stephen Cox	U.C. San Diego Revelle College. Distinguished Professor. Of English Literature. Director of Humanities Program.	Mail: Revelle College Office GH 182 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093 E-Mail: sdcox@ucsd.edu. T: (858) 534-3311	Ayn Rand		American Philosphers, 1950-2000. Detroit, MI.	Thomson Gale, 2003.		Dictionary of Literary Biography (DLB) 279	N / A	STEPHEN COX is Professor of Literature and Director of the Humanities Program at the University of California, San Diego. He is a founding co-editor of The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies and editor of Liberty Magazine.
Stephen Cox	U.C. San Diego Revelle College. Distinguished Professor. Of English Literature. Director of Humanities Program.	Mail: Revelle College Office GH 182 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093 E-Mail: sdcox@ucsd.edu. T: (858) 534-3311	Outsides and Insides: Reimaging American Capitalism.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies. (JoARS)	N / A	1999 Fall	No	Treatment of Capitalism. Ayn Rand. The Fountainhead.	Cox argues that American capitalism has found remarkably few exponents among modern American writers. Capitalists themselves have often been remarkably ineffective in expounding its principles. The most vigorous advocacy of capitalism has tended to come from people who stood at a distance from America's literary and social mainstream. Among them was Ayn Rand, who by writing from the "outside" succeeded in finding new imaginative constructions of the "inside" of American life. This essay examines the play of perspectives "inside" and "outside" in The Fountainheadand Atlas Shrugged, and the ironies and parodies that result from the literary relationships of those perspectives.	Stephen Cox is a professor of Literature and Director of the Humanities Program at the University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0306. He is the author of The Stranger Within Thee(University of Pittsburgh Press), Love and Logic: The Evolution of Blake's Thought (University of Michigan Press), The Titanic Story (Open Court), and the biographical introduction to Isabel Paterson's The God of the Machine(Transaction).
Darin Walsh	Independent Scholar	N / A	A Revival of the Ancient Tradition in Ethics: Aristotle Versus Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall; 4 (1)	No	Ayn Rand. The Virtue of Selfishness. The Fountainhead. Treatment of Ethics. Objectivism. Relationship to Aristotle. Nichomachean Ethics.	Walsh argues that, despite Rand's affection for Aristotle, her ethics is more in the modern, rather than the Aristotelian, tradition. Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics was never intended as a prescriptive normative treatise; rather, it offered an ontology of human excellence. Viewing that work through modern assumptions, Rand and others have misinterpreted its significance. A comparison of Aristotelian and Randian notions of happiness shows that the former is more philosophically profound than the latter.	Darrin Walsh is an independent scholar living in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, on the Canadian prairies, studied Mathematics, English and Philosophy at the University of Saskatchewan, in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. His interest in Ayn Rand began in high school when he read The Fountainhead. His favorite philosophers include Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Kant and Spinoza.
Henrik Van der Berg	University of Nebraska. Economics Professor (Emeritus)	Mail: University of Nebraska. CBA 350. P.O. Box 88048. Lincoln, NE 68588-0489. T: (402) 202-6997. E-Mail: hvan-den-bergl@unl.edu	Ayn Rand, Conservative Populists, and the Creed of Self-Immolation	N / A	Present Tense: A Journal of Rhetoric in Society	2011: 1 (2)	No	Ayn Rand. Atlas Shrugged. Rhetoric. Treatment of Populism. Market Economy. Victimization. Relationship to Conservatism.	N / A	N / A
Henrik Van Der Berg	University of Nebraska. Economics Professor (Emeritus)	Mail: University of Nebraska. CBA 350. P.O. Box 88048. Lincoln, NE 68588-0489. T: (402) 202-6997. E-Mail: hvan-den-bergl@unl.edu	The Magnificent Progress Achievement by Capitalism: Is the Evidence Incontrovertible?	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Spring: 5 (2)	No	Treatment of Capitalism. Social Progress.	Van Den Berg argues that Rand's claim that evidence of capitalism's success is "incontrovertible" cannot be confirmed using familiar annual GDP per capita figures. This article argues that annual GDP per capita cannot logically represent individual welfare because it measures an annual income flow while individuals judge their welfare by their lifetime income. Data are available to measure an economy's capacity to enhance individual lifetime welfare. Not only does this measure come closer to Rand's focus on the individual, it also suggests that the past 200 years of capitalist development have raised individual welfare even more than the familiar, but misleading, annual GDP measures show.	Hendrik Van Den Berg is an Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0489. He received his B.A. and M.A. degrees in economics from the State University of New York at Albany in 1971 and 1973, respectively. He was a Foreign Service Officer with the U.S. Department of State and served at the U.S. Embassy in Managua, Nicaragua and the U.S. Trade Center in São Paulo, Brazil from 1974 to 1979, and he was Planning Manager for Singer do Brasil (Subsidiary of the Singer Company) from 1980 to 1983. He enrolled at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1985; he received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Economics in 1987 and 1989, with a specialization in International Economics. He has published numerous articles on international trade, international finance, and economic growth. He has written two textbooks, Economic Growth and Development (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001), and International Economics (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004), and he is currently completing a manuscript on the theoretical relationship between free trade and economic growth.
Louis Torres	Independent scholar & critic Aristos Founder (Online Art Review) Member of The American Society for Aesthetics	Louis Torres is the co-editor and publisher of Aristos, a journal on the arts which he founded in 1982	Scholarly Engagement: When It Is Pleasurable; and When It Is Not	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring: 2 (2)	No	Treatment of Art. Aesthetics.	Torres examines key studies and commentaries on the nature of scholarship, especially regarding commonly accepted standards of scholarly writing, before responding to the essays in The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies' Aesthetics Symposium, most of which critiqued portions of What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand. He concludes that only two of the essays meet such standards as knowledge of subject matter, rules of evidence, clarity of communication (especially avoidance of jargon), and integrity (including honesty, objectivity, and civility)---even when critical of his and Michelle Kamhi's co-authored work. The other essays, he argues, are flawed in varying respects.	LOUIS TORRES is an independent scholar and critic. He is co-author of What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand (2000), and is co-editor of Aristos, an online review of the arts---successor to the print journal of the same name, which he founded in 1982, and co-edited until its discontinuation in 1997. A graduate of Rutgers University, where he majored in Psychology, he earned an M.A. in the teaching of English at Teachers College, Columbia University. Prior to founding Aristos, he taught English and arts appreciation in public and private high schools. He is a specialist in the neglected fiction of Jack Schaefer, author of Shane.
David J. Jilk	N / A	N / A	What Are Entities?	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2003 Fall: 5 (1)	No	Treatment of objectivism. Epistemology. Metaphysics.	Jilk argues that the division of existence into entities is a result of epistemological processes and is not intrinsic to existence. The physical content of what we call an entity exists independent of any conscious observer. But that which we call an entity is not actually separate in reality from the rest of existence---its isolation as independent is solely the result of objective epistemological processes.	David J. Jilk has had a longtime interest in Objectivism and in epistemology in particular. He has an extensive business background as an entrepreneur, investor, and executive in software and Internet companies. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and is currently studying computational models of cognitive systems at the University of Colorado, Boulder.
Eric Mack	Tulan University. Philosophy Professor. Murphy Insistute of Political Economy.	Mail: Tulan University. Philosophy Department. 105 Newcomb Hall, New Orleans, LA 70118 E-Mail: ericmack123@hotmail.com. T: (504) 862-3389. T2:(225) 769-4401	Problematic Argument in Random Ethics	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2003 Fall: 5 (1)	No	Treatment of Ehics. Virtue. Theories of Craig Biddle in Loving Life (2002)	The author critically surveys a range of arguments characteristic of Randian writings in ethics (including Craig Biddle's Loving Life). He focuses on "the Shuffle," a set of argumentative moves in which there is illicit shifting back and forth between causal and conceptual understandings and defenses of claims of the form: Man's survival requires man's behaving in manner X (e.g., being rational, being productive). Mack concludes that much Randian argumentation is deeply flawed and urges admirers to discriminate between Rand's genuine individualist ethical crusade and her line-by-line argumentation, which includes a much too strict identification of man's good with man's survival.	Eric Mack, Tulane University, Department of Philosophy, Newcomb Hall, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, is also a faculty member of Tulane's Murphy Institute of Political Economy. He has published extensively in scholarly journals and anthologies and lectured widely on topics in moral, political, and legal theory—especially on moral individualism and the agent-relativity of value, the philosophical foundation of moral rights, property rights, the legitimacy and authority (if any) of coercive institutions, the defense of classical liberalism against Marxist and egalitarian challenges, and classical liberal themes in the history of political philosophy.
Stephen Parrish	Concordia University. Philosophy Professor & Librarian. Member of the Evangelical Philosophical Society	Specializations: Philosophy of Religion, Philosophy of Mind, Metaethics. Author of God and Necessity: A Defense of Classical Theism	A Critique of Objectivist Metaethics	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2003 Spring: 4 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Ethics. Theories of Tara Smith in Viable Values.	Parrish critiques Tara Smith's defense of Objectivist metaethics. He argues that Smith fails to provide a successful defense of the Objectivist ethics and its standard of life as the ultimate value. Her theories lead to strongly counter-intuitive results and suggest larger problems for the Objectivist metaethics in general.	Stephen E. Parrish, Librarian and Asssistant Professor of Philosophy, Concordia University, 4090 Geddes Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48105, is the author of God and Necessity: A Defense of Classical Theism (University Press of America, 1997), and the co-author (with Francis J. Beckwith) of See the gods Fall (College Press, 1997), and The Mormon Concept of God: A Philosophical Analysis (Edwin Mellen Press, 1991).
James Arnt Anne	Texas A & M University. Comitted Suicide over sexually explicit photos involving an underage minor.	R.I.P. 2013	On Rhetorical Incorrectness	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall: 4 (1)	No	Relationship to Market Economy	James Arnt Aune responds to Leland B. Yeager's criticisms of Selling the Free Market"Economic Incorrectness," The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Fall 2001). Yeager fails to understand that the art of rhetoric is more than a matter of persuasive "tricks." Aune compares radical libertarians to Chomsky-style leftists as ideologues and America-haters and expresses regret that Yeager did not respond either to specific arguments against Rand's work or to the analysis of specific aspects of libertarian policy rhetoric.	James Arnt Aune is an Associate Professor, Department of Speech Communication, 102 Bolton Hall, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4234. He is a member of the Program in Presidential Rhetoric at the George Bush School of Government and Public Affairs. He is the author of the books Rhetoric and Marxism (Westview Press, 1994) and Selling the Free Market: The Rhetoric of Economic Correctness (Guilford Press, 2001), as well as a number of scholarly articles on the history of rhetoric and on public controversy over legal and economic issues.
James Arnt Anne	Texas A & M University. Comitted Suicide over sexually explicit photos involving an underage minor.	R.I.P. 2013	Rhetorical Incorrectness	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall: 4 (1)	No	Relationship to Market Economy	James Arnt Aune responds to Leland B. Yeager's criticisms of Selling the Free Market"Economic Incorrectness," The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Fall 2001). Yeager fails to understand that the art of rhetoric is more than a matter of persuasive "tricks." Aune compares radical libertarians to Chomsky-style leftists as ideologues and America-haters and expresses regret that Yeager did not respond either to specific arguments against Rand's work or to the analysis of specific aspects of libertarian policy rhetoric.	James Arnt Aune is an Associate Professor, Department of Speech Communication, 102 Bolton Hall, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4234. He is a member of the Program in Presidential Rhetoric at the George Bush School of Government and Public Affairs. He is the author of the books Rhetoric and Marxism (Westview Press, 1994) and Selling the Free Market: The Rhetoric of Economic Correctness (Guilford Press, 2001), as well as a number of scholarly articles on the history of rhetoric and on public controversy over legal and economic issues.
George B Lyons	Retired	E-Mail: GLyons@worldnet.att.net	Free Will and Determinism	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall: 4 (1)	No	Treatment of objectivism. Free Will. Relationship to Tibor R. Macham in Intitiative: Human Agency and Society (2000)	N / A	N / A
George B Lyons	Retired	E-Mail: GLyons@worldnet.att.net	Compatibilism and Evolution	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Fall 4 (1)	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Relationship to Daniel C. Dennett.	Lyons criticizes as essentially rationalistic both the Objectivist concept of free will in Tibor Machan's Initiative: Human Agency and Society, and William Dwyer's determinism (The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Fall 2001) in the compatibilist tradition derived from Hobbes. He draws attention to the general problem of compatibilism in modern philosophy. He focuses on how such scientific theorists as Daniel C. Dennett have gone beyond the ideas of Hobbes, in considering the complexities of action in evolutionary processes discovered by Darwin.	N / A
Merlin Jetton	University of illinios at Urabana-Champaign. Retired Actuary. Chartered Financial Analyst. Fellow of the Society of Actuaries.	N / A	Omissions and Measurement	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring; 7 (2)	No	Treatment of Measurement. Omission. Concept. Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology.	Ayn Rand said that measurement omission is an essential part of concept formation. This essay argues that something else is omitted much, even most, of the time. The nature of measurement is explored in order to support the argument. The author agrees with Rand's more general claim that concepts are grounded in similarities and differences. However, he argues that her theory is partly flawed in claiming that all differences between similar existents are ones of measurement.	Merlin Jetton is an investment actuary (retired), has a B.S. in math, is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries and a Chartered Financial Analyst. He has published articles in professional journals and periodicals, and several in the philosophy journal Objectivity.
Chris Cathcart	Posted on SOLO (Sense of Life Objectivists)	N / A	Defending the Argument	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring; 7 (2)	No	Relationship to Egoism. Rights.	Robert L. Campbell and Chris Cathcart offer several objections to Bass's essay, "Egoism versus Rights." In response to Campbell, Bass argues that no adequate reason has been given for defining "altruism" in the way that Rand did, since that formulation does not accurately describe most altruists. In response to Cathcart, Bass argues that since Cathcart accepts the incompatibility of rights and consequentialism, the question of the compatibility of rights and egoism turns out to be the question of whether egoism can be non-consequentialist. Bass argues that it cannot. Thus, neither reply succeeds in overturning Bass's central arguments.	Chris Cathcart received an M.A. in Philosophy from Bowling Green State University in 2000.
Robert H. Bass	University of North Carolina at Pembroke. Associate Professor of Philosophy.	Mail: Adjunct Associate Professor Department of Philosophy University of North Carolina at Pembroke T: 478) 238-3944 E-Mail: rhbass@gmail.com	Egoism Versus Rights	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring; 7 (2)	No	Relationship to Egoism. Rights. Libertarianism.	Rand's commitments to egoism and to libertarian rights are meant at least to be well-suited to fit together as parts of a comprehensive moral and political theory. After examining and rejecting arguments that ethical egoism is presupposed by libertarian rights, Bass develops an argument that the two theses are incompatible, that if egoism is true, then there are no rights, and that if there are rights, then egoism is not true. Then, he considers and responds to objections, and concludes with a challenge for theorists still inclined to suppose that the two are compatible.	Robert H. Bass is an Assistant Professor, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, South Carolina 29528, who received his Ph.D. for his dissertation, Towards a Constructivist Eudaemonism. He has published in political philosophy, intellectual history and ethics, and has been a frequent watcher and sometimes participant in online discussions of Objectivism. His current research centers upon the relation of virtue ethics to politics and to our treatment of animals.
Robert H. Bass	University of North Carolina at Pembroke. Associate Professor of Philosophy.	Mail: Adjunct Associate Professor Department of Philosophy University of North Carolina at Pembroke T: 478) 238-3944 E-Mail: rhbass@gmail.com	Egoism and Rights	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	Spring 2006; 7 (2)	No	Relationship to Egoism. Rights. Libertarianism.	Rand's commitments to egoism and to libertarian rights are meant at least to be well-suited to fit together as parts of a comprehensive moral and political theory. After examining and rejecting arguments that ethical egoism is presupposed by libertarian rights, Bass develops an argument that the two theses are incompatible, that if egoism is true, then there are no rights, and that if there are rights, then egoism is not true. Then, he considers and responds to objections, and concludes with a challenge for theorists still inclined to suppose that the two are compatible.	Robert H. Bass is an Assistant Professor, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, South Carolina 29528, who received his Ph.D. for his dissertation, Towards a Constructivist Eudaemonism. He has published in political philosophy, intellectual history and ethics, and has been a frequent watcher and sometimes participant in online discussions of Objectivism. His current research centers upon the relation of virtue ethics to politics and to our treatment of animals.
Douglas B. Rasmusen	St. John's University. Professor of Philsophy.	Mail: Professor of Philosophy St. John's University Jamaica, NY 11439 E-Mail: dbrlogos@earthlink.net. Office: St. John Hall, Room B30-6 T: 718-990-5434	Regarding Choice and the Foundation of Morality: Reflections on Rand's Ethics	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	Spring 2006; 7 (2)	No	Treatment of Ethics. Relationship to Human Nature.	This essay examines the relationship between human choice and Rand's ethical standard for moral goodness and obligation. It shows that the neo-Aristotelian interpretation of Rand's ethics---an interpretation that does not accept the doctrine of "premoral choice" but instead claims that flourishing as a rational animal is the telos of human life and choice---is crucial to the viability of her ethical theory. The defenders of premoral choice confuse the conceptual order with the real and, despite their intentions, make Rand's ethics into a voluntarist ethics, that is, an ethics in which reason is subordinate to will.	Douglas B. Rasmussen, Professor of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Jamaica, New York 11439, is coauthor (with Douglas J. Den Uyl) of Norms of Liberty: A Perfectionist Basis for Non-Perfectionist Politics (Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005).
Douglas B. Rasmusen	St. John's University. Professor of Philsophy.	"Mail: Professor of Philosophy St. John's University Jamaica, NY 11439 E-Mail: dbrlogos@earthlink.net. Office: St. John Hall, Room B30-6 T: 718-990-5434"	Rejoinder to Rand's Metaethics	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	Spring 2007; 8 (2)	No	Treatment of Ethics	In response to Robert Hartford's criticisms of his Spring 2006 Journal of Ayn Rand Studies essay, ""Regarding Choice and the Foundations of Morality,"" Rasmussen argues against ""the official"" interpretation of Rand's ethics as resting on a basic ""choice to live."" Drawing from his work with Douglas Den Uyl, Rasmussen argues that Rand's metaethics is best understood in ""biocentric,"" neo-Aristotelian terms: that human choice does not set the context in which it operates and that ""man's life qua man"" is the natural end of human life.	Douglas B. Rasmussen, Professor of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Jamaica, New York 11439, is coauthor (with Douglas J. Den Uyl) of Norms of Liberty: A Perfectionist Basis for Non-Perfectionist Politics (Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005).
Frank Bubb	Founding Member of the Atlas Society	R.I.P.	More Problematic Arguments in Randian Ethics	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	Spring 2006; 7 (2)	No	Treatment of Ethics	Frank Bubb and Tibor Machan raise objections to Mack's "Problematic Arguments in Randian Ethics." Bubb argues that a universalization test allows Rand to condemn every parasitic action---even ones that serve the agent's survival. But this universalization test is faulty; it calls upon individuals to act as would be rational if the world were not as it is. Machan argues that Rand can hold that the fundamental choice between life and death is ungrounded without being a subjectivist. But Machan does not successfully differentiate the putatively ungrounded choice between life and death from other choices that he admits are arbitrary.	Frank Bubb is a Trustee of The Objectivist Center and a retired corporate attorney. A graduate of Washington University with a B.A. in economics (1969) and the University of Pennsylvania Law School (1972), he was an attorney for Scott Paper Company for 20 years until its sale in 1995, specializing in securities, corporate finance, employee benefits and occupational safety and health. From 1996 to 2003, he was General Counsel of The Sports Authority, and retired when the company was sold in 2003. During the 1980s, he wrote over 60 op-ed articles that appeared in newspapers around the country, distributed by The Cato Institute or authored directly for The Philadelphia Inquirer and The Orange County Register, and wrote for The Freeman. He has also written for The New Individualist and its predecessor publication, Navigator.
Ari Armstrong	Online Blogger & Political Writer Wrote for the Objectivist Standard.	Website: https://ariarmstrong.com/about/	Ain Rend na Amerikanskom 'Tea Party': Dialog Konservatorov I radikalov	Inostrannaia Literatura (Russian)	N / A	2011 (1)	No	Role in Tea Party Movement	N / A	N / A
Ari Armstrong	Author / blogger	Mail: Ari Armstrong 9975 Wadsworth Pkwy. #K2-111, Westminster, Colorado 80021 Website: https://ariarmstrong.com/	Rejoinder to Michael Huemer: Direct Realism and Causation	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of perception. Relationship to Objectivism. Skepticism.	Armstrong disagrees with Huemer over the proper interpretation of the Objectivist theory of concepts. Huemer worries that Objectivists empty perception of content, while Armstrong argues that Objectivists recognize some content. However, Huemer attempts to inject conceptual content into perception, which explains why his treatment of illusions differs from that of Objectivists.	ARI ARMSTRONG graduated from Pepperdine University in 1994 with a B.A. in economics and a minor in philosophy. He edits The Colorado Freedom Report, and he has written articles about politics and culture for The Washington Post, The Denver Post, The Rocky Mountain News, Liberty, and other publications. ARI ARMSTRONG has been writing online about politics and culture in 1998 (before the term “blog” had been coined). He has written for the Objective Standard, Complete Colorado, and other publications. He has appeared on CNN, Denver’s 9News, Devil’s Advocate, and other television and radio shows. He is also the author of Reclaiming Liberalism and Other Essays on Personal and Economic Freedom and Values of Harry Potter: Lessons for Muggles. Ari won the 2009 Modern Day Sam Adams award, he was a finalist in the 2011 Hoiles Prize for regional journalism, and he received the Independence Institute’s 2015 Vern Bickel Award for Grassroots Leadership. See also the archives of Ari’s Free Colorado (aka Colorado Freedom Report), 1999–2007. Follow Ari via Twitter, Facebook, and email list."
Michael Huemer	University of Colorado at Boulder. Professor of Philosophy.	Mail: 169 Hellems Arts & Sciences Building University of Colorado UCB 232 Boulder, CO 80309-0232. E-Mail: michael.huemer@colorado.edu T: 303 492-7276. Office: Hellems 266	How to be a Perceptual Realist	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of Perception. Relationship to Objectivism. Skeptiscism. Theories of David Kelly.	In response to Ari Armstrong's essay, "A Direct Realist's Challenge to Skepticism," Huemer defends his views on two issues concerning the nature of perception, against the Objectivist position: First, he argues that perceptual experiences have propositional but nonconceptual content; second, he argues that in perceptual illusions, the senses misrepresent their objects. He finds that the Objectivist view that perception cannot misrepresent because it lacks propositional content not only is absurd but opens the door to philosophical skepticism.	Michael Huemer is an Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of Colorado at Boulder, received his Ph.D. from Rutgers University in 1998. His primary research is in the areas of epistemology and ethics. He is the author of Skepticism and the Veil of Perception (Rowman & Littlefield, 2001) and over twenty articles in philosophy.
Roderick T. Long	Auburn University. Philosophy Professor. Specializes in Greek Philosophy.	Mail: Department of Philosophy 6080 Haley Center Auburn University, AL 36849-3715 E-Mail: longrob@auburn.edu. Office: Haley Center 6086	Reference and Necessity: A Rand-Krype Synthesis	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of Truth. Relationship to Reference. Necessity. Thoeries of Kripke.	The widespread assumption among academic philosophers that no truth can be simultaneously necessary and factual, founded on the analytic-synthetic dichotomy, was challenged from outside the profession by Ayn Rand and Leonard Peikoff in the 1960s, and from within the profession by Saul Kripke and Hilary Putnam in the 1970s. Gregory M. Browne's book Necessary Factual Truth represents a long-overdue attempt to synthesize the Rand-Peikoff and Kripke-Putnam approaches into an integrated theory. While Browne's project is partially successful, it gives up one of the chief attractions of these approaches: the ability to preserve continuity of reference across radical theoretical change.	Roderick T. Long is an Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, 6080 Haley Center, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, A.B. Harvard 1985, Ph.D. Cornell 1992. He is the author of Reason and Value: Aristotle versus Rand (The Objectivist Center, 2000) and Wittgenstein, Austrian Economics, and the Logic of Action: Praxeological Investigations (Routledge, 2006). He edits The Journal of Libertarian Studies ; runs a fledgling think tank, the Molinari Institute; blogs atAustro-Athenian Empire; and is currently engaged in translating some of the works of Gustave de Molinari (1819-1912), the originator of free-market anarchism.
Peter Jaworski	Visiting Assistant Professor at the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University. Member of the Meracatus Center at George Mason.	N / A	Feser on Nozick	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Relationship to Libertariniasm. Robert Nozick. Review article.	Edward Feser's book On Nozick is an overview of the political philosophy of Robert Nozick from a rare perspective---a sympathetic one. In the space of a mere 100 pages, Feser manages to guide the reader through Nozick's Anarchy, State and Utopia, and to defuse some of the more popular criticisms leveled against it. With a few flaws---the most significant of which is the acute focus on Nozick's major work, to the exclusion of other papers and contributions---the overall effect of Feser's short work is impressive.	Peter Jaworski is a Humane Studies Fellow completing an MSc in Philosophy and Public Policy at the London School of Economics. He received an MA in Philosophy from the University of Waterloo under the supervision of Jan Narveson, and will be pursuing his Ph.D. in Philosophy at Bowling Green State University. He has been published in the Reader's Digest, the National Post, the Western Standard, among others. He has interned at the Cato Institute as a Charles G. Koch Fellow, as well as at the Fraser Institute (Canada). He is the winner of the 2005 Felix Morley Journalism Prize. He is an editorial board member of Ama-Gi: The Journal of the Hayek Society at the London School of Economics. He was an Issue Editor of Eidos: The Canadian Graduate Student Journal of Philosophy, for an issue devoted to the political philosophy of Robert Nozick.
Nicholas Dykes	Philosopher & Novelist	Website: nick@nicholasdykes.com	The Facts of Reality: Logic and History in Objectivist Debates Debates about Government.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of History. Relationship to objectivism. Political ideaologies. The individual. Human Rights. Theories of David Kelly.	This essay examines Objectivist thinking on anarchism and minarchism. Drawing on a wide range of historical and anthropological sources, the author calls into question a number of standard Objectivist positions, such as 'government is essential to protect rights'; 'only government can create objective law'; and 'government is required to create the legal basis for commerce.' He also addresses the nature of individual rights, and concludes by querying some of Ayn Rand's interpretations of history.	Nicholas Dykes is a British/Canadian writer currently living in England. His philosophical essays include "Debunking Popper" (Reason Papers #24, 1999); "A Tangled Web of Guesses: A Critical Examination of the Philosophy of Karl Popper" (1996); and "Mrs. Logic and the Law" (1998), a critique of Ayn Rand's view of government. His work has also appeared in Full Context, Free Life, and other journals. A book, Fed Up with Government? The manifesto for a British Libertarian Party, was published in 1991. He is currently working on a novel.
Candice Jackson	Lawyer. Southern California. Pepperdine Law Deputy Assistant Secretary for Strategic Operations and Outreach in the Office for Civil Rights of the U.S. Department of Education	Mail: U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights 400 Maryland Avenue. SW Washington, D.C. 20202-1100. Telephone: 1-800-421-3481 FAX: 202-453-6012	Our Unethical Constitution	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Spring; 6 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Politics. Constitution of the United States. Ethics. Relationship to Murray Newton Rothbard.	In this article, the political ethics of Ayn Rand and Austrian economist Murray N. Rothbard are compared. Rand and Rothbard championed nearly identical fundamental principles of political ethics---chiefly, the right of every person to control his own life. Both Rand and Rothbard argued that the American system of government was originally intended to be grounded in this individual rights ethic. However, examination of historical and contextual factors demonstrates that the U.S. Constitution fails to embody the political ethics espoused by Rand and Rothbard.	Candice E. Jackson, Esq., Jackson & Shoemaker, Inc., A Professional Law Corporation, 1411 Fifth Street, Suite 400, Santa Monica, California 90401, is an attorney in southern California. After serving as Litigation Counsel in the California office of Judicial Watch, Inc., she began her own law practice, Jackson & Shoemaker. She also co-authors articles with economist William L. Anderson critiquing the federal criminal justice system. Their articles have appeared in The Independent Review, Reason magazine, and The Freeman. Her forthcoming book from World Ahead Publishing, Inc. explores the connection between former President Clinton's leftist ideology and his rampant mistreatment of women (expected Spring 2005).
Steven Horwitz	Former faculty St. Lawrence University. Charles A. Dana Professor of Economics . Miller College of Business. Distinguished professor of free enterprise.	John H. Schnatter Distinguished Professor of Free Enterprise Department of Economics Miller College of Business Ball State University Muncie, IN 47306 765 285 5384 Email: sghorwitz at bsu dot edu T: (765) 285-5384	Two Worlds at Once: Rand, Hayeck, and the Ethics of the Micro-and Macro-Cosmos	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Spring; 6 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Capitalism. Ethics. Relationship to Fredrick August von Hayeck.	Although both Rand and Hayek supported capitalism, their ethical systems were distinctly different. This paper explores these differences and how they apply to the institution of the family. It concludes that Rand's ethical system matches very well with what Hayek sees as necessary in the "Great Society" of the macro-cosmos, but that our understanding of the institution of the family seems better suited to a more altruistic ethical code. The challenge for a Hayekian ethics that pays attention to institutional contexts is how to ensure that the complex process of making those distinctions is learned as children pass into adulthood.	Steven Horwitz is an Associate Dean of the First Year and Professor of Economics, St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York 13617. He is the author of two books, Microfoundations and Macroeconomics: An Austrian Perspective (Routledge, 2000) and Monetary Evolution, Free Banking, and Economic Order (Westview, 1992). He has written extensively on Austrian economics, Hayekian political economy, monetary theory and history, and macroeconomics. His work has been published in professional journals such as History of Political Economy, Southern Economic Journal, The Review of Austrian Economics. Horwitz currently serves as the book review editor of The Review of Austrian Economics and is past president of the Society for the Development of Austrian Economics.
Richard C.B. Johnsson	Ph.D. in Economics. Lives in Stockholm, Sweden. Ludwig Von Mises Institute. Works published in Quartely Journal of Austrian Economics	N / A	Subjectivism, Intrincism, and Aphorism: Rand Among the Austrians.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Spring; 6 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Capitalism. Economic Value. Relationship to Ludwig Von Mises and Carl Menger.	With its features of subjectivism, intrinsicism and apriorism, how could one possibly integrate Austrian economics with Ayn Rand's Objectivism? This paper does not argue that it is possible; rather, it sets out similarities on some central tenets, and suggests means to resolve the apparent obstacles. Possible directions for future thought are outlined with an emphasis on the works of Carl Menger, Eugen von Boehm-Bawerk, and others.	Richard C. B. Johnsson earned his Ph.D. in economics 2003 from University of Uppsala, Sweden. His address is: Katarina Jagellonikas väg 14, SE-193 31 Sigtuna, Sweden. He has been published in top mainstream economics journals, while secretly pursuing his interest in political and economic freedom. He has been working as a researcher at The Ratio Institute, Stockholm, Sweden during 2003-2004 and is currently contemplating the historical evidence of extraterritorial constitutions, personal law, and panarchy as a freelance reader.
Roderick T. Long	Professor of Philosphy & Libertarian Blogger	Mail: Auburn University Department of Philosophy 6080 Haley Center Aubrn, AL 36830 T: 1-334-844-3782 E-Mail: longrob@auburn.edu	Praxeology: Who Needs It.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Spring; 6 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism; capitalism; government; Relationship to Ludwig Von Mises	Despite her admiration for the economic theories of Ludwig von Mises, Ayn Rand rejects Mises's central concept of "praxeology," the science of human action. Yet the features of Misesian praxeology that Rand finds most objectionable---its aprioristic methodology, its value-subjectivism, and its claims about motivational psychology---can be reinterpreted in ways that make them congenial to Rand's philosophical principles while still preserving the essential points that Mises wishes to make.	Roderick T. Long is an Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, 6080 Haley Center, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, A.B. Harvard 1985, Ph.D. Cornell 1992. He is the author of Reason and Value: Aristotle versus Rand (The Objectivist Center, 2000) and Wittgenstein, Austrian Economics, and the Logic of Action: Praxeological Investigations (Routledge, 2006). He edits The Journal of Libertarian Studies ; runs a fledgling think tank, the Molinari Institute; blogs at Austro-Athenian Empire ; and is currently engaged in translating some of the works of Gustave de Molinari (1819-1912), the originator of free-market anarchism.
Larry J. Sechrest	Sul Ross State University, Professor of Economics. Director of Free Enterprise Institute. University of Texas Arlington, Instructor. Independent Institute (Research Fellow)	R.I.P. (1946-2008)	Alan Greenspan, Rand, Repuublicans, and Austrian Critics.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Spring; 6 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Captialism. Government. Relatioship to Alan Greenspan.	Greenspan's life, with emphasis on his attraction to Objectivism in the 1960s and his "public service" since 1974. This sketch is based primarily on three recent biographies of Greenspan---books by Bob Woodward, Jerome Tuccille, and Justin Martin---which are themselves reviewed. Second, it explains why Austrian business cycle theory is crucial to a proper assessment of Greenspan's performance as head of the Federal Reserve. The paper concludes that that performance has been significantly overrated by almost everyone except Austrian economists.	Larry J. Sechrest is a Professor of Economics and Director of the Free Enterprise Institute, Sul Ross State University, Alpine, Texas 79832. He is the author of Free Banking: Theory, History, and a Laissez-Faire Model (Quorum Books). His research interests include free banking, business cycles, history of economic thought, economic history, maritime history, law and economics, and the philosophical foundations of economics.
Bernice Glatzer	Fordham University Professor Emeritus of History.	Email: rosenthal@fordham.edu Office: Dealy Hall 617 Phone: 718-817-3936	The Russian Subtext of Atlas Shrugged and the Fountainhead.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall; 6 (1)	No	Subtext. Relationship to Russia.	Ayn Rand projected her experiences in Russia onto an American canvas. The collapse of the economy described in Atlas Shrugged actually happened in Russia between 1916 and 1921. The economic and political policies of the government in the novel resemble those of the Bolsheviks in the first decade of their rule. The protagonists of Atlas Shrugged reject Russian values and ideals, especially the mystique of suffering and self-sacrifice. The subtext of The Fountainhead is the intellectual and cultural milieu of the 1920s, the paradigmatic role of architecture, and the spiritual collectivism of prominent Christian opponents of ""materialistic"" Bolshevism.	Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal is a Professor of History, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458. She received her Ph.D. in History at the University of California at Berkeley in 1970. She teaches Russian/Soviet History and Intellectual History of Europe, and has published widely on Russian intellectual and cultural history from the late nineteenth century to the present. She has edited anthologies such as Nietzsche in Russia (Princeton University Press) and Nietzsche and Soviet Culture: Ally and Adversary (Cambridge University Press), and is the author of New Myth, New World: From Nietzsche to Stalinism (Pennsylvania State University Press).
Mathew Stoloff	Jersey Lawyer	Website: stoloff-law.com	Integrating Mind and Body	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall; 6 (1)	No		Objectivism holds that there is no mind-body dichotomy. Unfortunately, many fitness enthusiasts fail to adopt a rational fitness program. This article highlights champion bodybuilder Mike Mentzer's application of Objectivist principles to integrating mind and body. In his books, Ayn Rand's Influence on Mentzer's Understanding of the Science of Bodybuilding is clear and incontrovertible. Since Mentzer became an outspoken advocate of Rand's philosophy in the early 1990s, publishing books and numerous articles in several bodybuilding magazines, his impact in the health fitness world has been immeasurable.	Matthew Stoloff holds a B.A. in philosophy from the University of Cincinnati, a Masters in Labor Relations and Human Resources from the School of Labor and Industrial Relations at Michigan State University, and a Masters in Criminal Justice from the John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York. His current research interests include labor law, corporate campaigns, and corporate crimes. He authors an online guide to Rand scholarship.
Stephen Cox	UC San Diego, Revelle College, Professor of English Literature / Faculty Fellow	Office: GH 182 T: (858) 534-3311 Email: sdcox@ucsd.edu	Completing Rand's Literary Theory	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall; 6 (1)	No	Relationship to Literary Theory and Criticism	Ayn Rand's literary theory is capable of significant development and extension. Particularly worthy of study are relationships between literary principles and literary practices, such as the creation of implicit or explicit patterns of meaning, the use of common experience and common sense, the provision of cognitive and emotional transformation, the application of control devices to guide readers' understanding, and the assessment of literature in respect to standards of truth and taste.	Stephen Cox is a Professor of Literature and Director of the Humanities Program at the University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0306. He is the author, most recently, of The Woman and the Dynamo: Isabel Paterson and the Idea of America (Transaction Publishers).
Erika Holzer	American Novel & Essayist. Part of AR's inner circle since her husband was AR's lawyer. She is a lawyer.	N / A	Passing the Torch	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Fall; 6 (1)	No	Sources in Ayn Rand. Creative Processes.	Holzer revisits her personal and professional relationship with literary mentor, Ayn Rand, as she reassesses the impact Rand had on her fiction- writing career. Demonstrating how Rand had a profound influence both on what she has written and how she has written it, Holzer gives concrete reality to her early experiences with Rand, turning provocative anecdotes and private conversations into a multifaceted series of revelations: part memoir, part fiction writer's guide, part tribute.	Erika Holzer, Juris Doctor, New York University Law School, was (with her husband) Ayn Rand's lawyer in the mid- to late-60s. and her husband co-produced and she co-scripted (with Duncan Scott) the 1941 Italian movie Noi Vivi/Adio Kira, based on Rand's We the Living. A fulltime novelist/essayist, Holzer's fiction includes Double Crossing (Putnam), human-rights espionage, and Eye for an Eye (St. Martin's Press), vigilante "justice"---also a Paramount Pictures feature film (director: John Schlesinger; starring Kiefer Sutherland and Sally Field). Non-fiction books, co-authored with her husband, include: "Aid and Comfort": Jane Fonda in North Vietnam (McFarland) and Fake Warriors (Xlibris).
Michael Huemer	University of Colorado Philosophy Professor	Mail: Prof. Michael Huemer Philosophy Department. CB 232 University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0232. E-Mail: michael.huemer@colorado.edu. T: 303 492-7276. Office: Hellems 266	Egoism and Prudent Predation	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Spring; 5 (2)	No	Treatment of egoism. Relationship to predator.	Huemer responds to Michael Young's argument that an ethical egoist should not embrace prudent predation because accepting a principle of prudent predation has serious negative consequences over and above the consequences of individual predatory acts. In addition, he addresses the advantages Young claims for an agent-relative conception of value over an agent-neutral one. He finds that the agent-relative conception does not clearly have any of the advantages Young names, and that some paradigmatic uses of the concept of value are agent-neutral.	Michael Huemer is an Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Philosophy Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0232. He received his Ph.D. from Rutgers University in 1998. His primary research is in the areas of epistemology and meta-ethics. He is the author of Skepticism and the Veil of Perception (Rowman & Littlefield, 2001).
Michael Young	Former Philosophy Graduate Student at Brown University	N / A	On Egoism and Predatory Behavior	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Spring; 5 (2)	No	Treatment of egoism. Relationship to predator.	Young argues against Michael Huemer's contention that egoism demands sacrificing others. The centrality of mutual trust in achieving vital socially-produced goods requires that egoism strictly limit, in degree and scope, any allowable predation. The need for genuine and meaningful social recognition and affirmation rules out achieving mutual trust while secretly being a predator. Egoism may not support a strong Randian principle of never sacrificing others for the benefit of oneself but it plausibly supports a principle of never achieving particular benefits for oneself by imposing on others costs that undermine mutual trust.	Michael Young, Department of Philosophy, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02904, is a philosophy graduate student at Brown.
Stephen Boydstun	University of Chicago. Former grad student in physics and philosophy. Illinois Institute of Technology. Engineering Graduate	E-Mail: stephen.boydstun@gmail.com Articles on: rebirthofreason.com (A site "intended to advance Objectivism.	Universals and Measurement	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2004 Spring; 5 (2)	No	Treatment of Concept. The Univeral. Measurement.	boydstun argues that Rand's measurement-omission analysis of concepts implies a distinctive magnitude structure for metaphysics. This is structure beyond logical structure, constraint on possibility beyond logical constraint. Yet, it is structure ranging as widely as logical structure through all the sciences and common experience. Boydstun uncovers this distinctive magnitude structure, characterizing it by its automorphisms, by its location among the mathematical categories, and by the types of measurement it affords. He uncovers a structure to universals implicit in Rand's theory that is additional to recurrence structure.	Stephen Boydstun earned his B.S. degrees in physics and engineering, with graduate studies in physics and philosophy, and was founder and editor of the philosophy journal Objectivity (1990-98). HE created, financed, and edited Objectivity, a hardcopy "journal of metaphysics, epistemology, and theory of value informed by modern science" (1990-98). All issues of Objectivity are now freely available online for readers and researchers.
Sheldon Richman	Research Fellow at the Independent Institute Author of Separating School & State: How to Liberate America's Families Former Editor of The Freeman published by FEE (Foundation for Economic Education) Wrote thousands of short articles	Education: Temple University Contact: Through Website @ http://www.independent.org/aboutus/person_detail.asp?id=261	Szasz and Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring; 7 (2)	No	Treatment of Psychriatry. Mental Health. Coercion. Compared to Nathaniel Branden. Review Article.	This review essay on Thomas Szasz's book Faith in Freedom: Libertarian Principles and Psychiatric Practices elaborates Szasz's position that mental illness is a myth, psychiatry is pseudo-medicine, and imposed psychiatric treatments are assaults and incarcerations. It then describes Szasz's critical chapters on Ayn Rand's and Nathaniel Branden's views on psychiatry, mental health, and psychiatric coercion.	Sheldon Richman Editor of The Freeman (Foundation for Economic Education); senior fellow, Future of Freedom Foundation; and research fellow, Independent Institute. He maintains the blog Free Association. He is the author of Separating School and State: How to Liberate America's Families, Your Money or Your Life: Why We Must Abolish the Income Tax, and Tethered Citizens: Time to Repeal the Welfare State (all published by The Future of Freedom Foundation). His articles have appeared in The American Scholar, Journal of Libertarian Studies, Independent Review, Libertarian Forum, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, Washington Times, USA Today, and other magazines and newspapers.
Ron Beadle	Northumbria University, Newcastle. Professor of Organization & Business Ethics.	E-Mail: ron.beadle@northumbria.ac.uk	Rand and MacIntyre on Moral Agency	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Spring; 9 (2)	No	Treatment of Morality. Agency. Compared to Macintyre Alsaidair Chalmers	This paper contrasts the work of Ayn Rand and Alasdair MacIntyre on moral agency. Both argue that moral agency requires the application of a consistent moral code across relationships with others and that such consistency is rarely evident in the modern social order. However, while MacIntyre holds this failure to be a defining feature of the modern social order, Rand holds this to be a failure of individuals and a marker of a wider cultural confusion. While Rand sees selfishness and capitalism as the means to overcome individual and institutional "mixed premises," MacIntyre condemns both.	Ron Beadle is a Principal Lecturer in Organisation and Human Resource Management, Newcastle Business School, University of Northumbria, City Campus East, Newcastle upon Tyne England NE1 8ST. He has written on Ayn Rand and Elliott Jaques with Martyn Dyer-Smith in The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (vol. 3, no. 1) and published book chapters and journal articles on undertaking empirics using MacIntyre's 'goods, virtues, practices, institutions' framework in Organisation Studies (with Geoff Moore), Philosophy of Management, Tamara (Post-Modern Journal of Critical Organisation Science), and Culture and Organisation (with David Konyot).
Andrew Schwartz	Therapist in Austin Texas.	Mail: Mental Health Fast Track 1000 Westbank Drive, Ste. 6-250 78746 T: 512-240-2574 Website: http://www.andrewschwartz.net/	Self-as-Organism and Sense of Self: Toward a Differential Conception	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Fall; 9 (1)			This article proposes that Rand's identification of self with mind is at odds with an approach to self that would optimally recognize and honor the integrated nature of mind and body. The article seeks to demonstrate the logic and value of identifying the self with the whole organism, and proposes that differentiating the self from the sense of self is crucial to developing objectivity of self-understanding and a skillful lifestyle.	Andrew Schwartz is a personal coach and workshop leader residing in Los Angeles. He has been working in the personal development field since 2000, integrating into his coaching a variety of influences, from Gestalt and Ericksonian to Reichian and Brandenian approaches to treatment. His psychotherapy vignettes have appeared on the Atlasphere.
Neil K. Goodell	Retired R & D Engineer & Manager	N / A	To Think or Not: A Structural Resolution to the Mind-Body and Free Will-Determinism Problem	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Fall; 9 (1)	No	Treatment of mind-body relations; free-will; determinism.	The mind-body and free will-determinism problem is presented as an instance of the more general top-down versus bottom-up process model. The construct of a metaphysical hierarchy consisting of 3 levels (matter, life and mind) is introduced, with each level governed by emergent, non-overlapping fundamental causal forces. Rand's theories of epistemology, language, and volition are shown to be inherently circular and impossible to be true. The concepts of metaphysical identity and epistemological identity are introduced. Metaphysics and epistemology are recharacterized in exclusively bottom-up terms informed by recent advances in the natural sciences, along with theories for perception, similarity, language, and volition.	Neil K. Goodell is a retired R&D engineer and manager, holds an M.A. in experimental psychology, and is a prior moderator of the OWL (Objectivism, WeTheLiving) online discussion group. Recent research has focused on how the brain learns to perceive, both empirically and as a theoretical model.
Roderick T. Long	Auburn University, Philosophy Professor	Mail: Department of Philosophy 6080 Haley Center Auburn University Auburn, Alabama 36830 U.S.A. T: 1-334-844-3782 E-Mail: longrob@auburn.edu	Browne's Terminological Revolutions	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No		While regarding Gregory M. Browne as mainly on target in his Rand-inspired treatment of reference and necessity, as well as in his rejection of the analytic-synthetic dichotomy, Long argues, first, that Browne is mistaken in rejecting some other vital distinctions, such as the a priori / a posteriori distinction; second, that Browne is nevertheless implicitly committed, under different terminology, to these very distinctions that he purportedly rejects; and third, that Browne's treatment of kinds and definitions leads him to misdescribe and misprescribe ordinary language use, and also to embrace unnecessary semantic incommensurability.	Roderick T. Long is an Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, 6080 Haley Center, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, A.B. Harvard 1985, Ph.D. Cornell 1992. He is the author of Reason and Value: Aristotle versus Rand (The Objectivist Center, 2000) and Wittgenstein, Austrian Economics, and the Logic of Action: Praxeological Investigations (forthcoming, Routledge, 2007). He edits The Journal of Libertarian Studies; runs a fledgling think tank, the Molinari Institute; blogs at Austro-Athenian Empire; and is currently engaged in translating some of the works of Gustave de Molinari (1819-1912), the originator of free-market anarchism. He is a co-editor of The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies.
Gregory M. Browne	Eastern Michigan University, Philosophy Professor (Part-Time Lecturers)	Mail: Eastern Michigan University. Department of Philosophy Pray Harrold Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197 E-Mail: gbrowne@emich.edu	The 'Grostesque' Dichotomies Still Unbeuatified	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No		This essay strongly affirms, rather than denies, continuity of reference across theory change, while reconciling this with other claims made in the book Necessary Factual Truth, and in addition defends the book's claim that all non-disjunctive qualities common to the paradigms are essential to a kind, discusses its arguments against truth by convention, and denies that its attempt to show Newton's axioms necessary is a priori, rejecting the a priori altogether.	Gregory M. Browne is an Instructor at Eastern Michigan University and sometimes other Michigan colleges, is the author of Necessary Factual Truth (University Press of America, 2001), which presents, elaborates and advocates a position similar to that of Leonard Peikoff in "The Analytic-Synthetic Dichotomy." He has also written "Future Contingents" (unpublished). He has a B.A. in an interdisciplinary social sciences program and in political science (1979), an M.A. in political science (1984), and an M.A. (1988) and Ph.D. (1994) in philosophy, from Michigan State University.
Fred Seddon	Pennsylvania State Univesity. Philosophy Professor. President of the West Virginia Philosophical Society Member Center for the Philosophy of Science at U.P.M.C. International Scholar and author of three books including AYN RAND, OBJECTIVISTS AND THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY	E-Mail: fas12@psu.edu. T: (814) 949-5258	Rejoinder to Michelle Marder Kamhi: Family Feud.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 Dec; 15 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism; Relationship to Visual Arts.	The author responds to Michelle Marder Kamhi's reply to his review of her book, Who Says That's Art? He takes her to task on a few issues, but largely sees this as a mere skirmish between two colleagues who agree on many fundamentals.	Fred Seddon currently holds adjunct professorships at three universities in South Western Pennsylvania. He has been president of the West Virginia Philosophical Society since 1988 and is an associate member of the Center for the Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh. He is an international scholar and the author of over 100 books, articles, book reviews and speeches, including such works as Ayn Rand, Objectivists and the History of Philosophy , An Introduction to the Philosophical Works of F. S. C. Northrop, and Aristotle and Lukasiewicz on the Principle of Contradiction.
Fred Seddon	Pennsylvania State Univesity. Philosophy Professor. President of the West Virginia Philosophical Society Member Center for the Philosophy of Science at U.P.M.C. International Scholar and author of three books including AYN RAND, OBJECTIVISTS AND THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY	E-Mail: fas12@psu.edu. T: (814) 949-5258	E-Book Enthusiasm	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 Dec; 14 (2)	No	English Summary of Michelle Marder. Who Says That's Art? A Commonsense View of the Visual Arts. Mentions of AR.	In this review, two significant works published in e-book format demand the attention of Rand scholars: Roger E. Bissell's book How the Martians Discovered Algebra: Explorations in Induction and the Philosophy of Mathematics and Michelle Marder Kamhi's Who Says That's Art? A Commonsense View of the Visual Arts. Covering wildly different territory, the two works make an important contribution to the literature.	Fred Seddon currently holds adjunct professorships at three universities in South Western Pennsylvania. He has been president of the West Virginia Philosophical Society since 1988 and is an associate member of the Center for the Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh. He is an international scholar and the author of over 100 books, articles, book reviews and speeches, including such works as Ayn Rand, Objectivists and the History of Philosophy , An Introduction to the Philosophical Works of F. S. C. Northrop, and Aristotle and Lukasiewicz on the Principle of Contradiction.
Fred Seddon	Pennsylvania State Univesity. Philosophy Professor. President of the West Virginia Philosophical Society Member Center for the Philosophy of Science at U.P.M.C. International Scholar and author of three books including AYN RAND, OBJECTIVISTS AND THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY	E-Mail: fas12@psu.edu. T: (814) 949-5258	Nyquist Contra Rand, Part II	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No	Treatment of Human Nature. Relationship to logic.	Seddon echoes comments he made in his original Spring 2003 Journal of Ayn Rand Studies review of Greg Nyquist's book, Ayn Rand Contra Human Nature. He argues that Nyquist's reply still does not grasp fully the Objectivist view of logic and the role of induction.	Fred Seddon currently holds adjunct professorships at three universities in South Western Pennsylvania. He has been president of the West Virginia Philosophical Society since 1988 and is an associate member of the Center for the Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh. He is an international scholar and the author of over 100 books, articles, book reviews and speeches, including such works as Ayn Rand, Objectivists and the History of Philosophy , An Introduction to the Philosophical Works of F. S. C. Northrop, and Aristotle and Lukasiewicz on the Principle of Contradiction.
Fred Seddon	Pennsylvania State Univesity. Philosophy Professor. President of the West Virginia Philosophical Society Member Center for the Philosophy of Science at U.P.M.C. International Scholar and author of three books including AYN RAND, OBJECTIVISTS AND THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY	E-Mail: fas12@psu.edu. T: (814) 949-5258	Rand and Rescher on Truth	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No	Treatment of Truth Compared to Nicholas Rescher Who Wrote the Coherence Theory of Truth.	This essay argues that Rand's conception of truth marshals all the strengths of the four theories of truth detailed by philosopher Nicholas Rescher: correspondence, coherence, intuitionistic, and pragmatic.	Fred Seddon currently holds adjunct professorships at three universities in South Western Pennsylvania. He has been president of the West Virginia Philosophical Society since 1988 and is an associate member of the Center for the Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh. He is an international scholar and the author of over 100 books, articles, book reviews and speeches, including such works as Ayn Rand, Objectivists and the History of Philosophy , An Introduction to the Philosophical Works of F. S. C. Northrop, and Aristotle and Lukasiewicz on the Principle of Contradiction.
Fred Seddon	Penssylvnia State University. Philosophy Department. Part-Time Lecturer.	E-Mail: fas12@psu.edu. T: (814) 949-5258	Kant on Faith	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of Faith. Relationship to Mysticism. Objectivism. Compared to Immanuel Kant. Critique of Pure Reason.	This paper analyzes the oft-quoted sentence from Immanuel Kant's first Critique of Pure Reason, viz., "I have therefore found it necessary to deny knowledge in order to make room for faith." Seddon argues that Kant is hardly the mystic that Ayn Rand and many Objectivists have caricatured him as being.	Fred Seddon currently holds adjunct professorships at three universities in South Western Pennsylvania. He has been president of the West Virginia Philosophical Society since 1988 and is an associate member of the Center for the Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh. He is an international scholar and the author of over 100 books, articles, book reviews and speeches, including such works as Ayn Rand, Objectivists and the History of Philosophy , An Introduction to the Philosophical Works of F. S. C. Northrop, and Aristotle and Lukasiewicz on the Principle of Contradiction.
Fred Seddon	E-Mail: fas12@psu.edu. T: (814) 949-5258	Penssylvnia State University. Philosophy Department. Part-Time Lecturer.	Seddon on Rand	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2005 Fall; 7 (1)	No	Treatment of History of Philosophy; Review Article	Fred Seddon's book, Ayn Rand, Objectivists, and the History of Philosophy, defends some of the historical figures Rand attacks in her polemical writings on the history of philosophy. Unfortunately, Seddon's interpretations of Plato, Augustine, Hume, Kant, and Nietzsche are often only marginally more sound than Rand's.	Fred Seddon currently holds adjunct professorships at three universities in South Western Pennsylvania. He has been president of the West Virginia Philosophical Society since 1988 and is an associate member of the Center for the Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh. He is an international scholar and the author of over 100 books, articles, book reviews and speeches, including such works as Ayn Rand, Objectivists and the History of Philosophy , An Introduction to the Philosophical Works of F. S. C. Northrop, and Aristotle and Lukasiewicz on the Principle of Contradiction.
Greg Nyquist		N / A	Rand and Empirical Responsibilty	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No	Treatment of human nature; Relationship to Logic	Responding to Fred Seddon's review of his book, Ayn Rand Contra Human Nature, Nyquist defends his view that Rand failed to provide evidence for her view of man. Using evidence compiled by cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, and evolutionary psychologists, Nyquist challenges not only Rand's view of man, but also her epistemology, particularly her overestimation of the role of logic in efficacious thinking.	Greg Nyquist is a writer on philosophy and economics. His books include Ayn Rand Contra Human Nature and the forthcoming Visions of Reality: New Ways of Conceiving Old Problems. He has published numerous economic articles for Worldnet and at jrnyquist.com. Currently, he is an assistant editor at jrnyquist.com and a media consultant for Nyquist Media Group, with which he collaborated on the documentary What We Think: Conversations with the College Generation.
Steven H. Shmurak	Psychologist Interested in Objectivism	Psychologist Address: 1019 Farmington Ave Bristol, Connecticut U.S.A.	Demystifying Emotion: Introducing the Effect Theory of Silvan Tomkins to Objectivists	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No	Treatment of Emotions. Relationship to Objectivism. Theories of Silvan S. Tomkins	A special video presentation This article features a special video presentation, which is available for download from the JARS archives. This presentation provides the raw data upon which the article is based. The presentation of ""The 9 Innate Affects -- S. S. Tomkins"" in two formats: PC or Mac [""save as"" to your local device]. Our special thanks to the author for providing this presentation for our archives, and for providing our readers with a multimedia experience. Readers who wish to have the original CD-ROM disc that accompanied this essay, along with the original hard copy of Issue #15, should contact us. Objectivism's approach to the nature of emotion is incomplete. It has oversimplified emotional phenomena and has substantially underestimated the importance of emotion as a tool of survival. This article presents an introduction to Affect Theory, an approach to understanding emotion based on ostensive definitions, which was developed by the American psychologist Silvan S. Tomkins. Affect theory subsumes the Objectivist theory of emotion while being true to all the complexities of our emotional lives. This theory provides an important supplement to Objectivist thinking. The relationship between emotion and reason and the role of affect in shaping sense of life are considered.	Steven H. Shmurak, Ph.D. is a clinical psychologist who has been in private practice for 27 years. He holds degrees from Swarthmore College, Harvard University and Indiana University. He became interested in Objectivism in 1962 and attended lectures at the Nathaniel Branden Institute in New York for several years. In 1997, he began to study the work of Silvan Tomkins. He is a co-author of A Basic Study Group (1999) and An Advanced Study Group(2000), curriculum guides to Tomkins's work published by The Silvan S. Tomkins Institute.
David M. Brown	Freelance Writer & Editor for The Foundation for Economic Education	N / A	Questions about Answers	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring; 7 (2)	No	Review Article.	This article features a special video presentation, which is available for download from the JARS archives. This presentation provides the raw data upon which the article is based. The presentation of "The 9 Innate Affects -- S. S. Tomkins" in two formats: PC or Mac ["save as" to your local device]. Our special thanks to the author for providing this presentation for our archives, and for providing our readers with a multimedia experience. Readers who wish to have the original CD-ROM disc that accompanied this essay, along with the original hard copy of Issue #15, should contact us.	David M. Brown is a freelance writer and editor, and the publisher of The Webzine, a general-interest Internet magazine. His clients have included Laissez Faire Books, U.S. Term Limits, Rasmussen Reports, Americans for Limited Government, the Cato Institute, Tibor R. Machan, and others.
David Kelly	Founder of the Atlas Society (DC). Former Philosophy Professor	N / A	Reasoning About Art	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring; 2 (2)	No	Treatment of Art. Aesthetics. Philosophy. Life. Theories of Michelle Marder: What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand.	Kelley discusses the relationship between philosophy and sense of life and explains why he and William Thomas do not consider sense of life essential to the explanation of why art is a major human value, though it is essential to explaining how people create and experience art. Kelley also challenges the claim by Kamhi and Torres (in their article, ""Critical Neglect of Ayn Rand's Theory of Art,"" Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Fall 2000) that aesthetics, as a branch of philosophy, is logically prior to ethics and on a par with epistemology in fundamentality.	David Kelley is the Executive Director, The Objectivist Center, 11 Raymond Avenue, Suite 31, Poughkeepsie, New York 12603. He is the author of The Evidence of the Senses, The Art of Reasoning, A Life of One's Own, and numerous other articles, monographs, and reviews.
David Kelly	Founder of the Atlas Society (DC) Former Philosophy Professor	N / A	Contesting a Review	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2002 Spring; 3 (2)	No	Theories of David Kelly.	Kelley responds to Jonathan Jacobs' review of his The Contested Legacy of Ayn Rand: Truth and Toleration in Objectivism ("A Contest of Wills,")The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Spring 2002). He argues that his goal was not to provide a technical treatise on Objectivism, but to focus on a debate within Objectivism. Toward the former end, he provides a brief bibliography of relevant technical treatments of Objectivist epistemology and ethics.	David Kelley is the Executive Director, The Objectivist Center, 11 Raymond Avenue, Suite 31, Poughkeepsie, New York 12603. He is the author of The Evidence of the Senses, The Art of Reasoning, A Life of One's Own, and numerous other articles, monographs, and reviews.
Ed Macan	College of the Redwoods. Professor of Music, Arts, Languages & Soc. Sciences	E-Mail: ed-macan@redwoods.edu. T: (707) 476-4321. Employee Directory: http://www.redwoods.edu/departments/Music/index.asp	Concerning the Politics of Prog	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2003 Fall; 5 (1)	No	Relationship to Political Ideaologies. Rock and Roll Song. Rock and Roll Music.	Macan considers whether progressive rock is inextricably linked to a specific political ideology. Progressive rock emerged out of the late sixties British hippie movement. Its politics, though influenced by the left, were never monolithic. Using the late nineteenth-century philosophical/cultural phenomenon of "Wagnerism" as a point of reference, Macan demonstrates that progressive rock's impact was primarily a result not of its nebulous political ideology, but of its aesthetic stance, which stresses individualism, idealism, authenticity, and art-as-transcendence. In keeping with its Romantic ethos of transcendence and a utopian politics, progressive rock subjected philosophical, cultural, and social opposites to a Hegelian synthesis.	Ed Macan is a Professor of Music, Art Department, College of the Redwoods,7351 Tompkins Hill Road, Eureka, California 95501. He is the author of Rocking the Classics: English Progressive Rock and the Counterculture (Oxford University Press, 1997). He is also keyboardist, mallet percussionist, and principal composer of the band Hermetic Science, whose three albums, Hermetic Science (1997), Prophesies (1999), and En Route (2001) have won much critical acclaim in the worldwide progressive music community.
Durrell Bowman	Writer & PhD (U.C.L.A.) Web-developer. Musician.	E-Mail: durrellbowman.com	To Rand or Not to Rand? Neil Peart's Varied Influences	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2003 Fall; 5 (1)	No	Folk Literature. Folk Poetry. Folk Song. Rock and Roll Song.	Bowman suggests that Ayn Rand's influence on Neil Peart's lyrics mainly existed in a few science-fiction and technology-oriented works from the mid-1970s to the early-1980s. Peart's individualism in the 1980s had at least as much to do with Hemingway, Faulkner, religious imagery (although he was an agnostic), and other influences. Many of his lyrics (1975-2002) suggest "left-wing libertarianism," random contingencies, science, nature, the environment, relationships, and even humor. In any case, Peart's copious reading and varied lyrics contradict Rand as his "major influence."	Durrell Bowman completed his Ph.D. in musicology at UCLA in 2003, with a dissertation entitled "Permanent Change: Rush, Musicians' Rock, and the Progressive Post-Counterculture." In 2003-04, he taught as a part-time sessional instructor in popular music and culture at Barrie, Ontario's Georgian College. He also sings semi-professionally as a choral singer and works as a choral librarian, writer, editor, and computer consultant in the administration of the Elora Festival and Singers. In 2002-03, he served as a visiting instructor in the Department of Music at the University of Alberta, where he taught cultural musicology, popular music, film music, and music theory. His article "Let Them All Make Their Own Music: Individualism, Rush, and the Progressive/Hard Rock Alloy, 1976-77" appears in the book Progressive Rock Reconsidered (New York: Routledge, 2002). His paper "Textu(r)al Undercoding and the Music of the Rock Band Rush: String Quartets, Death Metal, Trip-Hop, and other Tributes" (presented in 2002-03 in Edmonton, New York, and elsewhere) argues that certain music facilitates an inversion of normative expectations concerning "progressive rock." Among his other publications and conference papers, an article on "Art Rock" appears in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, a review article on South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut appears in echo: a music-centered journal, and he also presented a paper at the 2003 IASPM-International conference in Montreal, Quebec.
Tom Porter	Wrote "Ayn Rands Theory of Knowledge"	Self-Publisher: P.O. Box 370391 Reseda, CA 91337	Second Thoughts	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	Spring 2003; 4 (2)			N / A	Durrell Bowman completed his Ph.D. in musicology at UCLA in 2003, with a dissertation entitled "Permanent Change: Rush, Musicians' Rock, and the Progressive Post-Counterculture." In 2003-04, he taught as a part-time sessional instructor in popular music and culture at Barrie, Ontario's Georgian College. He also sings semi-professionally as a choral singer and works as a choral librarian, writer, editor, and computer consultant in the administration of the Elora Festival and Singers. In 2002-03, he served as a visiting instructor in the Department of Music at the University of Alberta, where he taught cultural musicology, popular music, film music, and music theory. His article "Let Them All Make Their Own Music: Individualism, Rush, and the Progressive/Hard Rock Alloy, 1976-77" appears in the book Progressive Rock Reconsidered (New York: Routledge, 2002). His paper "Textu(r)al Undercoding and the Music of the Rock Band Rush: String Quartets, Death Metal, Trip-Hop, and other Tributes" (presented in 2002-03 in Edmonton, New York, and elsewhere) argues that certain music facilitates an inversion of normative expectations concerning "progressive rock." Among his other publications and conference papers, an article on "Art Rock" appears in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, a review article on South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut appears in echo: a music-centered journal, and he also presented a paper at the 2003 IASPM-International conference in Montreal, Quebec.
Tom Porter	Wrote "Ayn Rands Theory of Knowledge"	Self-Publisher: P.O. Box 370391 Reseda, CA 91337	How Not to Read a Book	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2003 Spring; 4 (2)	No	Introduction to Objectivist Epistomology. Treatment of Knowledge. Ayn Rand's Thoery of Knowledge.	Porter replies to a review of Ayn Rand's Theory of Knowledge by Carolyn Ray ("Porter's Rand: A Commentary," The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Fall 2001). He argues that Ray misunderstands his book because she assumes it needn't be read from the beginning.	Tom Porter has a BA in philosophy from UCLA. He did three years of graduate work in philosophy at UCLA and USC, and then 2 years of mathematics at CSUN. He is currently pursuing a JD at Southwestern University.
Jane Yoder	Member of "The Rebirth of Reason" in Colorado	Website: rebirthofreason.com	The Silence of Synthesis	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2003 Spring; 4 (2)	No	Vladimir Nabakov Relationship to Ayn Rand	Yoder continues the discussion of odd Ayn Rand-Vladimir Nabokov couplings from the "strange bedfellow" designation applied by D. Barton Johnson (The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Fall 2000) and Gene H. Bell-Villada's (Fall 2001) response to it. Yoder places additional emphasis upon issues of parricide, gaming, engineered structure, and the "brain drain" in her examination.	Jane Yoder earned her B.A. degree in philosophy in 1952 and an M.Ed. in 1972 from Rutgers University. Retirement from corporate clerical endeavors makes possible a return to more studious activities and pleasures. Continuing education takes place in the Galt's Gulch state of Colorado and on the Internet. She is enrolled in advanced age adult study through a program sponsored by Denver University. In 2002, she taught a course on Ayn Rand and Objectivism.
Lester H. Hunt	University of Wisconsin (Madison) Philosophy Professor	Mail: Department of Philosophy /H. C. White Hall 600 N. Park St./ University of Wisconsin/ Madison WI 53706 E-Mail: Lesterhunt@hotmail.com Office: (608) 263-3700 Home: (608) 835-3525. Cell (Car): (608) 332-3166	Rethinking Rand and Kant	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Fall; (3) 1.	No	Treatment of Ethics compared to Immanuel Kant.	No	Author of Neitzsche and the Origin of Virtue (Routledge) and Character and Culture (Rowman and Littlefield). Perfers you call him at home and send letters to his house.
Lester H. Hunt	Professor Emeritus of Philosopy. University of Wisconsin, Madison. Moral, Political, and Legal Philosophy. Retired 2016. Email: lhhunt@wisc.edu	Mail: Department of Philosophy. H.C. White Hall 600 N. Park St.. University of Wisconsin, Madison WI 53706. T: (608) 263-3700. H: (608) 835-3525. H2: (608) 835-3529. C: (608) 332-3166. E-mail: hfain2306@prodigy.net. lester_hunt@hotmail.com. Home Address: 404 Jefferson St. Oregon WI 53575.	What Art Does	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring; 2 (2)	No	Treatment of aesthetics. Art. Theories of Louis Torres and Michelle Marder Kahmi: What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand.	Hunt argues that, despite its being too narrow in the topics it treats, Louis Torres and Michelle Marder Kamhi's What Art Is offers a fascinating account of Ayn Rand's views on art and, in addition, constitutes a major contribution to Objectivist aesthetics.	LESTER H. HUNT is a Professor of Philosophy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 600 North Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. He is the author of Nietzsche and the Origin of Virtue (Routledge) and Character and Culture (Rowman and Littlefield). Reply to Stephen R. Hicks 'Egoism in Nietzche and Rand'
Lester H. Hunt	Professor Emeritus of Philosopy. University of Wisconsin, Madison. Moral, Political, and Legal Philosophy. Retired 2016. Email: lhhunt@wisc.edu	Mail: Department of Philosophy. H.C. White Hall 600 N. Park St.. University of Wisconsin, Madison WI 53706. T: (608) 263-3700. H: (608) 835-3525. H2: (608) 835-3529. C: (608) 332-3166. E-mail: hfain2306@prodigy.net. lester_hunt@hotmail.com. Home Address: 404 Jefferson St. Oregon WI 53575.	Thus Spake Howard Roark: Nietzschean Ideas in The Fountainhead	Philosophy and Literature (P & L)	N / A	2006 (April)	No	Treatment of Power / Morality / Sources in Nietzche / German Lit. / Influence of AR / The Fountainhead	N / A	LESTER H. HUNT is a Professor of Philosophy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 600 North Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. He is the author of Nietzsche and the Origin of Virtue (Routledge) and Character and Culture (Rowman and Littlefield). Reply to Stephen R. Hicks 'Egoism in Nietzche and Rand'
Stephen R.C. Hicks	Rockford University. Professor of Philosophy. Executive Director of the Center for Ethics & Entreprenurship. Senior Fellow Objectivist Center in NY	Mail: Rockford University 5050 East State Street Rockford IL 61108. E-Mail: Shicks@rockford.edu T: (815) 226-4078	Egoism in Nietzche and Rand: A Somewhat Different Approach	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2009 Spring; 10 (2)	No	Treatment of power; pity; ethics; sources in Nietzche.	If we examine Rand’s relation to Nietzsche in terms of the number of issues on which the late Rand agreed with him, the connection between them looks extremely weak. On the other hand, if we look at the relation in terms of Rand’s philosophical development, the connection is much more profound. Nietzsche is where Rand began as a thinker, and though she traveled far from this source, her thinking always bore important traces of her beginnings.	N / A
Barton D. JohnsonZhutovskaia (Translator)	Professor Emeritus of Russian in the Department of Germanic & Slavic Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara.	N / A	The Aesthetics Symposium	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring; 2 (2)	No	Treatment of aesthetics. Art. Theories of Louis Torres and Michelle Marder Kahmi: What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand.	N / A	N / A
Zina Gimpelevich	University of Weaterloo. President Canadian Association of Slavists.	Mail: University of Waterloo. 200 University Avenue West Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1Department of Germanic & Slavic Studies Modern Languages building, room 220 E-Mail: zgimpele@uwaterloo.ca	Objectivism, Narrative Agency, and the Politics of Choice in the Game Bioshock	N / A	Poetics of Politics: Textuality and Social Relevance in Contemporary American Literature and Culture	2015	No	Narrative Form. Treatment of Choice. Agency. Relationship to Objectivism. Video Game. Political Context.	N / A	N / A
Harry Binswanger	Ayn Rand Institute (Member of Board of Directors). Taught philosophy at Hunter College, The New School for Social Research, and UT Austin	E-Mail: scholars@aynrand.org	Strannye Sosedi: Ein Rend	Zvezda	N / A	2001 (4) 195-203	No	By Russian American Novelists compared to Ayn Rand.	N / A	HARRY BINSWANGER: Harry Binswanger received his doctorate in philosophy from Columbia University in 1973 and has taught philosophy at Hunter College, the New School for Social Research and the University of Texas at Austin. Since 1994 he has taught courses on Ayn Rand’s philosophic system, ethics and epistemology at the Objectivist Academic Center. Dr. Binswanger is the author of How We Know, a book on the theory of knowledge. His previous books are The Biological Basis of Teleological Concepts and The Ayn Rand Lexicon. He is coeditor of the second expanded edition of Ayn Rand’s Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology.He is a regular speaker at universities on Ayn Rand’s philosophy. A senior contributor at RealClearMarkets, he has also appeared on TV shows hosted by Glenn Beck, Geraldo Rivera and Judge Anthony Napolitano, as well as in two documentary films about Ayn Rand. He also moderates and writes for an email list on Objectivism and its application to today’s issues at www.hbletter.com. He has been a member of the Ayn Rand Institute’s board of directors since the organization’s inception. In Ayn Rand’s last years, Dr. Binswanger became her associate and friend.
Gregory Salmieri	Rutgers University. Boston University. University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill). Pittsburgh University.	E-Mail: scholars@aynrand.org gregory.salmieri@rutgers.edu	We and I in Zamyatin's We and Rand's Anthem	Germano-Slavica: A Canadian Journal of Germanic and Slavic Comparative Studies (GSlav)	N / A	1997 (10) 1	No	American Literature and Russian Literature Ayn Rand Compared to Evegeni Ivanovich Zamaitan	N / A	GREGORY SLAMIERI is an Anthem Foundation Fellow in philosophy and a part-time lecturer in philosophy at Rutgers University, previously having been a visiting scholar and Fellow in Objectivity and Values in the department of philosophy at Boston University, as well as a visiting assistant professor at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. He has published on issues in Aristotle’s epistemology and ethics and on Rand’s philosophy and novels; he is co-editor of the forthcoming A Companion to Ayn Rand. Salmieri received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Pittsburgh in 2008.
John Lewis	Objectivist Scholar. Political Scientist. Historian.	R.I.P. January 3rd 2012.	Anthem: An Appreciation		Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem. Robert Mayhew (ed).	2005. Lexington Books. Lanham MD.	No	Ayn Rand. Anthem.	N / A
John Ridpath	York University Retired Professor of Economics and Intellectual History. Canadian Objectivist Intellectual.	N / A	Prometheus's Discovery: Individualism and the Meaning of the Concept 'I' in Anthem.		Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem. Robert Mayhew (ed).	2005. Lexington Books. Lanham MD.	No	Treatment of Individualism.	N / A
Scott McConnell	Founding Editor of The American Conservative	N / A	Sacrilege Toward the Individual:' The Anti-Pride of Thomas More's Utopia and Anthem's Radical Alternative.		Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem. Robert Mayhew (ed).	2005. Lexington Books. Lanham MD.	No	Treatment of Moral Philosophy. The Individual Compared to Sir. Thomas Moore.	N / A	N / A
Christie L. Maloyed	University of Loiusiana. Political Science.	Mail: University of Louisiana. Department of Political Science. PO Box 43581 Layfette LA 70504-3695. E-Mail: clmaloyed@louisiana.edu T: (337) 482-1212	Russian Revolutionary Ideology and We the Living.		Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	2004. Lexington Books. Lanham, MD.	No	Treatment of Marxism-Leninism. Russian Revolution (1917).	N / A	N / A
Christie L. Maloyed	University of Loiusiana. Political Science.	Mail: University of Louisiana. Department of Political Science. PO Box 43581 Layfette LA 70504-3695. E-Mail: clmaloyed@louisiana.edu T: (337) 482-1212	Mad Men and the Virtue of Selfishness	Journal of Popular Film and Television	N / A	2013; 42 (1)	No	Mad Men (Television Program); Treatment of Selfishness; Freedom; Social Relationship; Libertarnianism; Objectivism; Relationship to Ayn Rand	N / A	N / A
Scott McConnell	Journalist and founding editor of The American Conservative. Education: Columbia University	N / A	Paralell Lives: Models and Inspirations for Characters in We the Living.		Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	2004 Lexington Books. Lanham, MD.	No	Characterization. Biographical Approach.	N / A	N / A
Robert Powell	LeMoyne-Owen College in Memphis Tenessee. Assistant Professor of English	Mail: LeMoyne-Owen College 807 Walker Ave Memphis TN 38126 Main Telephone: (901) 435-1000	Embracing Power Roles Naturally: Rand's Nietzschean Heroes and Values.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2009 Spring; 10 (2)	No	Treatment of hero. Relationship to Power. Sources in Nietzche.	Because of Ayn Rand’s problematic moral labels on her characters, Gail Wynand, not Howard Roark, should be her true Nietzschean hero. Wynand meets the criteria of both the Nietzschean Superman and Rand’s Objectivism. Roark’s false integrity taints his greatness and improperly vulgarizes him as a Nietzschean Superman. Rand problematically wants her heroes to accept the greatness of the bermensch, but reject his natural existence and will to power. Dominique Francon should be her true Nietzschean villain, because, unlike Ellsworth Toohey, she enjoys the painful destruction of herself and others.	Robert Powell is a Doctor of Philosophy with a degree in English from Florida State University. He is Assistant Professor of English at LeMoyne-Owen College in Memphis, Tennessee. His dissertation is entitled Ayn Rand's Heroes: Between and Beyond Good and Evil.
Brenda Rickman Vantrease	Former Librarian and English Teacher in Nashville, Tenesse Popular fantasy fiction writer.	E-Mail: brenda@brendarickmanvantrease.com	Economic Decision-Making and Ethical Choice	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Fall; 10 (1)	No	Treatment of Decision Making; Ethics; Relationship to Economics.	Some economists, notably Gary Becker, claim that economic analysis is applicable to any decision, ethical or otherwise. Ethical principles within Objectivist Ethics are based on long-range success---life being the measure of success. This paper examines these different approaches to decision-making. Decision theory and Rand's Benevolent Universe Premise form the basis for the analysis.	Kathleen Touchstone is an Assistant Professor of Economics, Sorrell College of Business, Troy University Montgomery, Montgomery, Alabama 36103, and author of Then Athena Said: Unilateral, Transfers and the Transformation of Objectivist Ethics, published by University Press of America, 2006.
Joeseph Colin McNicholas	Director of Research Opportunities for the Franklin Humanities Institute at Duke University	Mail: John Hope Franklin Smith Humanities Institute 114 South Buchanan Boulevard Smith Warehouse, Bays 4 & 5 Campus Box 90403 Durham, NC 27708. E-Mail: joseph.mcnicholas@duke.edu T: (919)668-3808	The Heroic Ideal: Three Views.	N / A	N / A	1980	Yes. Dissertation Abstracts: Section A. Humanities and Social Science. 41: 2106A	Ayn Rand, Daniel Defoe, and Emily Bronte's view of the heroic ideal. Comparision	N / A	N / A
Larry A. Gray	Jacksonville State University Associate professor of English.	Mail: Jacksonville State University Department of English 215 Stone Center 700 Pelham Road North Jacksonville, AL 36265. T: (256)782-8099. Office: 211 STONE CENTER	Corporate Culture and the American Novel: Producers, Persuaders, and Communicators	N / A	N / A	2000; July	Yes. Dissertation Abstracts: Section A. Humanities and Social Science. 61 (1). 183. U of Texas. Austin. Abstract No. DA9959545	Treatment of business. Public Relations. Compared to Ayn Rand. Atlas Shrugged and The Man in the Grey Fannel Suit.	N / A	N / A
Russell S. Sobel	The Citadel (Baker School of Business) Professor of Economics & Entrepreneurship	Mailing: The Citadel Baker School of Business Bond Hall (Room 344) 171 Moultrie Street Charleston SC 29409 E-Mail: russell.sobel@citadel.edu. T: (843) 953-5162	Hollywood Shrugged: Ayn Rand's Impossible Epic	Adaptation: The Journal of Literature on Screen Studies	N / A	2011; 4 (1)	No	Role of Screenplay; For film adaptation; As unfinished work; relationship to aesthetics; mass culture; cultural historical appraoch.	N / A	N / A
Russel S. Sobel	The Citadel. Professor of Economics & Entreprenurship.	Contact: Baker School of Business 171 Moultrie Street The Citadel Charleston SC 29409 Office: Room 344 Bond Hall Phone: (843) 953-5162 Email: russell.sobel@citadel.edu	Preference Formation, Choice Sets, and the Creative Destruction of Preferences	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 July; 14 (1)	No	Treatment of values. Relationship to Objectivism. Preference. Economic Theory.	Economic models are founded in the idea of taking individuals' preferences as both known and given. This article explores the evolution of personal preferences, within a context of both entrepreneurial discovery and Objectivist philosophy. It begins by formalizing Ayn Rand's theory of Objectivism applied to human values, and continues by modeling preference changes similar to Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction---a process of self-discovery. Next the role of societal factors is examined in forming shared preference sets. Finally, the article describes how the strength of human preferences is used to narrow choice sets in the presence of greater consumption options.	Russell S. Sobel is a native of Charleston, South Carolina. He earned his Bachelor's degree in business economics from Francis Marion College in 1990, and his Ph.D. in economics from Florida State University in 1994. Dr. Sobel has authored or co-authored over 150 books and articles, including a nationally-best-selling college Principles of Economics textbook. His research has been featured in the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, US News and World Report, Investor's Business Daily, and The Economist Magazine, and he has appeared on CNBC, Fox News, CSPAN, NPR, and the CBS Evening News. He serves on the editorial board for three academic journals, and on the advisory board for four university centers. He has won numerous awards for both his teaching and his research, including the 2008 Sir Anthony Fisher Award for best state policy publication of the year. His recent research focuses in the areas of state economic policy reform and entrepreneurship. Dr. Sobel is a Professor of Economics & Entrepreneurship in the Baker School of Business at The Citadel, and a Visiting Fellow at the South Carolina Policy Council.
J.R. Clark	University of Tenesse at Chattanoga. Finance and Economics Professor. Distinguised Chair of Free Enterprise (Scott L. Probasco).	Mailing: The University of Tennesse at Chattanooga Fletcher Hall 313 615 McCallie Ave Chatanooga, TN 37403 e-mail: J-Clark@utc.edu t: (423) 425-4118	Preference Formation, Choice Sets, and the Creative Destruction of Preferences	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2014 July; 14 (1)	No	Treatment of values. Relationship to Objectivism. Preference. Economic Theory.	Economic models are founded in the idea of taking individuals' preferences as both known and given. This article explores the evolution of personal preferences, within a context of both entrepreneurial discovery and Objectivist philosophy. It begins by formalizing Ayn Rand's theory of Objectivism applied to human values, and continues by modeling preference changes similar to Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction---a process of self-discovery. Next the role of societal factors is examined in forming shared preference sets. Finally, the article describes how the strength of human preferences is used to narrow choice sets in the presence of greater consumption options.	J. R. Clark holds The Probasco Chair of Free Enterprise at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. He earned his Ph.D. in economics from Virginia Tech in 1974.
Bill Martin	DePaul University. Philosophy Professor.	Mail: DePaul University Lincoln Park Campus 2352 N. Clifton Ave., nn. Suite 150, Office 7 Chicago, IL 60614 E-Mail: woodbug1@aol.com T: 773.325.1148	Ayn Rand and the Music of Rush: Rhapsodic Reflection	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2003 Fall; 5 (1)	No	Treatment of Howard Roark. Relationship to rock and roll song. Rock and roll music.	Martin replies to Sciabarra's essay on Rand, Rush, and progressive rock with critical reflections from a Marxist perspective. Focusing on the film version of The Fountainhead, which shares much in common with film noir and Socialist Realism, Martin rejects as reification Rand's emphasis on property as the defining feature of human life. Her dismissal of rock music has overtones of racism and Eurocentrism. The rock band Rush may have drawn inspiration from Howard Roark, but two other real-life role models would have been better suited: Ludwig van Beethoven and Frank Lloyd Wright.	Bill Martin is a Professor of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy, DePaul University, Byrne Hall, 2219 N. Kenmore Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60614. He is the author of seven books in the fields of social theory, contemporary continental philosophy, and music. At present, he is completing a book under the title, Ethical Marxism: The Categorical Imperative of Communism. He is also an avid cyclist and chessplayer, and he has played the bass guitar for over thirty years.
Elizabeth Blake	Saint Louis University. Assistant professor of Russian. Russian Division Coordinator.	Mail: 300 Clion Lane Saint Louis, MO 63141. Office: Morrissey Hall 1452. T: (314) 977-2454. E-Mail: elizabeth.blake@slu.edu	Ayn Rand's Aesthetics: Preserving the Glamor of Hollywoods Silent Screen	Germano-Slavica: A Canadian Journal of Germanic and Slavic Comparative and Interdisciplinary Studies (GSlav) 2010	N / A	2010; 17	No	Film Adaptation	N / A	N / A
Andrew Hoberek	University of Missouri. English Professor.	Office: University of Missouri 233 Tate Hall Columbia, MO 65211-1500. E-Mail: HobrekA@missouri.edu	The Twlight of the Middle Class: Post World War II American Fiction and White-Collar Work	N / A	The Twlight of the Middle Class: Post World War II American Fiction and White-Collar Work	2005; Princeton UP	No	Treatment of the Middle Class. Office Workers. Relationship to World War II.	N / A	N / A
Blake Bell	Author of Multiple Books on Comic Book Creators	N / A		N / A	Strange and Stranger: The World of Steve Ditko	2008; Fantagraphics	No	Relevant Chapter: Ayn Rand and the End at Marvel. Randian Heroes at Charlton and DC	N / A	N / A
Anna Kostenko	Zaporozhye National Technical University. Associate professor in Theory & Practice of Translation	N / A	Ayn Rand and Vladimir Nabokov: The Issue of Literary Dialogue	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 July; 15 (1)	No	By Russian American Writers. Treatment of the Individual. Alienation. Relationship to Immigrant Experience. Compared to Vladimir Nabokov.	Ayn Rand is often put on a par with Vladimir Nabokov, proceeding from the similarity of their creative destinies. The general vicissitudes of life forced the two writers to converge on one theme---the indisputable statement of the supreme value of a human life, by understanding the importance of the individual over the public. The main problem of their poetic worlds is the question of self-identification. As Russian immigrant writers, both occupy the position of "estrangement" in relation to both their own heritage and the environment to which they immigrated.	Anna Kostenko, Zaporozhye, Ukraine, is an associate professor in the Theory and Practice of Translation Department of Zaporozhye National Technical University. Her research interests lie in the areas of contemporary foreign literature, namely in postcolonial literature and postcolonial translation, problems of bilingualism, biculturalism, and multiculturalism.
Adam Weiner	Wellesely College. Professor of Russian.	Mail: Founders Hall 416 Wellesley College 106 Central Street Wellesley, MA 02481E. E-Mail: aweiner@wellesley.edu T: (781) 283-2419	How Bad Writing Destroyed the World: Ayn Rand and the Literary Origins of the Financial Crisis.	N / A	How Bad Writing Destroyed the World: Ayn Rand and the Literary Origins of the Financial Crisis.	2016; Bloomsbury Academic	No	Treatment of Selfishness. Objectivism. Relationship to Financial Crisis. Sources in Chernyshevskii, Nikolai Gavriloch, Chto Delat, What Is to Be Done?	N / A	N / A
Arnold Baise	Author Libertarian Papers. Research Chemist. Computer Programmer.	N / A	Reply to Marsha Familaro Enright: Selfishness and the OED	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 July; 15 (1)	No	Treatment of Selfishness. Realtionship to Objectivism. Ethics. OED. Altruism.	In her article ""The Problem with Selfishness,"" Marsha Familaro Enright compares the definition of ""selfish"" used by Ayn Rand with the definition given in several dictionaries, including the Oxford English Dictionary (OED). The OED, however, justifies the definition of any word by referring to its actual use in written English, in the past and the present, making it the definitive English dictionary. In particular, the OED shows that ""selfish"" has been used with a decidedly negative connotation since the seventeenth century, contrary to Rand's argument for a morally virtuous meaning.	Arnold Baise has worked as a research chemist and as a computer programmer. He has a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Wales in the United Kingdom and an M.S. in computer science from Marist College.
David N. Mayer	Capital University Law & History Professor. Member of the Federalist Society. Member of Atlas Society.	N / A	Completing the American Revolution: The Significance of Ayn Rand's Atlas Shrugged at Its Fiftieth Anniversary	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Spring; 9 (2)	No	Relationship to American Revolution	In 1961, Ayn Rand called for "a moral revolution to sanction and complete the political achievement of the American Revolution." Through her novel Atlas Shrugged and the philosophy it presents, Rand shows what must be done to complete the unfinished American Revolution. This essay, written to commemorate the book’s fiftieth anniversary, discusses the historical background necessary to understand how Atlas Shrugged accomplishes this purpose. It explains how and why the Revolution was incomplete, focusing on the law’s failure to fully protect the rights of businessmen‚ and suggests how to achieve the "moral revolution" needed to complete the Founders’ work.	David N. Mayer is a professor of law and history at Capital University in Columbus, Ohio. He received his Ph.D. in history from the University of Virginia in 1988 and a J.D. from the University of Michigan in 1980. He is the author of The Constitutional Thought of Thomas Jefferson (University of Virginia Press, 1994) as well as numerous articles published in history, law, and political science journals.
Darryl Wright	Professor of Philosophy. Harvey Mudd College.	Mail: Harvey Mudd College Department of Humanities, Social Sceiences, and the Arts 301 E. Platt Blvd. Cleremont, CA 91711 E-Mail: darryl_wright@hmc.edu. T: (909) 607-4478	Needs of the Psyche in Ayn Rand's Early Ethical Thought	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's Anthem (Ed. Robert Mayhew)	2005 Lexington Books. Lanham, MD.	No	Treatment of Ethics.	N / A	Contributor to Companion to Ayn Rand. (Blackwell) Contributor Essays on Ayn Rand's Atlas Shurgged. Contributor to Essays on Ayn Rand's Athem. Published several articles on Ayn Rand's Ethical thought. Including "Evaluative Concepts and Objective Values: Rand & Moral Objectivivty" (Social Philosophy and Policy 25 (1)). "Reasoning about Ends: Life as a Value in Ayn Rand's Normative Theory." Studies in Ayn Rand's Normative Theory. (University of Pittsburgh Press 2011.
Jena Trammell		N / A	Red Pawn: Ayn Rand's Other Story of Soviet Russia.	N / A	Essays on Ayn Rand's We the Living	2004 Lexington Books; Lanham MD	No	Treatment of Ideaology; U.S.S.R.	N / A	N / A
Marc Champagne	Professor of Philosophy at Trent University. Taught at York University.	N / A	Some Convergences and Divergences in the Realism of Charles Pierce and Ayn Rand.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)		2006 Fall; 8 (1)	No	Treatment of the Real. Relationship to Metaphysics. Dualism. Compared to Charles Sumptner Pierce	Structured around Charles S. Peirce's three-fold categorical scheme, this article proposes a comparative study of Ayn Rand and Peirce's realist views in general metaphysics. Rand's stance is seen as diverging with Peirce's argument from asymptotic representation but converging with arguments from brute relation and neutral category. It is argued that, by dismissing traditional subject-object dualisms, Rand and Peirce both propose iconoclastic construals of what it means to be real, dismissals made all the more noteworthy by the fact each chose to ground them in indissoluble triads of self-evident first principles.	Marc Champagne is a philosopher completing a doctorate in semiotics at the University of Quebec in Montreal. Recipient of the 2003 Ian Bailey award for interdisciplinarity, he is currently adjunct-researcher at the Canada Research Chair in the Theory of Knowledge and a past member of the Peirce-Wittgenstein Research Group (which is preparing volume 7 of the Writings of Charles S. Peirce).
Frank Bubb	Founding Member of the Atlas Society	R.I.P.	Did Ayn Rand Do the Shuffle?	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring; 7 (2)	No	Treatment of Ethics. Relationship to Objectivism (philosophy).	This paper criticizes Eric Mack's contention that Rand engaged in a "shuffle," focusing on the core issue of how Rand moved from her metaethical argument that, because existence or non-existence is every organism's fundamental alternative, the standard of value for each organism is its life, to her ethical prescription that each person live as "man qua man," given that continued existence often requires so much less. Bubb argues that Rand did not engage in a "shuffle," but was instead operating on the basis of premises implicit in the theme of Atlas Shrugged and in her other writings.	Frank Bubb is a Trustee of The Objectivist Center and a retired corporate attorney. A graduate of Washington University with a B.A. in economics (1969) and the University of Pennsylvania Law School (1972), he was an attorney for Scott Paper Company for 20 years until its sale in 1995, specializing in securities, corporate finance, employee benefits and occupational safety and health. From 1996 to 2003, he was General Counsel of The Sports Authority, and retired when the company was sold in 2003. During the 1980s, he wrote over 60 op-ed articles that appeared in newspapers around the country, distributed by The Cato Institute or authored directly for The Philadelphia Inquirer and The Orange County Register, and wrote for The Freeman. He has also written for The New Individualist and its predecessor publication, Navigator.
Lisa M. Dolling	Professor of Philosophy St. John's, Arts & Sciences	Saint John's University 8000 Utopia Parkway Jamaica, New York,11439 United States P: (718) 990-2000 www.stjohns.edu	Ayn Rand: A Feminist Despite Herself?	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2000 Spring; (1) 2	No	Feminist Approach (Review Article)	Dolling reviews Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand, edited by Mimi Reisel Gladstein and Chris Matthew Sciabarra. The anthology attempts to re-read Rand's work in light of important feminist issues and to locate it in the context of debates current in feminist discourse. Dolling argues that the book--which contains nineteen articles by philosophers, psychologists, literary theorists, and numerous others--is an important step toward bringing fresh attention to Rand's thought and toward the canon-transformation called for by contemporary scholars.	Lisa M. Dolling is an Assistant Professor of Philosophy, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York 11439. She specializes in hermeneutics and the philosophy of science. She is co-editor (with Arthur Gianelli) of the forthcomingTests of Time: Readings in the Development of Scientific Theory, and is currently at work on a reader of twentieth century women philosophers. She has written on Edith Stein, Simone Weil, and on the philosophy of physicist Neils Bohr.
Benedict Sheehy	University of Canaberra. Faculty of Business, Government, & Law.	N / A	The Challenge of Objectivist Ethics: Ethical Thinking in Business, Rationalism, and Ayn Rand	International Journal of Applied Philosophy	N / A	2004 Fall; 18 (2)	No	Treatment of Ethics. Relationship to Business.	N / A	N / A
Richard J. Schrader	Boston College (Professor Emeritus of English)	E-Mail: richard.schrader@bc.edu	Ayn Rand	N / A	The Hoosier House: Bobs Merill and Its Predecessors.	2004. Gale.		Publishing History. Role of Bobbs Merrill.	N / A	A documentary volume. Series: Dictionary of Literary Biography.
Den Uyl	Bellarmine College Professor of Philosophy Liberty Funds Insistute Director of Educational Programs	N / A	Life, Telology, and Eudaimonia, in the Ethics of Ayn Rand	N / A	The Philosophical Thought of Ayn Rand.	Urbana U of Illinois Press. 1984.	No	Treatment of Ethics. Sources in Aristotle.	N / A	N / A
Antonio Pineda	University of Seville. Communications & Advertising Professor.	Mail: Sevilla University. C / S. Fernando, 4, CP 41004-Sevilla, Spain. T: 954-559-660 E-Mail: apc @ us.es	Popular Culture, Ideology, and the Comics Industry: Steve Ditko's Objectivist Spider Man.	Journal of Popular Culture (JPC)	N / A	2013 Dec; 46 (6)	No	Role of Steve Ditko; In Spider Man Comics. Treatment of Superhero. Relationship to Libertarianism. Ayn Rand.	N / A	N / A
Jesus Jimenez-Varea	University of Seville Vice Director of Research Research Group on Political Communication, Ideology and Propaganda	Mailing: University of Seville. Calle San Fernando, 4, 41004 Sevilla, Spain. T: 954 48 60 48	Popular Culture, Ideology, and the Comics Industry: Steve Ditko's Objectivist Spider Man.	Journal of Popular Culture (JPC)	N / A	2013 Dec; 46 (6)	No	Role of Steve Ditko; In Spider Man Comics. Treatment of Super Hero. Relationship to Libertarianism. Ayn Rand.	N / A	N / A
Paul Deane		N / A	Ayn Rand's Neurotic Personalities of Our Times	Revue des Langues Vivante	N / A	1970 (36); 125-29.	No	Ayn Rand	N / A	N / A
Barry Arthur Stricker	American Religion Educator	N / A	The Life and Thought of Ayn Rand: The Roots of Objectivism.	N / A	N / A	1988 June; 48 (12).	Yes. Dissertations Abstracts International (DAI). 1988 June; 48 (12): 3138A.	Ayn Rand (1905-1982). Relationship to Philosophy. Hermenutics.	The purpose of the dissertation was to describe and evaluate the fully-developed thought of Objectivism as found in the writings of Ayn Rand. The descriptive aspect was accomplished by examining the writings of Ayn Rand in detail. The evaluative aspect was accomplished by analyzing Rand's understanding of her philosophic and personal heritage, her use of presuppositions and axiomatic primaries, her specific treatment of epistemological concerns, and her understanding of the metaphysical subject-object dichotomy. To aid in this task of evaluation, the philosophical hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer was introduced as an alternative paradigm for better understanding some of the issues raised by Rand's thought. ;Chapter 2 presented a discussion of the life and personal background of Ayn Rand. It was illustrated that certain key events and developments had great impact upon the later intellectual and philosophic positions of Rand. This was in stark contrast to her claims. Chapter 3 examined Rand's expressed philosophic roots and noted her affection and public affirmation of the philosophy of Aristotle. This chapter also highlighted Rand's hatred for Kantian philosophy as well as her claim that the irrationality of the modern world was the product of a Kantian perspective. ;Chapters 4 and 5 described in detail the philosophic thought of Rand. Chapter 4 treated metaphysics and epistemology. Rand's common-sense realism was built upon her understanding of the subject-object split. Rand's epistemology was centered upon the claims of reason as the only legitimate manner of knowing. Chapter 5 treated Rand's ethics, politics, and aesthetics. Rand's positions in these areas were expressed in terms of egoism, radical capitalism, and romantic realism. The description presented in these chapters was based solely upon Rand's own writing. ;Chapter 6 offered both evaluation of Rand's program and additional dialogue using the philosophical hermeneutics of Gadamer. It was claimed that Rand's philosophic position is untenable because of her illegitimate use of philosophic presuppositions, her positing of axiomatic primaries which remain above examination, and her failure to develop a workable epistemology. It was argued that in her larger body of thought, Rand even subverts the internal logic of her epistemology. Gadamer's understanding of truth and logical method was presented as an appropriate alternative to the point of view of Rand's Objectivist philosophy	Barry Arthur Stricker is an American religion educator. He is a member of American Academy Religion and the Baptist Association of Philosophy Teachers. Education: Bachelor, Harvard University, 1979. Master of Divinity, Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary, 1982. Doctor of Philosophy, Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary, 1987. He is an assistant professor theology and Christian philosophy at the Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary, Mill Valley, California, since 1987, associate dean academy affairs, since 1991
Merlin Jetton	University of illinios at Urabana-Champaign. Retired Actuary. Chartered Financial Analyst. Fellow of the Society of Actuaries.	N / A	Reply to Marsha Familaro Enright: Conceptual Classification.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2015 July 15 (1): 120-123.	No	Treatment of Selfishness. Relationship to Objectivism. Ethics. Altruism.	This is a reply to Marsha Enright's essay, "The Problem with Selfishness." My comments pertain mainly to Enright's conceptual classification, comparing it with mine in "Egoism and/or Altruism."	Merlin Jetton is an independent scholar. He graduated from the University of Illinois as a math major. He escaped academia in order to apply and expand his math skills in the real world of business. He is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries and a Chartered Financial Analyst. He retired after a 28-year career as an actuary and financial engineer, having specialized in asset-liability management the last 15 years or so. He has been interested in Objectivism for decades. He was a member of the Chicago School of Objectivism, also known as the New Intellectual Forum. He was a presenter there several times and is the author of several articles in the journal Objectivity and three earlier ones in this periodical. He now lives in Ohio.
Bruce Cook	McNally Smith College of Music. Faculty of Music.	E-Mail: bruce.cook@mcnallysmith.edu	Ayn Rand: A Voice in the Wilderness	N / A	New Catholic World (New York, NY)	1965; 201	No	AR	N / A	N / A
Joesph Lindsay	English teacher & Aaministrator specializing in teacher training and curriculum development	N / A	Teaching Anthem: A Guide for High School and University Teachers	N / A	Teaching Anthem: A Guide For Highschool and University Teachers	Lexington Books: Lanham 2005.	No	Pedagogical Approach.	N / A	Ms. Joseph Lindsay received her Honors Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Education from York University, her Honors Specialist Certification in the Teaching of English from the University of Toronto, and her AMI Primary Diploma from the Montessori Institute of San Diego. She has worked as a teacher and administrator at various private schools in Toronto, Canada, and in California, where she specialized in teacher training and curriculum development. Ms. Joseph is currently working as an executive program developer at Higher Ground Education in Lake Forest, California.
Dennis C. Hardin	Objectivist writer and Psychotherapist	Contact: Website www.thelivingimage.com. E-Mail: dennhard@earthlink.net	The Dim Antithesis	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)		2014 Dec. 14 (2)	No	Treatment of Knowledge; Reason; Relationship to Objectivism; Theories of Leonard Peikoff; The Dim Hypothesis: Why the Lights of the West Are Going Out.	Leonard Peikoff's DIM Hypothesis demonstrates that man's cognitive need for integration is important historically. It reflects the motive power of philosophy, of man's need to understand the world. But Peikoff's theory lacks predictive power for America's future. Today's knowledge-based economy enables the average person to enjoy enhanced cognitive control over his or her life. Technology has transformed the American work experience in ways that teach one crucial connection: between the productive use of the mind (i.e., thinking, judgment) and human survival. This emerging cognitive self-confidence mitigates the philosophical void left by cultural nihilism and creates an intellectual barrier to authoritarianism.	Dennis C. Hardin is an Objectivist writer and psychotherapist. From 1987 to 1990, he was the co-leader of a popular Los Angeles discussion group, the Forum for the New Intellectual. In 2002, he created and presented his own self-help seminar, "The Ethics of Personal Achievement." He is the author ofThe Living Image a novel about the sanctity of human happiness.
Patrick Toner	Wake Forest University Associate Professor of Philosophy	Mail: Wake Forest University Department of Philosophy PO Box 7332. Winston-Slem, NC 27109. E-Mail: tonerpj@wfu.edu. T:(336) 758-4223	God-Talk and the Arbitrary	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2008 Spring; 9 (2)	No	Rejoinder to Adam Reed. "Not Even False.' JoARS. 2008. Spring.	In this brief note, Toner discusses Adam Reed’s reply ("Not Even False," The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Spring 2008) to his earlier paper, "Objectivist Atheology" (The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Spring 2007). He argues that Reed’s criticisms do not hold up under scrutiny.	Website: http://college.wfu.edu/philosophy/toner/
Patrick Toner	Wake Forest University. Associate Professor of Philosophy.	Mail: Department of Philosophy, Wake Forest University, Tribble Hall B301, P.O. Box 7332, Winston-Salem, NC 27109 E-Mail: tonerpj@wfu.com. T: (336) 758-4223	Objectivist Atheology	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Spring; 8 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism; Relationship to God; Theories of Leonard Peikoff; Objectivism the Philosophy of Ayn Rand.	Objectivists insist on the primacy of existence---the axiom that existence exists. This axiom is taken to entail that the universe exists independent of any consciousness, human or divine. Objectivists hold that a straightforward consequence of this axiom is that God does not exist. The central argument of this paper is that the Objectivist atheological argument based on the primacy of existence fails. Atheological arguments based on the alleged incoherence of the Divine attributes are at best inconclusive. Theism has not been shown to be incompatible with Objectivism.	Patrick Toner, Department of Philosophy, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27100, works in metaphysics and philosophy of religion, and has published previously in journals such as Philosophical Studies, The Philosophical Quarterly, and Faith and Philosophy. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Virginia, and was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Notre Dame's Center for Philosophy of Religion before coming to Wake Forest.
Stephen E. Parrish	Concordia University. Faculty member Philosophy (Retired). Affliations: Society of Christian Philosophers. Evangelical Philosophical Society. American Philosophical Association.	N / A	What's Good For the Goose and Related Matters	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS) 2008 Spring; 9 (2)	N / A	2008 Spring; 9 (2)	No	Rejoinder to Adam Reed. "Not Even False.' JoARS. 2008. Spring.	This is a response to Adam Reed’s critique ("Not Even False," The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Spring 2008) of Parrish’s essay, "God and Objectivism" (The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Spring 2007). Parrish argues that Reed ignores most of his critical points with regard to Objectivism, while committing several fallacies and embracing his own arbitrary positions.	Stephen E. Parrish is an Associate Professor of Philosophy and librarian at Concordia University in Ann Arbor. He is the author of God and Necessity(University Press of America, 2001), and the coauthor of See the GODS Fall(College Press, 1997) and The Mormon Concept of God (Edwin Mellen, 1991). He is writing (very slowly) a book on the mind-body problem.
Stephen E. Parrish	Concordia University. Assisatant Professor of Philosophy. Collection Management Librarian. Wayne State University Adjunct Professor of Philosophy. Wrote A Companion to Jane Austen Studies.	N / A	God and Objectivism: A Critique of Objectivist Philosophy of Religion	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2007 Spring; 8 (2)	No	Treatment of Objectivism. Relationship to God. Theories of Leonard Peikoff. Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand.	Objectivism is committed to atheism. However, Objectivists have done little work in Philosophy of Religion. This article argues that much of the work that they have done is fallacious. In particular, the critique of God that Peikoff gives in Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand is deeply flawed. If they want to justify their atheism, Objectivists need to rework and revise their arguments; in the final analysis, however, it is doubtful that their efforts will succeed.	STEPHEN E. PERRISH has lived his entire life in Michigan. After earning a B.S. in biology and chemistry from Eastern Michigan University, he pursued a Masters in Library Science from the University of Michigan. His primary interest, however, took him to Wayne State University to gain an M.A./Ph.D. in philosophy. He worked at William Tyndale College as philosophy professor and librarian from 1991-1999. From 1999 Dr. Parrish served at Concordia University in a similar dual capacity until 2012, when he became a full time professor of philosophy. He is married to Elenn, who has served as a missionary doctor to Pakistan. He has three daughters and two grandchildren.
Kurt Keefner	Writer, teacher, & non-traditional scholar	N / A	Atlas Shrugged and Quo Vadis	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2006 Spring; 7 (2)	No	Symbolism. Treatment of Values. Idealism. Relationship to Christianity. Egoism. Compared to Henryk Sienkiewicz	Henryk Sienkiewicz's book Quo Vadis was named by Ayn Rand as one of the great novels in the Romantic style. Its account of the early Christian movement in the time of Nero parallels the story of the strikers in the time of the "looters" in Atlas Shrugged. This essay contends that Rand intended to improve upon Sienkiewicz's version by giving her small band the proper values. This claim is supported by numerous similarities between the two novels, particularly between the Christian fish-symbol and the sign of the dollar.	Kurt Keefner is a nontraditional scholar interested in philosophy and the arts. He has written extensively for online publications such as The Atlasphere and The All-Music Guide. He lives with his wife in Greenbelt, Maryland. Kurt Keefner is a writer and teacher. Originally from Springfield, Illinois, he studied philosophy at the University of Chicago. He has published hundreds of music reviews, book reviews and essays, including "Free Will: A Response to Sam Harris," available on Kindle. He lives near Washington, DC, with his wife, author Stephanie Allen. This is his first full-length work.
Carolyn Ray	Philospher (B.A., M.A. PhD). Philosophical Consultant.	Mail: 2698 Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037.	Porter's Rand: A Commentary.	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Fall; 3 (1)	No	Treatment of Knoweldge. Theories of Tom Porter. Ayn Rand's Theory of Knowledge: A Commentary (1999)	Ray reviews Tom Porter's Ayn Rand's Theory of Knowledge, a paragraph-by-paragraph annotation of Ayn Rand's Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology. She finds that, while Porter's basic idea is a good one, the book suffers from a lack of internal coherence, citations, and editing.	Carolyn Ray obtained her Ph.D. and M.A. in philosophy at Indiana University, and her B.A. in philosophy at Hollins College. Author of a doctoral dissertation on "Identity and Universals," she specializes in epistemology and applied ethics. Ray practices philosophical consulting, landscape consulting, and web programming in La Jolla, California and on the Internet. She is also editor of the journal Objectivity, and heads Enlightenment, an organization that promotes Objectivist scholarship.
Michelle Fram-Cohen	S.U.N.Y. Mastrrs of Arts Comparative Literature.	E-mail: michal35@comcast.net	Poetry and History: The Two Levels of Ninety Three	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Fall; 3 (1)	No	Treatment of Victor-Marie Hugo. As historical novel. As philsophical novel.	Fram-Cohen argues that in her ""Introduction to Ninety Three,"" Rand uses Hugo's novel to demonstrate the disparity between literature and history, and the conflict between Romanticism and Naturalism. However, by dismissing the novel's historical aspects, Rand severs her perspective from a major source of the novel's greatness, and estranges herself from other favorable critics. In her reading of Ninety Three, Rand turns the Aristotelian distinction between poetry and history into a false alternative. Poetry and history actually complement each other in this novel; the Romanticism of Ninety Three can be greatly enhanced by its historical background.	Michelle Fram-Cohen, 6202 Satan Wood Drive, Columbia, Maryland 21044, holds an M.A. in Comparative Literature and Translation Studies from the State University of New York at Binghamton. She works as a computer programmer and freelance Hebrew translator. Her literary publications include book reviews, poetry translations, and short essays in Full Context, The Objectivist Forum, The Atlantean Press Review and Monadnock.net.
Michael Newberry	The Atlas Society (Artist in Residence)	N / A	On Meta-Physical Value Judgements	Journal of Ayn Rand Studies (JoARS)	N / A	2001 Spring; 2 (2)	No	Treatment of Art. Aesthetic Values. Of the Metaphsical. Michelle Warder: What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand (2000)	Newberry argues that, contrary to Rand, Torres and Kamhi (authors of What Art Is) do not recognize the connections between major art forms and the metaphysical questions they seek to answer. Many of the authors' conclusions, including their re-definition of Rand's concept of art, are based on a negation of these connections. But such links are crucial to Rand's concept of metaphysical value-judgments; Newberry provides examples in support of Rand's view.	Michael Newberry, Theophiliskou 5, 85100 Rhodes, Greece, is a painter who has exhibited his work throughout the world. He taught at Otis College of Art and Design in Los Angeles and has given lectures on the creative process and form versus formlessness at The Objectivist Center's Summer Seminars. In July 1999, he was featured in CNN International's "The Art Club," which had a worldwide audience.

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